Protein energy wasting (PEW) including muscle atrophy is a common complication in chronic hemodialysis patients. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic system causing muscle ...atrophy in chronic kidney disease and proteasome 20S is the catalytic component of the UPS. Circulating proteasome 20S (c20S proteasome) is present in the blood and its level is related to disease severity and prognosis in several disorders. We hypothesized that c20S proteasome could be related with muscle mass, other PEW criteria and their evolution in hemodialysis patients. Stable hemodialysis patients treated at our center for more than 3 months were followed over 2 years. C20S proteasome assay was performed at baseline. Biological and clinical data were collected, muscle mass was assessed by multi-frequency bio-impedancemetry, and nutritional scores were calculated at baseline, 1 year and 2 years. Hospitalizations and mortality data were collected over the 2 years. Forty-nine patients were included. At baseline, the c20S proteasome level was 0.400.26-0.55 mug/ml. Low muscle mass as defined by a lean tissue index (LTI) 10th in accordance with the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism guidelines was observed in 36% and PEW in 62%. Increased c20S proteasome levels were related with LTI at baseline (R = 0.43, p = 0.004) and with its 2 year-variation (R = -0.56, p = 0.003). Two-year survival rate was not different between higher and lower c20S proteasome values (78.9 vs 78.4%, p = 0.98 log-rank test). C20S proteasome is not a good marker for assessing nutritional status in hemodialysis patients and predicting patient outcomes.
The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns modified work environments, lifestyles, and food consumption. Eating habits and mood changes in a French population during the first lockdown were ...examined using an online self-reported questionnaire with REDCap software through the COVISTRESS.ORG website. In 671 French participants, the main changes during lockdown were increased stress levels (64 23; 86 vs. 3 0; 18) and sedentary behavior (7 4; 9 vs. 5 3; 8 hours per day), a deterioration in sleep quality (50 27; 83 vs. 70 48; 94) and mood (50 30; 76 vs. 78 50; 92), and less physical activity (2.0 0.5; 5.0 vs. 3.5 2.0; 6.0). Mood was modified, with more anger (56 39; 76 vs. 31 16; 50), more sadness (50 34; 72 vs. 28 16; 50), more agitation (50 25; 66 vs. 43 20; 50), and more boredom (32 7; 60 vs. 14 3; 29). A total of 25% of the participants increased their consumption of alcoholic beverages, 29% their consumption of sugary foods, and 26% their consumption of cocktail snacks. A multiple-correspondence analysis highlights four different profiles according to changes in eating habits, food consumption, lifestyle, and mood. In conclusion, eating habits and lifestyle changes during lockdown periods should be carefully monitored to promote healthy behaviors.
Independently of absolute BMI values, the amount, onset date, and duration of early body weight gain may influence cardio-metabolic health later in adulthood. Values of cardiac and metabolic ...variables from a cohort study of morbidly obese patients were retrospectively analyzed to study the association between early weight history and metabolic syndrome (MetS) occurrence in adults. Of 950 patients with severe morbid obesity (age 44.3 ± 13.8 y, BMI 42.5 ± 7.0 kg/m
), 31.4% had started excess weight gain in childhood (CH), 19.9% in adolescence (ADO), and 48.7% in adulthood (AD). Despite different BMI values, MetS prevalence (57.8%) was not significantly different in the three groups (54.4% CH vs. 57.7% ADO vs. 59.8% AD,
= 0.59). The overweight onset period was not significantly associated with the development of MetS in adults (ADO: OR = 1.14 0.69-1.92,
= 0.60; AD: OR = 0.99 0.62-1.56,
= 0.95) despite a higher BMI in the early obesity onset group. Weight gain of more than 50% after age 18 years significantly increased the risk of MetS (OR = 1.75 1.07-2.88,
= 0.026). In addition to crude BMI values, analysis of body mass trajectories is a relevant clinical tool in the assessment of metabolic risk, suggesting that the magnitude of weight gain may be more important for metabolic syndrome progression than the period of obesity onset.
