A one-step strategy was designed to prepare short Ag nanorods whose aspect ratios ranges from 1.0 to 5.0 in aqueous phase without seed and template intervention. The as-prepared short Ag nanorods ...showed controllable longitudinal plasmon modes in visible and infrared regions. The electric-field enhancement, excitation wavelength- and excitation fluence-dependent electronic dynamics of short Ag nanorods were found adjustable.
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•Short Ag nanorods synthesized using a green one-step aqueous-phase strategy.•Precise control of short Ag nanorods with aspect ratios especially from 1.0 to 5.0.•Short Ag nanorods showed tunable optical property in visible and infrared regions.•Short Ag nanorods showed tunable electric-field enhancement and electronic dynamics.
Ag nanorods with finely controllable aspect ratios (especially 1–5) were synthesized in high yield via an effective one-step aqueous-phase method, in which the longitudinal plasmon modes in visible and infrared regions of short Ag nanorods were well adjustable. Meanwhile, excitation wavelength- and excitation fluence-dependent electronic dynamics of short Ag nanorods were acquired and were found to be regular. This suggested that short Ag nanorods would have great potential in plasmonic and photoelectronic fields.
Although the growth mechanisms (e.g., seed-induced growth and capping agent orientation) of bimetal nanocrystals (e.g., core–shell, alloy, segmented, and branched) from artificial experimental ...speculation and theoretical calculation have been widely accepted, precisely revealing their growth mechanisms is still tremendously challenging. In this work, we utilized redox reaction kinetics for the first time to successfully reveal the aqueous sequential growth mechanism between Au and Ag nanocrystals of segmented Ag-Au-Ag heterojunction nanorods (HJNRs) in a one-step and high-temperature aqueous system. Herein, electrode potentials of different electrical pairs (e.g., Ag+/Ag and AuCl4 –/Au) at 200 °C could be calculated through using the Helgeson–Kirkham–Flowers state and other equations, from which whether Au and Ag nanocrystals grew successively and formed segmented Ag-Au-Ag HJNRs could be correctly assessed. The redox reaction kinetics mechanism can also explain well the aqueous-phase growth mechanisms of other bimetal nanocrystals and paves a promising avenue for the design and synthesis of other one-dimensional segmented metal nanostructures.
Segmented metal–metal heterostructure nanorods/nanowires are very promising for development in photoelectric devices, wearable electronics, biomedicine, and energy storage due to unique surface and ...interface and adjustable electronic and optical properties. Regretfully, most of the segmented heterojunctions are presently synthesized in organic solvent, and its electronic dynamics is still rarely studied and poorly understood. Here, we reported a pressure-assisted one-step aqueous-phase strategy to successfully synthesize segmented Ag–Au–Ag heterojunction nanorods (HJNRs), the aspect ratios and heterojunction contents of which can be well controlled by varying pressure value. The heterojunction-induced femtosecond-to-nanosecond dynamics in 1D direction of the Ag–Au–Ag HJNRs were for the first time acquired and presented a unique regularity tendency (e.g., electron–phonon scattering time). The unprecedented aqueous-phase strategy opens up horizons of synthesis of other segmented metal–metal HJNRs, and the fascinating Ag–Au–Ag HJNRs are hopeful for the development of a new class devices in photothermal and photoelectronic fields.
Natural oil body (OB), due to the fascinating surface membrane structure, has a great potential to be a typical natural delivery system. In this work, three kinds of OBs with different components and ...surface membrane structure were extracted from rapeseed, camellia and flaxseed, respectively. Their compositions and structural characteristics had been fully characterized by SDS-PAGE, low field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), the cryo-Scanning Electron Microscope etc. Furthermore, curcumin as bioactive compound was loaded into these OBs via pH-shift method. The impact of structural and membrane constructional differences between three kinds of OBs on both encapsulation and gastrointestinal digestion fate of curcumin were also investigated. The rapeseed OB had the highest surface membrane protein content and lowest particle size (0.77 μm), leading to a relative higher encapsulation efficiency (91.87%) and bioaccessibility (91.3%) of curcumin and the highest release of FFAs (18.19 μmol ml −1), while camellia OB the lowest. The stubborn flaxseed gum on flaxseed OB protected the surface membrane proteins from hydrolysis, which contribute to the highest bioaccessibility of curcumin (94.32%). The different surface membrane structure of the three kinds of OBs, especially the protein content, affected the loading process of curcumin and their digestion in gastrointestinal tract. The results of rheology also showed that OBs with high protein content might be more effective in encapsulation of bioactive molecules, coupled with a negative influence on the stability of interfacial layers. These results may contribute to the application of natural OBs from oilseeds in multiple food processing including plant-based milk, fortified food and so on.
