In this work, we describe the optical properties of the single photoelectron (SPE) calibration system designed for NectarCAM, a camera proposed for the Medium Sized Telescopes (MST) of the Cherenkov ...Telescope Array (CTA). One of the goals of the SPE system, as integral part of the NectarCAM camera, consists in measuring with high accuracy the gain of its photo-detection chain. The SPE system is based on a white painted screen where light pulses are injected through a fishtail light guide from a dedicated flasher. The screen – placed 15 mm away from the focal plane – is mounted on an XY motorization that allows movements over all the camera plane. This allows in-situ measurements of the SPE spectra via a complete scan of the 1855 photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) of NectarCAM. This calibration process will enable the reduction of the systematic uncertainties on the energy reconstruction of γ-rays coming from distant astronomical sources and detected by CTA.
We discuss the design of the screen used in the calibration system and we present its optical performances in terms of light homogeneity and timing of the signal.
In this work, we describe the optical properties of the single photoelectron (SPE) calibration system designed for NectarCAM, a camera proposed for the Medium Sized Telescopes (MST) of the Cherenkov ...Telescope Array (CTA). One of the goals of the SPE system, as integral part of the NectarCAM camera, consists in measuring with high accuracy the gain of its photo-detection chain. The SPE system is based on a white painted screen where light pulses are injected through a fishtail light guide from a dedicated flasher. The screen - placed 15 mm away from the focal plane - is mounted on an XY motorization that allows movements over all the camera plane. This allows in-situ measurements of the SPE spectra via a complete scan of the 1855 photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) of NectarCAM. This calibration process will enable the reduction of the systematic uncertainties on the energy reconstruction of \(\gamma\)-rays coming from distant astronomical sources and detected by CTA.
The REHABase project is a French observational, prospective, and multicenter cohort study of serious mental illness and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), launched in 2016 for a planned minimum duration ...of 15 years. The aim is to characterize the care and quality-of-life needs of participants. This article presents initial results from data collection.
Psychosocial, cognitive, and functional data were collected at baseline, annually, and after rehabilitation care. Data from the baseline evaluation on diagnoses, medications, well-being, insight, life satisfaction, and care needs are presented. The clinical profiles of REHABase participants with serious mental illness or ASD were assessed in relation to their level of satisfaction with life and well-being in nine life dimensions and their needs, according to their stage of recovery in a five-stage model.
Baseline data were collected for 1,397 participants between January 2016 and August 2018. Main diagnoses were schizophrenia spectrum disorder (49%); ASD (13%); and personality (12%), bipolar (9%), and major depressive (6%) disorders. More than 50% of participants reported needs for care or interventions in four of nine dimensions: employment, cognitive functioning, symptom management, and interpersonal relationships. Nearly half of participants were not in the active stages of recovery (stages 4 and 5), and even those considered to have reached the final stage continued to require help in several areas.
Most participants had already received psychiatric care for several years, and most remained dissatisfied with their social and emotional life and their psychological well-being.
Mobile intensive care units frequently manage unplanned out-of-hospital births (UOHB). Rewarming methods during pre-hospital management of UOHB have not yet been compared. The aim was to compare ...rewarming methods used during pre-hospital management in a large prospective cohort of UOHB in France.
We analysed UOHB from the prospective AIE cohort from 25 prehospital emergency medical services in France. The primary outcome was the change in body temperature from arrival at scene to arrival at hospital.
From 2011 to 2018, 1854 UOHB were recorded, of whom 520 were analysed. We found that using incubator care was the most effective rewarming method (+ 0.8 °C during transport), followed by the combination of plastic bag, skin-to-skin and cap (+ 0.2 °C). The associations plastic bag + cap and skin-to-skin + cap did not allow the newborn to be warmed up but rather to maintain initial temperature (+ 0.0 °C). The results of the multivariate model were consistent with these observations, with better rewarming with the use of an incubator. We also identified circumstances of increased risk of hypothermia according to classification and regression tree, like premature birth (< 37 weeks of gestation) and/or low outside temperature (< 8.4 °C).
Using an incubator was the most effective rewarming method during pre-hospital management of UOHB in our French prospective cohort. Based on our model, in cases of term less than 37 weeks of gestation or between 37 and 40 weeks with a low outside temperature or initial hypothermia, using such a method would be preferred.