Protein energy wasting (PEW) including muscle atrophy is a common complication in chronic hemodialysis patients. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic system causing muscle ...atrophy in chronic kidney disease and proteasome 20S is the catalytic component of the UPS. Circulating proteasome 20S (c20S proteasome) is present in the blood and its level is related to disease severity and prognosis in several disorders. We hypothesized that c20S proteasome could be related with muscle mass, other PEW criteria and their evolution in hemodialysis patients. Stable hemodialysis patients treated at our center for more than 3 months were followed over 2 years. C20S proteasome assay was performed at baseline. Biological and clinical data were collected, muscle mass was assessed by multi-frequency bio-impedancemetry, and nutritional scores were calculated at baseline, 1 year and 2 years. Hospitalizations and mortality data were collected over the 2 years. Forty-nine patients were included. At baseline, the c20S proteasome level was 0.40 0.26-0.55 mu g/ml. Low muscle mass as defined by a lean tissue index (LTI) < 10th in accordance with the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism guidelines was observed in 36% and PEW in 62%. Increased c20S proteasome levels were related with LTI at baseline (R = 0.43, p = 0.004) and with its 2 year-variation (R = -0.56, p = 0.003). Two-year survival rate was not different between higher and lower c20S proteasome values (78.9 vs 78.4%, p = 0.98 log-rank test). C20S proteasome is not a good marker for assessing nutritional status in hemodialysis patients and predicting patient outcomes.
Hemorrhage occurs in 7–10% of patients treated with vitamin K antagonist (VKA), with major bleeding in 1–3%. Impact of nutritional status on the bleeding risk of patients on anticoagulants is still ...poorly documented. Our study aimed to analyze the link between the nutritional status of patients on VKA and the occurrence of hemorrhagic events. We also analyzed micronutrients status.
A case–control, monocentric, and prospective study was conducted from August 2012 to October 2015. The case patients were those presenting with major bleeding and control patients those without any bleeding under VKA treatment.
Overall, 294 patients under VKA treatment were paired according to age, gender, and index normalized ratio (INR). Out of these, 98 (33.3%) had major bleeding and 196 (66.7%) did not have any bleeding. Additionally, more than two-thirds of patients displayed undernutrition, which was more prevalent in bleeding than non-bleeding patients (OR = 1.85, CI95%: 1.07–3.21). There was a higher bleeding risk for those with severe undernutrition (OR = 2.66, CI95%: 1.58–4.46), with no difference found concerning moderate undernutrition. Bleeding patients had lower plasma-zinc concentrations than non-bleeding patients (9.4 ± 3.6 vs. 10.5 ± 3.7 μmol/L, p = 0.003); among them, there was a higher rate of patients with plasma zinc under 5 μmol/L (9% vs. 2%, p < 0.001).
Patients with undernutrition on VKA exhibit a significantly higher bleeding risk, which increases three-fold in case of severe undernutrition. The evaluation of nutritional status provides additional, valuable prognosis information prior to initiating VKA therapy.
NCT 01742871.
La dénutrition chez le patient obèse, à l’instar du patient non obèse, expose à de nombreuses conséquences cliniques et aboutit à un accroissement de la morbi-mortalité mais reste fortement ...sous-estimée. Il est donc impératif de la prévenir, de la dépister et de la prendre en charge le plus tôt possible surtout chez les patients à risque ou fragilisés par une maladie chronique. Cependant, la définition et les critères de diagnostic de la dénutrition destinés aux sujets adultes non obèses sont mis en défaut en raison des particularités cliniques, morphologiques et biologiques liées à l’adiposité excessive. Dans un domaine où il n’existe pas de consensus, cette synthèse a pour objectif de souligner les difficultés d’appréciation de la dénutrition dans cette circonstance et d’apporter des éclaircissements sur les paramètres de l’évaluation de la dénutrition et leurs limites en situation d’obésité.
Undernutrition in the obese patient, like the non-obese patient, has numerous clinical consequences and leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality, but it is still underestimated. It is therefore imperative to prevent, detect and manage it as early as possible especially in patients at risk or weakened by a chronic disease. However, the definition and diagnostic criteria for undernutrition in non-obese adult subjects are flawed due to the clinical, morphological and biological characteristics associated with excessive adiposity. In an area where there is no consensus, the aim of this review is to highlight the difficulties in assessing undernutrition in this circumstance and to clarify the parameters of undernutrition assessment and their limits in the situation of obesity.
Les maladies cardiovasculaires sont une des premières causes de morbi-mortalité dans la population âgée. Nous avons évalué l’adéquation des prescriptions (« sur » et « sous » prescription) au regard ...de l’outil STOPP-START.
Un échantillon de 100 patients âgés, hospitalisés soit en service de spécialité cardiovasculaire (médecine ou chirurgie) ou dans les différents secteurs composant la filière gériatrique (hôpital de jour, court ou moyen séjour, EHPAD), a été considéré. Leurs prescriptions médicamenteuses à l’admission ont été analysées.
