This paper proposes a new 5D chaotic system with the flux-controlled memristor. The dynamics analysis of the new system can also demonstrate the hyperchaotic characteristics. The design and analysis ...of adaptive synchronization for the new memristor-based chaotic system and its slave system are carried out. Furthermore, the modularized circuit designs method is used in the new chaotic system circuit implementation. The Multisim simulation and the physical experiments are conducted, compared, and matched with each other which can demonstrate the existence of the attractor for the new system.
This article introduces in detail a multi-parameter measurement device that can measure six-channel voltage, current and other information with the three-phase multi-function measurement chip ...ATT7022E, and can transmit the measured data to the high-performance ARM_Cortex_M4 microcontroller through the serial port of the STM32 single-chip microcomputer. This controller is equipped with an industrial Ethernet interface to connect to the Internet. In addition to the data acquisition part, it also realizes the remote configuration and precise control of the entire device. This article mainly introduces the content of the data acquisition part, including the acquisition of three-phase input and output Terminal voltage, current, active power, reactive power, apparent power, power factor and other parameters. Describes the design of this part of the hardware schematic diagram: including voltage sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, ATT7022E basic circuit, STM32F103RBT6 microcontroller basic circuit, serial communication interface and other circuit designs. It also describes the software calibration method, the realization of serial communication with the host computer ARM_Cortex_M4 microcontroller and the analysis of the measurement results. After experiments, the voltage is calibrated near the grid voltage, and the voltage value can reach the accuracy requirement within 0.5 level in the technical indicators of the power monitor.
At present, in the communication between Electric Multiple Units (EMU) and locomotive network control system, in order to ensure the stability of vehicle control and the accuracy and reliability of ...data recording, its key components - Central Control Unit (CCU) and Event Record Machine (ERM) adopt an embedded real-time operation system. In order to facilitate debugging, the system needs to start Microsoft's DOS system before being called to start. Based on the feedback of the embedded real-time operating system startup failure from each locomotive and rolling stock depot, this paper will elaborate on its startup process and propose a solution that can automatically repair the startup problem, which has been tested in the laboratory to prove that this method can effectively avoid the system startup failure.
At present, the train level network control communication mostly adopts the twisted Wire Train Bus (WTB) cable transmission. But its speed is slow and the amount of transmitted data is small, so it ...is difficult to meet the current requirements. Therefore, the high-speed and large amount of industrial Ethernet communication will become the mainstream of the future train level network control communication. It will research the train level network control communication based on the Train Real-time Data Protocol (TRDP) in combination with the requirements of the research project-200 km/h power centralized Electric Multiple Unit (EMU), and compare the international standards and the national standards of China in this paper. It will adopt the method of combining process data and message data to realize the data interaction requirements between the central control unit and the Ethernet Train Backbone Node (ETBN), acquire relevant data of Ethernet Train Backbone (ETB) nodes and vehicle formation information of the whole vehicle, and further acquire control data of the multiple connected vehicles. At the same time, transmit the control data and message data of the own vehicle to the multiple connected vehicles, so as to realize interconnection and mutual control between multiple connected vehicles. In order to improve the correctness and real-time of data transmission, it introduced the Secure Data Transmission protocol version2(SDTv2) for communication between the central control unit and other equipment in this project, and completed the interconnection test with the Ethernet card of Swiss Duagon company to ensure the safety and reliability of important data.
Key message
Using GWAS and QTL mapping identified 100 QTL and 138 SNPs, which control yield-related traits in maize. The candidate gene
GRMZM2G098557
was further validated to regulate ear row number ...by using a segregation population.
Understanding the genetic basis of yield-related traits contributes to the improvement of grain yield in maize. This study used an inter-mated B73 × Mo17 (IBM) Syn10 doubled-haploid (DH) population and an association panel to identify the genetic loci responsible for nine yield-related traits in maize. Using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, 100 QTL influencing these traits were detected across different environments in the IBM Syn10 DH population, with 25 co-detected in multiple environments. Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS), 138 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified as correlated with these traits (
P
< 2.04E−06) in the association panel. Twenty-one pleiotropic QTL/SNPs were identified to control different traits in both populations. A combination of QTL mapping and GWAS uncovered eight significant SNPs (PZE-101097575, PZE-103169263, ZM011204-0763, PZE-104044017, PZE-104123110, SYN8062, PZE-108060911, and PZE-102043341) that were co-located within seven QTL confidence intervals. According to the eight co-localized SNPs by the two populations, 52 candidate genes were identified, among which the ear row number (ERN)-associated SNP SYN8062 was closely linked to SBP-transcription factor 7 (
GRMZM2G098557
). Several SBP-transcription factors were previously demonstrated to modulate maize ERN. We then validated the phenotypic effects of SYN8062 in the IBM Syn10 DH population, indicating that the ERN of the lines with the A-allele in SYN8062 was significantly (
P
< 0.05) larger than that of the lines with the G-allele in SYN8062 in each environment. These findings provide valuable information for understanding the genetic mechanisms of maize grain yield formation and for improving molecular marker-assisted selection for the high-yield breeding of maize.
SUMMARY
The ability of immature maize (Zea mays) embryos to form embryonic calluses (ECs) is highly genotype dependent, which limits transgenic breeding development in maize. Here, we report the ...association map‐based cloning of ZmSAUR15 using an association panel (AP) consisting of 309 inbred lines with diverse formation abilities for ECs. We demonstrated that ZmSAUR15, which encodes a small auxin‐upregulated RNA, acts as a negative effector in maize EC induction. Polymorphisms in the ZmSAUR15 promoter that influence the expression of ZmSAUR15 transcripts modulate the EC induction capacity in maize. ZmSAUR15 is involved in indole‐3‐acetic acid biosynthesis and cell division in immature embryo‐derived callus. The ability of immature embryos to induce EC formation can be improved by the knockout of ZmSAUR15, which consequently increases the callus regeneration efficiency. Our study provides new insights into overcoming the genotypic limitations associated with EC formation and improving genetic transformation in maize.
