To investigate the mechanism by which nifedipine improves exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease, we studied 14 patients with stable exertional angina and left anterior ...descending artery disease by measuring great cardiac vein flow (GCVF) and calculating anterior regional coronary resistance (ARCR) during exercise before and after sublingual administration of 20 mg of nifedipine. After nifedipine seven patients (group I) had no increase in exercise capacity and showed a similar magnitude of ST segment depression at peak exercise, while another seven patients (group II) had prolonged exercise duration (p less than .001) with less ST segment depression at peak exercise (p less than .01). Such effects were achieved despite a significant increase in double product, an indirect index of myocardial oxygen consumption. In group I patients no significant change was induced by nifedipine in GCVF or in ARCR either at rest or at peak exercise. In contrast, in group II patients nifedipine significantly increased GCVF at rest (p less than .05) and at peak exercise (p less than .001). Moreover, resting ARCR was decreased (p less than .01) and remained significantly lower at peak exercise (p less than .01) compared with the prenifedipine values. These data show that nifedipine may increase GCVF and decrease ARCR at rest and at peak exercise in patients with left anterior descending artery disease. Such increase in myocardial oxygen supply seems the most likely mechanism by which nifedipine may improve exercise capacity in patients with stable exertional angina.
Astron.Astrophys. 422 (2004) 407-422 We investigate the supercluster MS0302+17 (z~0.42) using weak lensing
analysis and deep wide field CFH12k BVR photometry. Using (B-V) - (V-R)
evolution tracks we ...identify supercluster early-types members. We derive a R
band weak lensing background galaxies sample. We compute the correlations
functions of light and mass and show that "light traces mass on supercluster
scales". The zeta-statistics applied in cluster centers and global correlation
analyses over the whole field converge toward the simple relation
M/L_B=300+/-30. This independently confirms the earlier results obtained by
Kaiser et al.(1998). We model dark matter halos around each galaxy by truncated
isothermal spheres and find the linear relation M L still holds. However, their
averaged halo truncation radius is s* ~< 200 kpc close to clusters cores,
whereas it reaches a lower limit of ~ 300 kpc at the periphery. This change of
s_* as function of radial distance gives indications on tidal stripping but the
lack of informations on the late-type galaxies sample prevents us to separate
contributions. Though all the data at hands are consistent with "mass is traced
by light from early-type galaxies", we are not able to describe in details the
contributions of late type galaxies. We however found it to be small.
Two patients complained of chest pain while at rest and during physical activities. However there seemed to be no direct relation between exertional angina and an increasing level of work performed, ...indicating that these patients had a variable threshold of angina during exercise. In one patient spontaneous chest pain was associated with transient S-T segment changes in precordial leads, and during coronary arteriography the administration of ergonovine induced spasm of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The other patient showed S-T segment elevation in inferior leads during an ergonovine-induced anginal attack and coronary arteriography revealed a spontaneous spasm of the right coronary artery. In both patients repeated exercise tests yielded different results, because the chest pain and S-T segment depression occurred at different work loads with large differences in heart rate-systolic blood pressure product. It is concluded that a variable threshold of angina during exercise is a clinical manifestation in some patients with vasospastic angina and is probably due to the difference in coronary arterial tone at the onset of exercise.
We present 21 cm HI line observations of 5x1 square degrees centered on the local Abell cluster 1367 obtained as part of the Arecibo Galaxy Environment Survey. One hundred sources are detected (79 ...new HI measurements and 50 new redshifts), more than half belonging to the cluster core and its infalling region. Combining the HI data with SDSS optical imaging we show that our HI selected sample follows scaling relations similar to the ones usually observed in optically selected samples. Interestingly all galaxies in our sample appear to have nearly the same baryon fraction independently of their size, surface brightness and luminosity. The most striking difference between HI and optically selected samples resides in their large scale distribution: whereas optical and X-ray observations trace the cluster core very well, in HI there is almost no evidence of the presence of the cluster. Some implications on the determination of the cluster luminosity function and HI distribution for samples selected at different wavelength are also discussed.
We combine high-resolution images in four optical/infra-red bands, obtained with the laser guide star adaptive optics system on the Keck Telescope and with the Hubble Space Telescope, to study the ...gravitational lens system SDSSJ0737+3216 (lens redshift 0.3223, source redshift 0.5812). We show that (under favorable observing conditions) ground-based images are comparable to those obtained with HST in terms of precision in the determination of the parameters of both the lens mass distribution and the background source. We also quantify the systematic errors associated with both the incomplete knowledge of the PSF, and the uncertain process of lens galaxy light removal, and find that similar accuracy can be achieved with Keck LGSAO as with HST. We then exploit this well-calibrated combination of optical and gravitational telescopes to perform a multi-wavelength study of the source galaxy at 0.01" effective resolution. We find the Sersic index to be indicative of a disk-like object, but the measured half-light radius (0.59+-0.007+-0.1 kpc) and stellar mass (2.0+-1.0+-0.8e9Msun) place it more than three sigma away from the local disk size-mass relation. The SDSSJ0737+3216 source has the characteristics of the most compact faint blue galaxies studied, and has comparable size and mass to dwarf early-type galaxies in the local universe. With the aid of gravitational telescopes to measure individual objects' brightness profiles to 10% accuracy, the study of the high-redshift size-mass relation may be extended by an order of magnitude or more beyond existing surveys at the low-mass end, thus providing a new observational test of galaxy formation models.
