Multisensory integration in C. elegans Ghosh, D Dipon; Nitabach, Michael N; Zhang, Yun ...
Current opinion in neurobiology,
04/2017, Letnik:
43
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Highlights • C. elegans performs multisensory integration. • C. elegans nervous system uses polymodal sensory neurons or combination of different sensory neurons to perceive multisensory cues. • C. ...elegans nervous system uses circuit motifs of defined properties, such as coincidence detector and hub-and-spoke circuits, to process multisensory integration. • C. elegans nervous system uses neuromodulators to regulate multisensory integration.
Auto target detection and tracking has always been a challenging task for the researchers. The problem becomes worse, if the input video to tracking algorithm is itself unstabilized. This complex ...problem of auto target detection and tracking in an unstabilized video is not well addressed and solved in the literature. An algorithm is developed and presented in this paper to auto-stabilize the video, auto detect the target of interest followed by tracking. Global and local motion vectors are computed in the same algorithm simultaneously for frame stabilization and target tracking respectively. Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF) are used innovatively to compute Global Motion Vector (GMV) and Local Motion Vector (LMV) separately. The algorithm auto-detects the unstabilized parameters if any and stabilizes the video by moving the frame in opposite GMV direction with anti rotation. First four frames are used for detecting and training the target of interest, then only two very recent frames are used for auto-detection of target, hence algorithm is very fast and suitable for online real time applications. The algorithm has been experimentally verified and outperforms with bench marked visual tracking algorithms.
Color detection is used by animals of diverse phyla to navigate colorful natural environments and is thought to require evolutionarily conserved opsin photoreceptor genes. We report that
roundworms ...can discriminate between colors despite the fact that they lack eyes and opsins. Specifically, we found that white light guides
foraging decisions away from a blue-pigment toxin secreted by harmful bacteria. These foraging decisions are guided by specific blue-to-amber ratios of light. The color specificity of color-dependent foraging varies notably among wild
strains, which indicates that color discrimination is ecologically important. We identified two evolutionarily conserved cellular stress response genes required for opsin-independent, color-dependent foraging by
, and we speculate that cellular stress response pathways can mediate spectral discrimination by photosensitive cells and organisms-even by those lacking opsins.
We investigate the propagation of magneto-thermoelastic interaction in an isotropic homogeneous perfectly conducting two-dimensional semi-infinite medium using a new theory of two-temperature ...generalized thermoelasticity with memory-dependent derivative. The bounding surface of the medium is taken as stress free and subjected to a time dependent thermal shock. The combined Laplace-Fourier transform is applied to find the solutions in transform domain. Numerical results of the field variables are presented graphically to discuss the effect of time, space variable and the time-delay for some specific cases. The graphical representation shows that time-delay has significant effect on the distribution on the physical variables.
Abstract
Gas turbines provide a reliable and efficient production of power in both pilot power plants and aircraft propulsion. The operating cost of the modern gas turbines is greatly influenced by ...the durability of hot section components. To cope up with the increasing temperature, there has been an evolution of new generation blade materials. At elevated temperature conditions, thermal stress and resulting deformations can affect the power developed and efficiency. In this paper a finite element simulation has been made on a fixed blade profile to explore various factors affecting the turbine blade. Variety of existing and new generation materials have been considered a under a boundary condition of constant high pressure and high Operating temperature was varied between 1000°C-1400°C. The development of stress and deformation along with the heat flux have been studied for finding the most effective manufacturing alloy for gas turbines.
Abstract
Due to the increasing need to transport fluids, the use of industrial pipes and their sustainability is a crucial aspect to address. The motive of this work is to predict the behaviour of a ...pre-cracked pipeline under internal and external pressure using Finite element simulation. An intermediate range of pressure conditions has been selected to analyse the dispersal of normalized stress intensity factor along a semi elliptical crack front for a predefined crack geometry. This work also presents a comparative study of various piping material behaviour to address a relatively better choice for industrial use. Among the various alloys considered in the analysis Inconel 625 was found to be most appropriate for the pressure range.
The uncapacitated facility location problem is one of choosing sites among a set of candidates in which facilities can be located, so that the demands of a given set of clients are satisfied at ...minimum costs. Applications of neighborhood search methods to this problem have not been reported in the literature. In this paper we first describe and compare several neighborhood structures used by local search to solve this problem. We then describe neighborhood search heuristics based on tabu search and complete local search with memory to solve large instances of the uncapacitated facility location problem. Our computational experiments show that on medium sized problem instances, both these heuristics return solutions with costs within 0.075% of the optimal with execution times that are often several orders of magnitude less than those required by exact algorithms. On large sized instances, the heuristics generate low cost solutions quite fast, and terminate with solutions whose costs are within 0.0345% of each other.
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized extracellular matrix aggregates surrounding distinct neuronal populations and regulating synaptic functions and plasticity. Previous findings showed robust ...PNN decreases in amygdala, entorhinal cortex and prefrontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia (SZ), but not bipolar disorder (BD). These studies were carried out using a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) lectin marker. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the CSPG aggrecan, and 6-sulfated chondroitin sulfate (CS-6) chains highly represented in aggrecan, may contribute to these abnormalities. Antibodies against aggrecan and CS-6 (3B3 and CS56) were used in the amygdala of healthy control, SZ and BD subjects. In controls, aggrecan immunoreactivity (IR) was observed in PNNs and glial cells. Antibody 3B3, but not CS56, also labeled PNNs in the amygdala. In addition, dense clusters of CS56 and 3B3 IR encompassed CS56- and 3B3-IR glia, respectively. In SZ, numbers of aggrecan- and 3B3-IR PNNs were decreased, together with marked reductions of aggrecan-IR glial cells and CS-6 (3B3 and CS56)-IR 'clusters'. In BD, numbers of 3B3-IR PNNs and CS56-IR clusters were reduced. Our findings show disruption of multiple PNN populations in the amygdala of SZ and, more modestly, BD. Decreases of aggrecan-IR glia and CS-6-IR glial 'clusters', in sharp contrast to increases of CSPG/lectin-positive glia previously observed, indicate that CSPG abnormalities may affect distinct glial cell populations and suggest a potential mechanism for PNN decreases. Together, these abnormalities may contribute to a destabilization of synaptic connectivity and regulation of neuronal functions in the amygdala of subjects with major psychoses.
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