Significance Statement
Embryonic callus formation is highly genotype dependent in maize, which largely limits maize transgenic breeding development. This study found that ZmSAUR15 negatively effects embryonic callus formation in maize. The polymorphisms in the ZmSAUR15 promoter influence its expression. Furthermore, ZmSAUR15 modulates indole‐3‐acetic acid biosynthesis and cell division in callus.
This letter presents a novel ultrawideband (UWB) bidirectional transmit-reflect-array (TRA) antenna with dual-polarized characteristics. The proposed TRA antenna, which combines reflectarray antennas ...(RAs) and transmitarray antennas (TAs), can achieve y-polarization transmission and x-polarization reflection. The two polarizations can be independently controlled and share the same UWB frequency band. The TRA achieves a bandwidth of more than 5:1 (2.8 to 15.2 GHz) by using tightly coupled modified dipole (TCMD) radiators. To validate this design concept, a prototype of the proposed TRA comprising 24 × 24 elements is designed, fabricated, and measured. With no distortion for both the RA and TA modes within the operating band, the experimental results show a peak gain of 24.9 dBi and 25 dBi, and a peak aperture efficiency of 38% and 39% for the RA and TA modes, respectively. The measurement and simulation results agree well, indicating potential applications in 6G bidirectional communication.
Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) is a newly discovered adipokine plays an important role in energy homoeostasis, obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although lifestyle modification in obesity and ...T2D is known to offer metabolic benefits, there is paucity of comprehensive data on change in ANGPTL8. We investigated the effect of lifestyle intervention on ANGPTL8 concentrations. 384 obese/overweight adults with newly diagnosed T2D were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to diet (n = 128), diet + activity (n = 128) or usual care (control, n = 128) groups. All patients received usual care. Besides, the diet group received a calorie-restricted diet aiming for a weight loss of 5–10%. The diet + activity group additionally received a pedometer-based walking program. Primary outcome was change in ANGPTL8 concentration at 6 months. Data were analyzed according to intention-to-treat. From baseline to 6 months, the median ANGPTL8 level changed from 804.38 pg/mL to 792.86 pg/mL in control group. Compared with control, ANGPTL8 decreased with diet (baseline-adjusted between-group difference was –121.00 pg/mL, 95% CI –177.47 to –64.53; p < 0.0001) and diet + activity (–126.16 pg/mL, –181.21 to –71.11; p < 0.0001). There was no greater effect of diet + activity compared with diet (–5.16 pg/mL, –53.63 to 43.31; p = 0.8348). Both effects disappeared after adjusting for change in body fat, but did not differ significantly when adjusting for physical activity. A 6-month intervention inducing weight loss by a calorie-restricted diet or diet + activity, resulted in significant decrease on ANGPTL8 concentration. These effects were established by change in total body fat, and not by change in physical activity.
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different lactic acid bacteria and yeast strains on the volatile composition of fermented sweet melon juice. Headspace gas ...chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) coupled with chemometrics was performed to identify the potential volatiles for the discrimination of different fermented sweet melon juice. In total, 70 volatile compounds were found in the fermented sweet melon juices. Of them, 45 compounds were annotated according to the GC-IMS database and classified into esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and furans. Results from the multivariate analysis reveal that sweet melon juice fermented by different combinations of microbial strains could be distinctly separated from each other. A total of 15 volatiles with both variable importance in projection value > 1 and P < 0.05 were determined as potential markers for the discrimination of fermented sweet melon juice. This study confirms the effect of microorganisms on the flavor of the fermented sweet melon juice and shows the potential of HS-GC-IMS combined with chemometrics as a powerful strategy to obtain volatile fingerprints of different fermented sweet melon juice.
Display omitted
•Volatile profiles of fermented sweet melon juice were established by HS-GC-IMS.•A total of 45 volatiles were identified in the fermented sweet melon juice.•Effect of microorganisms on the flavor of fermented sweet melon juice was studied.•PCA and PLS-DA were applied on the volatile data of fermented sweet melon juice.•15 volatiles contribute to the separation of different fermented sweet melon juice.
Kernel weight in a unit volume is referred to as kernel test weight (KTW) that directly reflects maize (
Zea mays
L.) grain quality. In this study, an inter-mated B73 × Mo17 (IBM) Syn10 doubled ...haploid (DH) population and an association panel were used to identify loci responsible for KTW of maize across multiple environments. A total of 18 significant KTW-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified using genome-wide association study (GWAS); they were closely linked to 12 candidate genes. In the IBM Syn10 DH population, linkage analysis detected 19 common quantitative trait loci (QTL), five of which were repeatedly detected among multiple environments. Several verified genes that regulate maize seed development were found in the confidence intervals of the mapped QTL and the LD regions of GWAS, such as
ZmYUC1
,
BAP2
,
ZmTCRR
-
1
,
dek36
and
ZmSWEET4c
. Combined QTL mapping and GWAS identified one significant SNP that was co-identified in the both populations. Based on the co-localized SNP across the both populations, 17 candidate genes were identified. Of them,
Zm00001d044075
,
Zm00001d044086
, and
Zm00001d044081
were further identified by candidate gene association study for KTW.
Zm00001d044081
encodes homeobox-leucine zipper protein ATHB-4, which has been demonstrated to control apical embryo development in
Arabidopsis
. Our findings provided insights into the mechanism underlying maize KTW and contributed to the application of molecular-assisted selection of high KTW breeding in maize.
PDF
