We study the decays of the antitriplet charmed baryon state (Ξc0,Ξc+,Λc+) based on the SU(3) flavor symmetry. In particular, after predicting B(Ξc0→Ξ−π+)=(15.7±0.7)×10−3 and ...B(Ξc+→Ξ−π+π+)=(14.7±8.4)×10−3, we extract that B(Ξc0→ΛK−π+,ΛK+K−,Ξ−e+νe)=(16.8±2.3,0.45±0.11,48.7±17.4)×10−3 and B(Ξc+→pKs0Ks0,Σ+K−π+,Ξ0π+π0,Ξ0e+νe)=(1.3±0.8,13.8±8.0,33.8±21.9,33.8−22.6+21.9)×10−3. We also find that B(Ξc0→Ξ0η,Ξ0η′)=(1.7−1.7+1.0,8.6−6.3+11.0)×10−3, B(Ξc0→Λ0η,Λ0η′)=(1.6−0.8+1.2,9.4−6.8+11.6)×10−4 and B(Ξc+→Σ+η,Σ+η′)=(28.4−6.9+8.2,13.2−11.9+24.0)×10−4. These Ξc decays with the branching ratios of O(10−4–10−3) are clearly promising to be observed by the BESIII and LHCb experiments.
SU(3) symmetry breaking in charmed baryon decays Geng, C. Q.; Hsiao, Y. K.; Liu, Chia-Wei ...
The European physical journal. C, Particles and fields,
07/2018, Letnik:
78, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We explore the breaking effects of the
SU
(3) flavor symmetry in the singly Cabibbo-suppressed anti-triplet charmed baryon decays of
B
c
→
B
n
M
, with
B
c
=
(
Ξ
c
0
,
Ξ
c
+
,
Λ
c
+
)
and
B
n
(
M
)
...the baryon (pseudo-scalar) octets. We find that these breaking effects can be used to account for the experimental data on the decay branching ratios of
B
(
Λ
c
+
→
Σ
0
K
+
,
Λ
0
K
+
)
and
R
K
/
π
′
=
B
(
Ξ
c
0
→
Ξ
-
K
+
)
/
B
(
Ξ
c
0
→
Ξ
-
π
+
)
. In addition, we obtain that
B
(
Ξ
c
0
→
Ξ
-
K
+
,
Σ
-
π
+
)
=
(
4.6
±
1.7
,
12.8
±
3.1
)
×
10
-
4
,
B
(
Ξ
c
0
→
p
K
-
,
Σ
+
π
-
)
=
(
3.0
±
1.0
,
5.2
±
1.6
)
×
10
-
4
and
B
(
Ξ
c
+
→
Σ
0
(
+
)
π
+
(
0
)
)
=
(
10.3
±
1.7
)
×
10
-
4
, which all receive significant contributions from the breaking effects, and can be tested by the BESIII and LHCb experiments.
Objective
To systematically assess the prevalence of frailty, including prefrailty, stratified prevalence according to frailty criteria, gender, age, and region, and the risk factors for frailty in ...China.
Design
We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis using articles available in 8 databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), and Weipu Database (VIP).
Setting
Crosssectional and cohort data from Chinese community.
Participants
Community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older.
Measurements
Two authors independently extracted data based upon predefined criteria. Where data were available we conducted a meta-analysis of frailty parameters using a random-effects model.
Results
We screened 915 different articles, and 14 studies (81258 participants) were ultimately included in this analysis. The prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in individual studies varied from 5.9% to 17.4% and from 26.8% to 62.8%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of frailty and prefrailty were 10% (95% CI: 8% to 12%, I2 = 97.4%, P = 0.000) and 43% (95% CI: 37% to 50%, I2 = 98.0%, P = 0.000), respectively. The pooled frailty prevalence was 8% for the Fried frailty phenotype, 12% for the frail index, and 15% for the FRAIL scale. Age-stratified meta-analyses showed the pooled prevalence of frailty to be 6%, 15%, and 25% for those aged 65–74, 75–84, and ≥85 years old, respectively. The pooled prevalence of frailty was 8% for males and 11% for females. The pooled prevalence of frailty in Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong was 12%, 8%, and 14%, respectively. The pooled frailty prevalence was 10% in urban areas and 7% in rural areas. After controlling for confounding variables, increasing age (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.2 to 1.36, I
2
= 98.0%, P = 0.000), being female (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.43, I
2
=92.7%, P=0.000), activities of daily living (ADL) disability (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.57 to 1.90, I
2
= 99.7%, P = 0.000), and having three or more chronic diseases (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.78 to 2.18, I
2
= 97.5%, P = 0.000) were associated with frailty.
