Weak decays of the vector Formula omitted and Formula omitted mesons to the Formula omitted final state provide novel potential to test the Standard Model of particle physics. Such processes have ...extremely small branching fractions as the vector mesons are able to decay through electromagnetic and (for the Formula omitted meson) strong interactions. Nonetheless, the production of copious quantities of these particles in LHC collisions, and the ability to exploit experimental techniques that can suppress background to low levels, provides good potential to reach interesting sensitivity. The possibility to reconstruct these processes as part of the decay chain of Formula omitted or Formula omitted mesons appears particularly attractive due to the clean experimental signature of the displaced vertex. Indeed, published LHCb data on Formula omitted decays already implies a stringent limit on the branching fraction of Formula omitted. Estimates are made on the achievable sensitivity to Formula omitted and Formula omitted decays with the LHCb experiment.
Abstract
Weak decays of the vector
$${{D} ^*} ^0$$
D
∗
0
and
$${{B} ^{*0}_{({s})}} $$
B
(
s
)
∗
0
mesons to the
$${\mu ^+\mu ^-} $$
μ
+
μ
-
final state provide novel potential to test the Standard ...Model of particle physics. Such processes have extremely small branching fractions as the vector mesons are able to decay through electromagnetic and (for the
$${{D} ^*} ^0$$
D
∗
0
meson) strong interactions. Nonetheless, the production of copious quantities of these particles in LHC collisions, and the ability to exploit experimental techniques that can suppress background to low levels, provides good potential to reach interesting sensitivity. The possibility to reconstruct these processes as part of the decay chain of
$${{{B} ^-}} $$
B
-
or
$${{B} _{c} ^+} $$
B
c
+
mesons appears particularly attractive due to the clean experimental signature of the displaced vertex. Indeed, published LHCb data on
$${{{B} ^-}} \rightarrow {{\pi } ^-} {\mu ^+\mu ^-} $$
B
-
→
π
-
μ
+
μ
-
decays already implies a stringent limit on the branching fraction of
$${{D} ^{*0}} \rightarrow {\mu ^+\mu ^-} $$
D
∗
0
→
μ
+
μ
-
. Estimates are made on the achievable sensitivity to
$${{D} ^{*0}} \rightarrow {\mu ^+\mu ^-} $$
D
∗
0
→
μ
+
μ
-
and
$${{B} ^{*0}_{({s})}} \rightarrow {\mu ^+\mu ^-} $$
B
(
s
)
∗
0
→
μ
+
μ
-
decays with the LHCb experiment.
This paper reports world averages of measurements of
b
-hadron,
c
-hadron, and
τ
-lepton properties obtained by the Heavy Flavour Averaging Group using results available through September 2018. In ...rare cases, significant results obtained several months later are also used. For the averaging, common input parameters used in the various analyses are adjusted (rescaled) to common values, and known correlations are taken into account. The averages include branching fractions, lifetimes, neutral meson mixing parameters,
C
P
violation parameters, parameters of semileptonic decays, and Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix elements.
Siah-1 Binds and Regulates the Function of Numb Susini, Laurent; Passer, Brent J.; Amzallag-Elbaz, Nathalie ...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS,
12/2001, Letnik:
98, Številka:
26
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Drosophila Seven in absentia (Sina) gene product originally was described as a protein that controls cell fate decisions during eye development. Its mammalian homolog, Siah-1, recently was found ...to be involved in p53-dependent and -independent pathways of apoptosis and G1arrest. We report that Siah-1 interacts directly with and promotes the degradation of the cell fate regulator Numb. Siah-1-mediated Numb degradation leads to redistribution of endogenous cell-surface Notch to the cytoplasm and nucleus and to augmented Notch-regulated transcriptional activity. These data imply that through its ability to target Numb for degradation, Siah-1 can act as a key regulator of Numb-related activities, including Notch signaling.
Purpose: To examine perceived stigma, coping, disclosure, and self-esteem among adolescents with lesbian mothers.
Method: Interviews were conducted with 76 adolescents ages 11–18 years. Standardized ...measures of self-esteem and coping skills were used. A measure of stigma was adapted for this study and a measure of disclosure was developed. The relationship between perceived stigma and self-esteem was examined. General coping skills and level of disclosure about the adolescents’ mothers’ sexual orientation were assessed as potential moderators of the relationship between perceived stigma and self-esteem.
Results: Adolescents who perceived more stigma had lower self-esteem in five of seven self-esteem areas, compared to those who perceived less stigma. In addition, coping skills moderated the effect of stigma on self-esteem in three self-esteem areas. However, only one subtype of coping skills, that of decision-making coping, was found to moderate the relationship of perceived stigma and self-esteem in such a way that adolescents using more decision-making coping had higher self-esteem in the face of high perceived stigma. For social support coping, in the face of high perceived stigma, the adolescents with more effective coping skills had lower self-esteem. In the face of high perceived stigma, adolescents who disclosed more about their mother’s sexual orientation had higher self-esteem in the subscale of close friendship than those who disclosed less.
Conclusions: Results suggest that stigma is related to self-esteem among the adolescent children of lesbian mothers. The results indicate that this relationship is moderated by coping skills. These results have implications for intervention and prevention of stigmatization by the establishment of effective coping skills as well as through educational efforts to eradicate stigmatizing attitudes.
Two of the most powerful methods currently used to determine the angle γ of the CKM Unitarity Triangle exploit B+→DK+, D→KS0π+π− decays and B0→DK+π−, D→K+K−, π+π− decays. It is possible to combine ...the strengths of both approaches in a “double Dalitz plot” analysis of B0→DK+π−, D→KS0π+π− decays. The potential sensitivity of such an analysis is investigated in the light of recently published experimental information on the B0→DK+π− decay. The formalism is also expanded, compared to previous discussions in the literature, to allow B0→DK+π− with any subsequent D decay to be included.
Neuroectodermal tumor cells, like neural crest (NC) cells, are pluripotent, proliferative, and migratory. We tested the hypothesis that genetic programs essential to NC development are activated in ...neuroectodermal tumors. We examined the expression of transcription factors PAX3, PAX7, AP-2α, and SOX10 in human embryos and neuroectodermal tumors: neurofibroma, schwannoma, neuroblastoma, malignant nerve sheath tumor, melanoma, medulloblastoma, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and Ewing's sarcoma. We also examined the expression of P0, ERBB3, and STX, targets of SOX10, AP-2α, and PAX3, respectively. PAX3, AP-2α, and SOX10 were expressed sequentially in human NC development, whereas PAX7 was restricted to mesoderm. Tumors expressed PAX3, AP-2α, SOX10, and PAX7 in specific combinations. SOX10 and AP-2α were expressed in relatively differentiated neoplasms. The early NC marker, PAX3, and its homologue, PAX7, were detected in poorly differentiated tumors and tumors with malignant potential. Expression of NC transcription factors and target genes correlated. Transcription factors essential to NC development are thus present in neuroectodermal tumors. Correlation of specific NC transcription factors with phenotype, and with expression of specific downstream genes, provides evidence that these transcription factors actively influence gene expression and tumor behavior. These findings suggest that PAX3, PAX7, AP-2α, and SOX10 are potential markers of prognosis and targets for therapeutic intervention.
Review of Particle Physics Barnett, R M; Beringer, J; Dahl, O ...
Progress of theoretical and experimental physics,
2020, Letnik:
2020, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,324 new measurements from 878 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured ...properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on High Energy Soft QCD and Diffraction and one on the Determination of CKM Angles from B Hadrons.
The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 98 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings.
The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print and as a web version optimized for use on phones as well as an Android app.
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