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•OBs from rapeseed, camellia and flaxseed are extracted and fully characterized.•Camellia OBs has a maximum particle size due to its high ratio of oil to oleosin.•Surface membrane protein content strongly impacts the curcumin loading rate of OBs.•The tight flaxseed gum stabilizes the flaxseed OB particles during curcumin loading.•Higher protein content and existing flaxseed gum promote higher bioaccessibility of curcumin.
As a natural plant-derived oil-in-water emulsion, oil bodies (OBs) with fine membrane structure have a great potential to be a typical green entrapping system. The dense membrane of OBs protects the ...interior readily oxidizable substance, but also severely blocks the passage of biologically active substances. Given full considerations of both the mobility and rigidity of the OBs membrane, in this work, tepidity-ultrasonic (TU) method was firstly applied to incorporate β-carotene within flaxseed oil bodies (FOB). Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscope (Cryo-SEM) measurements demonstrated that TU could induce the transformation of FOB membrane and greatly promoted β-carotene encapsulation into FOB interior. In consistent with rheology, the infrared, ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra of the membrane protein, as well as force-deformation curves confirmed that the inserted β-carotene weaken the interaction of components in the membrane to a sharp reduction in membrane stiffness. The subsequent ultrasonic triggered interfacial membrane remodeling and particle size reduction, causing a significant improvement of interfacial membrane stiffness nearly back its original state and ultimately improving the stability of the system. The optimal encapsulation rate of β-carotene (96.88%) could be obtained at optimized ultrasonic condition. After 30-day storage, the relative encapsulation efficiency of β-carotene in FOB-β-TU remained at 84.06%. Thus, this paper reveals that the synergistic effect of tepidity-stirring and ultrasonic provides the possibility for solvent-free assisted encapsulation of hydrophobic bioactive substances in natural OBs. This easily applicable method is also conducive to fulfill its application in multiple food processing.
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•β-carotene incorporation and tepidity treatment changed the interaction between membrane protein and phospholipids•The translocation of interfacial protein may provide a pathway for β-carotene accessing.•Tepidity-ultrasonic successful promoted the entrapment of β-carotene into natural plant-derived FOB.•Interfacial membrane stiffness showed a significant tendency to return to the original state after ultrasound.•Ultrasound triggered interfacial membrane remodeling and ultimately improving the system stability.
Whole flaxseed (flour) as a good source of omega‐3 fatty acid and phytochemicals with excellent nutritional and functional attributes has been used to enrich foods for health promotion and disease ...prevention. However, several limitations and contemporary challenges still impact the development of whole flaxseed (flour)‐enriched products on the global market, such as naturally occurring antinutritional factors and entrapment of nutrients within food matrix. Whole flaxseed (flour) with different existing forms could variably alter the techno‐functional performance of food matrix, and ultimately affect the edible qualities of fortified food products. The potential interaction mechanism between the subject and object components in fortified products has not been elucidated yet. Hence, in this paper, the physical structure and component changes of flaxseed (flour) by pretreatments coupled with their potential influences on the edible qualities of multiple fortified food products were summarized and analyzed. In addition, several typical food products, including baked, noodle, and dairy products were preferentially selected to investigate the potential influencing mechanisms of flaxseed (flour) on different substrate components. In particular, the altered balance between water absorption of flaxseed protein/gum polysaccharides and the interruption of gluten network, lipid lubrication, lipid–amylose complexes, syneresis, and so forth, were thoroughly elucidated. The overall impact of incorporating whole flaxseed (flour) on the quality and nutritional attributes of fortified food products, coupled with the possible solutions against negative influences are aimed. This paper could provide useful information for expanding the application of whole flaxseed (flour) based on the optimal edible and nutritional properties of fortified food products.