AIMS: We present data from the CFHTLS Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S).
Due to the unsurpassed combined depth, area and image quality of the
Canada-France-Hawaii Legacy Survey it is becoming ...possible to uncover a large,
statistically well-defined sample of strong gravitational lenses which spans
the dark halo mass spectrum predicted by the concordance model from galaxy to
cluster haloes. METHODS: We describe the development of several automated
procedures to find strong lenses of various mass regimes in CFHTLS images.
RESULTS: The preliminary sample of about 40 strong lensing candidates
discovered in the CFHTLS T0002 release, covering an effective field of view of
28 deg$^2$ is presented. These strong lensing systems were discovered using an
automated search and consist mainly of gravitational arc systems with splitting
angles between 2 and 15 arcsec. This sample shows for the first time that it is
possible to uncover a large population of strong lenses from galaxy groups with
typical halo masses of about $10^{13}h^{-1}M_\odot$. We discuss the future
evolution of the SL2S project and its main scientific aims for the next 3
years, in particular our observational strategy to extract the hundreds of
gravitational rings also present in these fields.
Training for Collaboration Hepworth, Jeri; Gavazzi, Stephen M; Adlin, Marilyn S ...
Family systems medicine,
1988, Letnik:
6, Številka:
1
Journal Article
The authors describe their involvement as family-therapy supervisor and trainee in a family-medicine training program. This arrangement provides a collaborative context in which the two cultures of ...medicine and therapy convene for training. The authors discuss the possibilities and difficulties of working within this innovative framework.
Objective To investigate the possible coexistence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in patients with β myosin heavy chain (βMHC) linked hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) who develop congestive ...heart failure. Design Molecular analysis of βMHC and mtDNA gene defects in patients with HCM. Setting Cardiovascular molecular diagnostic and heart transplantation reference centre in north Italy. Patients Four patients with HCM who underwent heart transplantation for end stage heart failure, and after pedigree analysis of 60 relatives, eight additional affected patients and 27 unaffected relatives. A total of 111 unrelated healthy adult volunteers served as controls. Disease controls included an additional 27 patients with HCM and 102 with dilated cardiomyopathy. Intervention Molecular analysis of DNA from myocardial and skeletal muscle tissue and from peripheral blood specimens. Main outcome measures Screening for mutations in βMHC (exons 3-23) and mtDNA tRNA (nâeuroper thousand=âeuroper thousand22) genes with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis or single strand conformational polymorphism followed by automated DNA sequencing. Results One proband (kindred A) (plus seven affected relatives) had arginine 249 glutamine (Arg249Gln) βMHC and heteroplasmic mtDNA tRNAIle A4300G mutations. Another unrelated patient (kindred B) with sporadic HCM had identical mutations. The remaining two patients (kindred C), a mother and son, had a novel βMHC mutation (lysine 450 glutamic acid) (Lys450Glu) and a heteroplasmic missense (T9957C, phenylalanine (Phe)->leucine (Leu)) mtDNA mutation in subunit III of the cytochrome C oxidase gene. The amount of mutant mtDNA was higher in the myocardium than in skeletal muscle or peripheral blood and in affected patients than in asymptomatic relatives. Mutations were absent in the controls. Pathological and biochemical characteristics of patients with mutations Arg249Gln plus A4300G (kindreds A and B) were identical, but different from those of the two patients with Lys450Glu plus T9957C(Phe->Leu) mutations (kindred C). Cytochrome C oxidase activity and histoenzymatic staining were severely decreased in the two patients in kindreds A and B, but were unaffected in the two in kindred C. Conclusions βMHC gene and mtDNA mutations may coexist in patients with HCM and end stage congestive heart failure. Although βMHC gene mutations seem to be the true determinants of HCM, both mtDNA mutations in these patients have known prerequisites for pathogenicity. Coexistence of other genetic abnormalities in βMHC linked HCM, such as mtDNA mutations, may contribute to variable phenotypic expression and explain the heterogeneous behaviour of HCM.
We investigate the supercluster MS0302+17 (z~0.42) using weak lensing analysis and deep wide field CFH12k BVR photometry. Using (B-V) - (V-R) evolution tracks we identify supercluster early-types ...members. We derive a R band weak lensing background galaxies sample. We compute the correlations functions of light and mass and show that "light traces mass on supercluster scales". The zeta-statistics applied in cluster centers and global correlation analyses over the whole field converge toward the simple relation M/L_B=300+/-30. This independently confirms the earlier results obtained by Kaiser et al.(1998). We model dark matter halos around each galaxy by truncated isothermal spheres and find the linear relation M L still holds. However, their averaged halo truncation radius is s* ~< 200 kpc close to clusters cores, whereas it reaches a lower limit of ~ 300 kpc at the periphery. This change of s_* as function of radial distance gives indications on tidal stripping but the lack of informations on the late-type galaxies sample prevents us to separate contributions. Though all the data at hands are consistent with "mass is traced by light from early-type galaxies", we are not able to describe in details the contributions of late type galaxies. We however found it to be small.
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