Conclusions
These findings of this review indicate an overall pooled prevalence of frailty among Chinese community-dwelling older people of 10%. Increasing age, being female, ADL disability, and having three or more chronic diseases were all risk factors for frailty. Further research will be needed to identify additional frailty risk factors in order to better treat and prevent frailty in the community.
We systematically study the semileptonic decays of ... in the light-front constituent quark model, where Bc represents the antitriplet charmed baryons of ... corresponds to the octet ones. We ...determine the spin-flavor structures of the constituents in the baryons with the Fermi statistics and calculate the decay branching ratios (Bs) and averaged asymmetry parameters (αs) with the helicity formalism. In particular, we find that ... Our results agree with the current experimental data. Our prediction for ... is consistent with those in the literature, which can be measured by the charm facilities, such as BESIII and BELLE. Some of our results for the ... semileptonic channels can be tested by the experiments at BELLE as well as the ongoing ones at LHCb and BELLEII.(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)
1We give a systematic study of Bc → BnV decays, where Bc and Bn correspond to the antitriplet charmed and octet baryons, respectively, while V stands for the vector mesons. We calculate the ...color-symmetric contributions to the decays from the effective Hamiltonian with the factorization approach and extract the antisymmetric ones based on the experimental measurements and SU(3)F flavor symmetry. We find that most of the existing experimental data for Bc → BnV are consistent with our fitting results. We present all the branching ratios of the Cabibbo allowed, singly Cabibbo suppressed, and doubly Cabibbo suppressed decays of Bc → BnV . The decay parameters for the daughter baryons and mesons in Bc → BnV are also evaluated. In particular, we point out that the Cabibbo allowed decays of Λ+c → Λ0ρ+ and Ξ0c → Ξ−ρ+ as well as the singly Cabibbo suppressed ones of Λ+c → Λ0K*+, Ξ+c → Σ+ϕ, and Ξ0c → Ξ−K*+ have large branching ratios and decay parameters with small uncertainties, which can be tested by the experimental searches at the charm facilities.
We study the three-body antitriplet Bc→BnMM′ decays with the SU(3) flavor SU(3)f symmetry, where Bc denotes the charmed baryon antitriplet of (Ξc0,−Ξc+,Λc+), and Bn and M(M′) represent baryon and ...meson octets, respectively. By considering only the S-wave MM′-pair contributions without resonance effects, the decays of Bc→BnMM′ can be decomposed into irreducible forms with 11 parameters under SU(3)f, which are fitted by the 14 existing data, resulting in a reasonable value of χ2/d.o.f.=2.8 for the fit. Consequently, we find that the triangle sum rule of A(Λc+→nK¯0π+)−A(Λc+→pK−π+)−2A(Λc+→pK¯0π0)=0 given by the isospin symmetry holds under SU(3)f, where A stands for the decay amplitude. In addition, we predict that B(Λc+→nπ+K¯0)=(0.9±0.8)×10−2, which is 3–4 times smaller than the BESIII observation, indicating the existence of the resonant states. For the to-be-observed Bc→BnMM′ decays, we compute the branching fractions with the SU(3)f amplitudes to be compared to the BESIII and LHCb measurements in the future.
We investigate some consequences if neutrinoless double beta decays ( 0νββs ) of nuclei are dominated by short range interactions. To illustrate our results, we assume that 0 ν β β s proceed mainly ...through short range interactions involving two-W-boson exchanges and confine ourselves to only include new scalars without new gauge interactions for the SM fermions. For the neutrino mass problem, we propose to solve it by adopting that the light neutrinos have predominantly Dirac masses and the small Majorana masses induced by the new scalars render them quasi-Dirac particles. This particular aspect of neutrinos may be detectable in the next generations of neutrino oscillation experiments and/or neutrino telescope. If so this opens a new connection between 0νββ and neutrino physics. We also note the new physics signals such as the high charged states that can be explored in hadron colliders. In particular, we find that a high energy e−e− will be very useful in testing the origin of lepton number violation, which complements the 0νββ studies.