We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of Chinese laboratories for inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on urine samples. Meanwhile, based ...on the result of the pilot external quality assessment (EQA) scheme, we hope to establish a standardized and reliable procedure for future EQA practice.
We recruited laboratories that participated in the EQA of quantitative analysis of urinary organic acids with GC-MS before joining the surveys. In each survey, a set of five real urine samples was distributed to each participant. The participants should analyze the sample by GC-MS and report the "analytical result", "the most likely diagnosis", and "recommendation for further tests" to the NCCL before the deadline.
A total of 21 laboratories participated in the scheme. The pass rates were 94.4% in 2020 and 89.5% in 2021. For all eight IMDs tested, the analytical proficiency rates ranged from 84.7% - 100%, and the interpretational performance rate ranged from 88.2% - 97.0%. The performance on hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA), 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency (MCCD), and ethylmalonic encephalopathy (EE) samples were not satisfactory.
In general, the participants of this pilot EQA scheme are equipped with the basic capability for qualitative organic acid analysis and interpretation of the results. Limited by the small size of laboratories and samples involved, this activity could not fully reflect the state of clinical practice of Chinese laboratories. NCCL will improve the EQA scheme and implement more EQA activities in the future.
An important model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that has been described in southeast Asia includes the transition from chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) to liver cirrhosis (LC) and, finally, ...to HCC. The genome-wide methylation profiling of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has not previously been used to assess HCC development. Using MethylCap-seq, we analyzed the genome-wide cfDNA methylation profiles by separately pooling healthy control (HC), CHB, LC and HCC samples and independently validating the library data for the tissue DNA and cfDNA by MSP, qMSP and Multiplex-BSP-seq.
The dynamic features of cfDNA methylation coincided with the natural course of HCC development. Data mining revealed the presence of 240, 272 and 286 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) corresponding to the early, middle and late stages of HCC progression, respectively. The validation of the DNA and cfDNA results in independent tissues identified three DMGs, including ZNF300, SLC22A20 and SHISA7, with the potential for distinguishing between CHB and LC as well as between LC and HCC. The area under the curve (AUC) ranged from 0.65 to 0.80, and the odds ratio (OR) values ranged from 5.18 to 14.2.
Our data revealed highly dynamic cfDNA methylation profiles in support of HBV-related HCC development. We have identified a panel of DMGs that are predictive for the early, middle and late stages of HCC development, and these are potential markers for the early detection of HCC as well as the screening of high-risk populations.
Garment Fabric Pattern Classification via ResNet-34 Geng, Zengmin; Lin, Bijun; Yuan, Ye ...
Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Power, Communication, Computing and Networking Technologies,
09/2023
Conference Proceeding
This article presents a novel automatic classification method for garment fabric pattern images using the vanilla Reset. The study begins by collecting industry-standard garment fabric images, which ...are further subjected to preprocessing techniques such as cropping, rotation, and contrast enhancement. These steps contribute to an expanded garment fabric image dataset. The dataset is then divided into a validation set and a training set for conducting image classification experiments. Different ResNet frameworks are employed to analyze the datasets and compare the results. The findings demonstrate that the classification model based on ResNet-34, serving as the backbone network, achieves the highest accuracy of 91.8% in garment fabric pattern classification. This performance surpasses the accuracy achieved by alternative backbone networks, namely AlexNet, VGG16, and GoogleNet, by a substantial margin. The superiority of ResNet-34 as a backbone network is thus affirmed. The proposed method's effectiveness is validated by the significant improvement in classification accuracy achieved by ResNet-34 compared to other backbone networks. These results highlight the potential of ResNet-34 in garment fabric pattern classification tasks. By leveraging the strengths of the ResNet architecture, our approach offers a promising solution for automating the classification of garment fabric patterns, contributing to efficiency and accuracy in the fashion industry. Overall, this study establishes the value of employing the ResNet-34 backbone network for garment fabric pattern image classification, as it outperforms competing networks and achieves remarkable classification accuracy. Future research can build upon these findings to explore further advancements in automatic garment fabric pattern classification.
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