Huit cent soixante-quatorze prescriptions médicales ont été étudiées. Pour 65 % des patients, de 5 à 10 médicaments étaient prescrits et pour 28 % plus de 10. Plus de la moitié des patients (54 %) avaient au moins une prescription potentiellement inappropriée (PPI) selon STOPP. Parmi eux, 48 % des prescriptions comportaient 1 PPI, 41 % 2 et 11 % 3 ou plus. L’omission d’au moins une prescription selon START concernait 57 % de l’échantillon. Parmi eux, 46 % avaient une omission, 44 % 2 à 3 omissions et 10 % 4 omissions ou plus. Le système cardiovasculaire était le plus concerné par les PPI. Si 28,1 % des PPI, selon les critères STOPP, concernaient des médicaments cardiovasculaires, l’omission de prescription, selon les critères START, s’élevait à 41,8 %. Il n’a été observé aucune différence significative entre les différents services. Il y avait effet ni de l’âge ni du sexe sur l’incidence des PPI (p>0,20) ou le fait d’être polymédiqué (p=0,44). Selon les critères STOPP-A, la prescription des antiagrégants plaquettaires (indication et dose) était identifiée. L’omission de prescription concernait principalement les antiagrégants plaquettaires et les statines en présence d’une athéromatose, les anticoagulants et antiagrégants en présence d’une fibrillation auriculaire permanente et les inhibiteurs de l’enzyme de conversion après un infarctus du myocarde ou en cas d’insuffisance cardiaque.
Les prescriptions médicamenteuses potentiellement inappropriées étaient très fréquentes chez les patients âgés atteints de maladies cardiovasculaires. Elles concernaient autant le défaut de prescription de médicaments ayant un bénéfice potentiel important que la prescription de médicaments inadaptés aux pathologies et/ou caractéristiques du patient.
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. We evaluated the adequacy of prescribing (miss and under used) with respect to STOPP-START criteria.
A sample of 100 patients hospitalized in cardiovascular specialty divisions (medicine or surgery) or in the different sectors making up the geriatric network (day-care hospital, short or rehabilitation ward, nursing home) has been considered. Drug prescriptions at the admission time were analysed.
Eight hundred and seventy-four prescriptions were analysed. In 65% of patients, from 5 to 10 medications were prescribed and in 28% over 10. Fifty-four percent of patients had, at least, one potentially inappropriate prescription (PIP) by STOPP. Among them, 48% of PIP prescriptions contained 1, 41% 2 and 11% 3 or more. The omission of one medication according to START criteria concerned 57% of the sample. Among them, 46% had one omission, 44% 2 to 3 and 10% 4 omissions or over. The cardiovascular system is the one most concerned by the PIP. Whether 28.1% of the PIP by STOPP criteria concerned cardiovascular drugs, the omission of prescription, according to START criteria, was 41.8%. There was no significant difference between the different settings studied. There was no effect of age or sex on the impact of PIP (P>0.20) or being polymédiqué (P=0.44). According to the criteria STOPP-A, the prescription of antiplatelet (indication and dose) was highlighted. Prescribing omission also concerned antiplatelet agents but also statins in patients with atherosclerosis as well as antiplatelet and anticoagulant in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) after myocardial infarction or with chronic heart failure.
Potentially inappropriate prescribing medications were very common in elderly patients with cardiovascular conditions. They concerned as much as underusing of important drugs with potential benefits and prescribing commission of treatment that did not fit with patients’ comorbidities and/or characteristics.
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. We evaluated the adequacy of prescribing (miss and under used) with respect to STOPP-START criteria.
A ...sample of 100 patients hospitalized in cardiovascular specialty divisions (medicine or surgery) or in the different sectors making up the geriatric network (day-care hospital, short or rehabilitation ward, nursing home) has been considered. Drug prescriptions at the admission time were analysed.
Eight hundred and seventy-four prescriptions were analysed. In 65% of patients, from 5 to 10 medications were prescribed and in 28% over 10. Fifty-four percent of patients had, at least, one potentially inappropriate prescription (PIP) by STOPP. Among them, 48% of PIP prescriptions contained 1, 41% 2 and 11% 3 or more. The omission of one medication according to START criteria concerned 57% of the sample. Among them, 46% had one omission, 44% 2 to 3 and 10% 4 omissions or over. The cardiovascular system is the one most concerned by the PIP. Whether 28.1% of the PIP by STOPP criteria concerned cardiovascular drugs, the omission of prescription, according to START criteria, was 41.8%. There was no significant difference between the different settings studied. There was no effect of age or sex on the impact of PIP (P>0.20) or being polymédiqué (P=0.44). According to the criteria STOPP-A, the prescription of antiplatelet (indication and dose) was highlighted. Prescribing omission also concerned antiplatelet agents but also statins in patients with atherosclerosis as well as antiplatelet and anticoagulant in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) after myocardial infarction or with chronic heart failure.
Potentially inappropriate prescribing medications were very common in elderly patients with cardiovascular conditions. They concerned as much as underusing of important drugs with potential benefits and prescribing commission of treatment that did not fit with patients' comorbidities and/or characteristics.
PDF