We selected twenty genes from the "Top Results" list on the AlzGene database website and assessed their association with risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a large, genome-wide ...association study (using 526 SNPs from 2,032 AD cases and 5,328 controls) performed in France. The APOE, CLU, PICALM, and CR1 loci were excluded, since they had already been extensively analyzed. Ten genes/loci (TFAM, SORL1, CHRNB2, SORCS1, DAPK1, MTHFR, GWA 14q32.13, BDNF, NEDD9, and CH25H) showed weak nominal association with AD risk, in line with previous studies. In the remaining ten genes/loci (TNK1, ACE, CST3, IL1B, hCG2039140, PRNP, GAB2, LOC651924, IL1A, and TF), no single nucleotide polymorphisms were associated in our dataset. Of the genes showing nominal association in our cohorts, TFAM and CHRNB2 appear particularly interesting and warrant further genetic and functional follow-up analyses.
Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant sweat gland tumor, representing less than 0.01% of all cutaneous neoplasms, with eccrin differentiation. Its acrosynringeal origin and physiopathology still ...remain discussed. The prognosis of this carcinoma is held to be poor with a significant risk of lymph node metastasis and local recurrence. Also, this not specific tumor can be a challenging histological diagnosis, in particular, in Bowenoid variant. We report a case of Bowenoid and keratinizing variant of eccrine porocarcinoma of the left ring finger with pejorative evolution and initial diagnosis of infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma arising in Bowen's disease. The knowledge of these patterns and identification of eccrine differentiation of the tumor are essential for the diagnosis and for adapted therapeutic care.
Importance
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing
Escherichia coli
is considered a leading pathogen contributing to the global burden of antimicrobial resistance.
Objective
To better ...understand factors associated with the heterogeneity of community-acquired ESBL-producing
E coli
urinary tract infections (UTIs) in France.
Design, Setting, and Participants
This cross-sectional study performed from January 1 to December 31, 2021, was based on data collected via PRIMO (Surveillance and Prevention of Antimicrobial Resistance in Primary Care and Nursing Homes), a nationwide clinical laboratory surveillance system in France. Strains of
E coli
isolated from community urine samples from January 1 to December 31, 2019, from 59 administrative departments of metropolitan France were included.
Main Outcomes and Measures
Quasi-Poisson regression models were used to assess the associations between several ecological factors available on government and administration websites between 2010 and 2020 (demographic population structure, living conditions, baseline health care services, antibiotic consumptions, economic indicators, animal farming density, and environmental characteristics) and the number of ESBL-producing
E coli
strains isolated from urine samples of individuals with community-acquired UTI in 2019.
Results
Among 444 281
E coli
isolates from urine samples tested in 1013 laboratories, the mean prevalence of ESBL-producing
E coli
was 3.0% (range, 1.4%-8.8%). In an adjusted model, the number of community-acquired ESBL-producing
E coli
UTIs in each department was positively associated with the percentage of children younger than 5 years (adjusted β
1
coefficient, 0.112 95% CI, 0.040-0.185;
P
= .004), overcrowded households (adjusted β
1
coefficient, 0.049 95% CI, 0.034 to 0.062;
P
< .001), consumption of fluoroquinolones (adjusted β
1
coefficient, 0.002 95% CI, 0.001-0.002;
P
< .001), and tetracyclines (adjusted β
1
coefficient, 0.0002 0.00004 to 0.00039;
P
= .02), and poultry density (adjusted β
1
coefficient, 0.0001 95% CI, 0.0001-0.0002;
P
< .001). The social deprivation index (adjusted β
1
coefficient, −0.115 95% CI, −0.165 to −0.064;
P
< .001) and the proportion of water surface area (adjusted β
1
coefficient, −0.052 −0.081 to −0.024;
P
= .001) were negatively associated with a higher number of community-acquired ESBL-producing
E coli
UTIs.
Conclusions and Relevance
The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that multiple human health, animal health, and environmental factors are associated with the occurence of community-acquired ESBL
E coli
UTI. Strategies to mitigate ESBL in the community should follow the One Health approach and address the role played by fluoroquinolones, tetracycline use, poultry density, overcrowded households, and preschool-aged children.
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