We describe the performance of high bandwidth-density silicon photonic based integrated circuits (SiPh ICs) that enable the first fully functional photonic engine (PE) module co-packaged with an ...Ethernet switch. We demonstrate the 1.6 Tbps SiPh transmitter (Tx) IC that integrates on-die all the lasers, micro ring modulators, monitor photodetectors, spot size converters, and V-grooves that are needed to support sixteen 106.25 Gbps PAM4 optical transmit channels. This SiPh Tx, together with discrete receiver (Rx) SiPh ICs, enabled an 800 Gbps PE. The PE is designed to allow up to sixteen modules to be co-packaged around a high-bandwidth switch ASIC. The PE test results described in this article were obtained using sixteen 53.125 Gbps electrical channels that were multiplexed to drive eight simultaneously operating 106.25 Gbps optical channels. We report DR4 IEEE standards compliant high-speed optical eye performance as well as full link operation. Post-FEC error-free operation over temperature and over extended time duration is demonstrated on all channels.
Baclofen versus lorazepam for alcohol withdrawal Garag, Sagar; Andrade, Chittaranjan
Indian Journal of Psychiatry/Indian journal of psychiatry,
07/2019, Letnik:
61, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Stenosis of anterior nares may be congenital or acquired. Acquired stenosis may be caused by the diseases which cause destruction of skin or normal cartilage. The various causes of acquired stenosis ...of anterior nares are burns, trauma, infections, etc. Iatrogenic stenosis of anterior nares is a rare condition. Doing simple excision of fibrosed tissue, with septoplasty and endoscopic adenoidectomy in a 5-year child, improved nasal breathing. Use of Mitomycin-C topical solution prevents recurrence of fibrosis, with good outcome.
In view of high surge of sinonasal mucormycosis cases after the second wave of covid 19, present study was planned to know and compare the clinical severity of the disease and also to better ...understand the difference in the biochemical markers during precovid and post covid period. This retrospective observational study included all cases of sinonasal mucormycosis which were treated in our institute from August 2012 to August 2021. Details of these cases were collected from hospital database system. Biochemical parameters included FBS, HbA1C, urine ketone bodies, blood pH and creatinine. Clinical severity score was measured using self-structured severity scoring system. We found that out of 74 cases treated in our hospital 28 cases were in pre covid period while 46 cases belonged to covid 19 period. Higher male predominance was seen during post covid period (76% vs. 60%). Urine ketone bodies were positive in 7% patients in precovid period compared to 26% in post-covid period. FBS and HbA1C were high approximately 80 and 90% patients respectively in both groups. Clinical severity was significantly high in post covid patients. The present study showed that in spite of similar biochemical profile. The severity of mucormycosis was high in covid positive patients. This study shows that Covid-19 is an independent high risk factor in mucormycosis patients.
The aim of this study was to identify the organisms responsible and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates from conjunctiva and nasal mucosa in cases of chronic ...dacryocystitis and comparing with lacrimal sac specimen.
Prospective longitudinal study.
A prospective analysis of 44 lacrimal sac contents of patients with chronic dacryocystitis conducted during the period from April 2012 to March 2013. Material was obtained directly from the lacrimal sac while making sac flap during external dacryocystorhinostomy for chronic dacryocystitis. Samples were also collected from ipsilateral conjunctiva and inferior meatus of nose. The specimens were cultured and results analyzed.
The results were analyzed by using Chi-square (χ(2)) test.
All the patients were in age group of 30 and above. Gram positive bacteria i.e., Coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common isolates (71% and 14% respectively). Vancomycin, amikacin, 3(rd) generation cephalosporins and amoxyclav were most sensitive antibiotics (100%, 89%, 83%, and 78% respectively). Comparison between lacrimal and nasal/conjunctival isolates showed high degree of identicalness between the isolates of two sites (p< 0.05).
Majority of the chronic dacryocystitis cases are caused by Coagulase negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus. Amoxyclav and 3(rd) generation cephalosporins can be used to treat chronic dacryocystitis. Commensal flora of nose and conjunctiva have a direct role in pathogenesis of chronic dacryocystitis.
Relapsing polychondritis is an acute, recurrent and progressive inflammation and degeneration of cartilage and connective tissue including that within the tracheobronchial tree affecting men and ...women equally and usually in the middle age. Serious airway manifestations occur in at least half of these patients. We present to you an interesting case report of a 20-year-old female who presented with exertional breathlessness. Imaging revealed diffuse calcification of pinna and tracheobronchial tree. Based on the characteristic clinical features and imaging studies a diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis was attained.
Background: Cardiac diseases complicate 1-4% of pregnancies in women without pre-existing cardiac abnormalities. Cardiac disease in the pregnant woman can present a challenge to the obstetrician, ...cardiologist and neonatologist. Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an idiopathic disorder defined as heart failure occurring in women during the last month of pregnancy and up to 5 months postpartum. Aim is to study the burden of the disease, maternal outcome in PPCM. Methods: The present study was conducted among the antenatal women admitted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at KIMS, Hubli with a previously diagnosed cardiac disease or diagnosed after admission during index pregnancy from December 2016 to May 2018. The mothers were followed up till discharge. Maternal outcome was noted as discharged or died. Results: A total of 11 cases of PPCM noted in our study out of which one case was developed before delivery, and 10 cases developed postnatally. Out of ten cases which were developed postnatally, 5 patients died giving around 50% of mortality rate. Conclusions: PPCM affects previously normal healthy women in the last month of pregnancy and up to 5 months after delivery. Careful assessment of risk factors contributing PPCM could help in their prevention. And these patients should be stratified in developing PPCM in future pregnancies through proper tools available. Keywords: Anemia, Cardiac diseases, Echocardiography, Maternal mortality, Peripartum cardiomyopathy, Pregnancy-induced hypertension
To study the microbiological profile in patients with chronic rhino-sinusitis. To correlate disease severity with the presence of biofilms and host risk factors. To assess outcome of Sinus Surgery ...2 weeks post operatively in terms of presence of bacteria and their ability to form biofilm. Prospective study. 50 cases of chronic rhino-sinusitis requiring Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery admitted in SDM Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka were studied using intra-operative mucosal samples for microbiological analysis. The organisms isolated were tested for biofilm forming ability using three in vitro tests. Severity of disease was assessed using SNOT 22 scoring system. Of 50 cases studied, 66% showed presence of chronic rhino-sinusitis with polyposis and had higher SNOT scores compared to those without polyps. Bacterial isolates were obtained from only 17 samples.
Staphylococcus
species was isolated from 16 samples and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
from one. 11
Staph
spp. isolates showed biofilm forming ability in vitro. Postoperative events in 3 cases yielded biofilm-forming
Staphylococcus. Staphylococcus
was the most dominant organism isolated and 11 isolates were biofilm formers. Thus the detection of biofilm forming organisms can be considered as a negative prognostic indicator and should forewarn the surgeon about the risk of recurrence.
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