A
bstract
We study the semileptonic and non-leptonic charmed baryon decays with SU(3) flavor symmetry, where the charmed baryons can be
B
c
= (Ξ
c
0
, Ξ
c
+
, Λ
c
+
),
B
c
′
= (
Σ
c
(++,+,0)
, Ξ
c
...′ (+,0)
, Ω
c
0
),
B
cc
= (Ξ
cc
+ +
, Ξ
cc
+
, Ω
c
+
) or
B
cc
= Ω
ccc
+ +
. With
B
n
(′)
denoted as the baryon octet (decuplet), we find that the
B
c
→
B
n
′
ℓ
+
ν
ℓ
decays are forbidden, while the Ω
c
0
→ Ω
−
ℓ
+
ν
ℓ
, Ω
cc
+
→ Ω
c
0
ℓ
+
ν
ℓ
, and Ω
ccc
+ +
→ Ω
cc
+
ℓ
+
ν
ℓ
decays are the only existing Cabibbo- allowed modes for
B
c
′
→
B
n
′
ℓ
+
ν
ℓ
,
B
cc
→
B
c
′
ℓ
+
ν
ℓ
, and
B
ccc
→
B
cc
(′)
ℓ
+
ν
ℓ
, respectively. We predict the rarely studied
B
c
→
B
n
(′)
M
decays, such as
ℬ
Ξ
c
0
→
Λ
0
K
¯
0
,
Ξ
c
+
→
Ξ
0
π
+
=
8.3
±
0.9
,
8.0
±
4.1
×
10
−
3
and
ℬ
Λ
c
+
→
Δ
+
+
π
−
,
Ξ
c
0
→
Ω
−
K
+
=
5.5
±
1.3
,
4.8
±
0.5
×
10
−
3
. For the observation, the doubly and triply charmed baryon decays of
Ω
cc
+
→
Ξ
c
+
K
¯
0
,
Ξ
cc
+
+
→
Ξ
c
+
π
+
,
Σ
c
+
+
K
¯
0
,
and
Ω
c
c
c
+
+
→
Ξ
cc
+
+
K
¯
0
,
Ω
cc
+
π
+
,
Ξ
c
+
D
+
are the favored Cabibbo-allowed decays, which are accessible to the BESIII and LHCb experiments.
We study the charmless two-body decays of b baryons (Λb, Ξb−, Ξb0). We find that B(Ξb−→Λρ−)=(2.08−0.51+0.69)×10−6 and B(Ξb0→Σ+M−)=(4.45−1.09+1.46,11.49−2.9+3.8,4.69−0.79+1.11,2.98−0.51+0.76)×10−6 for ...M−=(π−,ρ−,K−,K*−), which are compatible with B(Λb→pπ−,pK−). We also obtain that B(Λb→Λω)=(2.30±0.10)×10−6, B(Ξb−→Ξ−ϕ,Ξ−ω)≃B(Ξb0→Ξ0ϕ,Ξ0ω)=(5.35±0.41,3.65±0.16)×10−6 and B(Ξb−→Ξ−η(′))≃B(Ξb0→Ξ0η(′))=(2.51−0.46+0.70,2.99−0.57+1.16)×10−6. For the CP-violating asymmetries, we show that ACP(Λb→pK*−)=ACP(Ξb−→Σ0(Λ)K*−)=ACP(Ξb0→Σ+K*−)=(19.7±1.4)%. Similar to the charmless two-body Λb decays, the Ξb decays are accessible to the LHCb detector.
The E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) is frequently dysregulated in prostate adenocarcinoma (PC), via either somatic mutations or mRNA downregulation, suggesting an ...important tumour suppressor function. To examine its physiologic role in the prostate epithelium in vivo, we generated mice with prostate-specific biallelic ablation of Spop. These mice exhibited increased prostate mass, prostate epithelial cell proliferation, and expression of c-MYC protein compared to littermate controls, and eventually developed prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). We found that SPOP
can physically interact with c-MYC protein and, upon exogenous expression in vitro, can promote c-MYC ubiquitination and degradation. This effect was attenuated in PC cells by introducing PC-associated SPOP mutants or upon knockdown of SPOP via short-hairpin-RNA, suggesting that SPOP inactivation directly increases c-MYC protein levels. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed enrichment of Myc-induced genes in transcriptomic signatures associated with SPOP
. Likewise, we observed strong inverse correlation between c-MYC activity and SPOP mRNA levels in two independent PC patient cohorts. The core SPOP
;MYC
transcriptomic response, defined by the overlap between the SPOP
and c-MYC transcriptomic programmes, was also associated with inferior clinical outcome in human PCs. Finally, the organoid-forming capacity of Spop-null murine prostate cells was more sensitive to c-MYC inhibition than that of Spop-WT cells, suggesting that c-MYC upregulation functionally contributes to the proliferative phenotype of Spop knock-out prostates. Taken together, our data highlight SPOP as an important regulator of luminal epithelial cell proliferation and c-MYC expression in prostate physiology, identify c-MYC as a novel bona fide SPOP substrate, and help explain the frequent inactivation of SPOP in human PC. We propose SPOP
-induced stabilization of c-MYC protein as a novel mechanism that can increase total c-MYC levels in PC cells, in addition to amplification of c-MYC locus.
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