Sedentarism, physical inactivity, and unhealthy eating habits are lifestyle factors that could have an influence on health status.
In Spain, sedentarism and physical inactivity are high in both ...adults and children, which could have a role in the elevated rates of
overweight and obesity in these populations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an intervention promoting
healthy habits to improve students’ global health status by means of the methodology of active homework, as well as to work on selfevaluation as a competence. Moreover, to introduce innovative educational strategies promoting and raising awareness on healthy habits
at the university level. From the subject of education for health, an elective course within the bachelor program in primary education,
specialty of physical education, we attempt to solve the problem of sedentarism and physical inactivity with active homework. Students
(n=47) were asked to create a weekly log of their physical exercise throughout the duration of the course, according to the World Health
Organization recommendations. To make this log, students could use apps, heart rate monitors, activity wristbands, etcetera. Students’
log information was combined with that obtained from a virtual forum of the course. We designed the intervention for the principal study
based on the results from the pilot project, including the collection of health parameters related with physical activity and sedentarism.
The intervention was applied to a larger sample, split into control and intervention groups. The active homework represented a
motivational and innovative means to promote physical exercise, giving students the chance to acquire significative learnings, which are
positive during the teaching-learning process, as well as better health and professional future.
En España el sedentarismo y la inactividad física son elevados en población adulta e infantil, lo que puede influir en las
elevadas tasas de sobrepeso y obesidad. El objetivo fue valorar la acogida de los alumnos ante una intervención sobre los hábitos de
ejercicio físico a través de los deberes activos y obtener información para el diseño del estudio principal. Así como innovar en estrategias
educativas en el ámbito universitario para el fomento y la concienciación de los hábitos saludables. Desde la asignatura de educación para
la salud, optativa del grado en educación primaria, especialidad de educación física, se propuso abordar la problemática del sedentarismo
y la inactividad física a través de los deberes activos. Los alumnos (n=47) debían realizar un registro de ejercicio físico, cumpliendo con
las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, de manera semanal, a lo largo de toda la asignatura. Para realizar dicho registro
los alumnos podían utilizar, en función de la actividad realizada, aplicaciones móviles, pulsómetros o pulseras de actividad, entre otros.
Se utilizó la información del registro de los alumnos, así como el foro virtual de la asignatura para la recogida de información. Con los
resultados obtenidos en el proyecto piloto se ha diseñado la intervención para el estudio principal, en el que se recogerán diversos
parámetros relacionados con el estado de salud, la actividad física y el sedentarismo, con mayor tamaño muestral, diferenciando entre
grupo control y grupo intervención. Los deberes activos para la promoción del ejercicio físico han resultado ser un trabajo motivante e
innovador, que permite el aprendizaje significativo, positivo para el alumno en el aprendizaje, la salud, y el futuro laboral como maestro.
The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the level of physical activity (PA) and the degree of obesity with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with ...metabolic syndrome (MetS) who participated in the Predimed-Plus study. A total of 6875 subjects between 55 and 75 years of age with MetS were selected and randomized in 23 Spanish centers. Subjects were classified according to categories of body mass index (BMI). PA was measured with the validated Registre Gironí del Cor (REGICOR) questionnaire and subjects were classified according to their PA level (light, moderate, vigorous) and the HRQoL was measured with the validated short-form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. By using the ANOVA model, we found a positive and statistically significant association between the level of PA and the HRQoL (aggregated physical and mental dimensions
< 0.001), but a negative association with higher BMI in aggregated physical dimensions
< 0.001. Furthermore, women obtained lower scores compared with men, more five points in all fields of SF-36. Therefore, it is essential to promote PA and body weight control from primary care consultations to improve HRQoL, paying special attention to the differences that sex incurs.
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a persistent global pandemic with a very heterogeneous disease presentation ranging from a mild disease to dismal prognosis. Early detection of sensitivity and ...severity of COVID-19 is essential for the development of new treatments. In the present study, we measured the levels of circulating growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in plasma of severity-stratified COVID-19 patients and uninfected control patients and characterized the
in vitro
effects and cohort frequency of ACE2 SNPs. Our results show that while circulating GDF15 and ACE2 stratify COVID-19 patients according to disease severity, ACE2 missense SNPs constitute a risk factor linked to infection susceptibility.
La obesidad sarcopénica (OS) es una nueva categoría de obesidad, especialmente asociada a población envejecida, caracterizada por una elevada masa grasa y baja masa muscular.
Se pretende analizar la ...relación entre la OS y la disfuncionalidad en una población mayor de 55 años con sobrepeso u obesidad y síndrome metabólico.
Para el análisis de la composición corporal se ha utilizado la absorciometria dual de rayos X (DXA) en un total de 303 participantes, y para la valoración de la disfuncionalidad se han realizado 5 test físicos validados en una submuestra de 53 participantes. Se ha realizado una puntuación global de capacidad física y se ha mirado su asociación con los fenotipos de OS, definidos en función de la masa muscular esquelética y la grasa corporal total.
No se observó una asociación significativa entre la OS y la disfuncionalidad en esta muestra. Son necesarios estudios con mayor tamaño muestral.
The sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a new category of obesity, specially related with the elderly population, characterized by high fat mass and low muscle mass.
It is intended to analyze the relation between SO and disability, in a population older than 55 years with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome.
For the body composition analyzes we used DXA in 303 patients, and for the assessment of disability we used 5 physical validated test in a subsample of 53 patients. We constructed a global physical capacity score and we studied the association with SO phenotypes, defined using the skeletal muscle mass and the total body fat.
It has not been found significant associations between SO and disability in our sample. Studies with a large sample are needed.
PDF
