BDAQ53 is a readout system and verification framework for hybrid pixel detector readout chips of the RD53 family. These chips are designed for the upgrade of the inner tracking detectors of the ATLAS ...and CMS experiments. BDAQ53 is used in applications where versatility and rapid customization are required, such as in laboratory testing environments, test beam campaigns, and permanent setups for quality control measurements. It consists of custom and commercial hardware, a Python-based software framework, and FPGA firmware. BDAQ53 is developed as open source software with both software and firmware being hosted in a public repository.
Passive CMOS pixel sensors in 150nm CMOS technology offered by LFoundry were designed and assembled into hybrid pixel modules. Advantages of commercial CMOS processes are high throughput at ...comparatively low costs which makes them attractive for the usage of large-area detectors. Further benefits originate from multiple metal layers, metal–insulator–metal capacitors, and polysilicon layers which can be used to enhance the sensor design. Thinned sensors were bump-bonded to the RD53A readout chip and characterized in laboratory environment and with a minimum ionizing 2.5GeV electron beam. Their performance in terms of noise and hit-detection efficiency equals that of conventional planar pixel sensors.
Operational experience of the Belle II pixel detector Wang, B.; Abudinen, F.; Ackermann, K. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
06/2022, Letnik:
1032
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB accelerator has started its physics data taking with the full detector setup in March 2019. It aims to collect 40 times more e+e− collision data compared with ...its predecessor Belle experiment. The Belle II pixel detector (PXD) is based on the Depleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor (DEPFET) technology. The PXD plays an important role in the tracking and vertexing of the Belle II detector. Its two layers are arranged at radii of 14 mm and 22 mm around the interaction point. The sensors are thinned down to 75 μm to minimize multiple scattering, and each module has interconnects and ASICs integrated on the sensor with silicon frames for mechanical support. PXD showed good performance during data taking. It also faces several operational challenges due to the high background level from the SuperKEKB accelerator, such as the damage from beam loss events, the drift in the HV working point due to radiation effect, and the impact of the high background.
Commissioning and performance of the Belle II pixel detector Ye, H.; Abudinen, F.; Ackermann, K. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
01/2021, Letnik:
987
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB energy-asymmetric e+e− collider has completed a series of substantial upgrades and started collecting data in 2019. The experiment is expected to accumulate a ...data set of 50 ab−1 to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model at the intensity frontier. The pixel detector (PXD) of Belle II plays a key role in vertex determination. It has been developed using the DEpleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor (DEPFET) technology, which combines low power consumption in the active pixel area and low intrinsic noise with a very small material budget. In this paper, commissioning and performance of the PXD measured with first collision data are presented.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its rapid progression, combined with the limited treatment options at late ...stages, imposes the need for early detection and aggressive intervention. Based on the knowledge that hepatocarcinogenesis is significantly influenced by histone acetylation, we directed our search for novel HCC therapeutics among histone deacetylation inhibitors (HDACi). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of HDAC1/2 inhibitor Romidepsin in the well-established mouse model of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC.
C56BL/6 mice were treated with Romidepsin at the critical point of 10 months after DEN challenge and their livers were examined 2 months later using histopathology and morphometry. Protein levels were assessed in serum using ELISA and in liver tissues using Western blot and immunohistochemistry (in-situ detection). Gene expression was quantified using real-time PCR.
Romidepsin suppressed cancer progression. This effect was associated with decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of cancer cells. The cell cycle regulator
, the anti-inflammatory molecule PPAR-γ, and the tumor suppressors PTEN and CYLD were upregulated in treated HCC. By contrast, the expression of PI3K, NF-κB p65 and c-Jun was reduced. In line with this result, the levels of two major apoptosis regulators, ie, BAD and the multifunctional protein c-Met, were lower in the blood serum of treated mice compared to the untreated mice with HCC.
These findings suggest that Romidepsin, a drug currently used in the treatment of lymphoma, could also be considered in the management of early-stage HCC.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ( − )-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural antioxidant, on liver and lungs after warm intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Thirty male ...Wistar rats were equally divided into a sham-operation group, an intestinal I/R group and an intestinal I/R group pretreated with EGCG intraperitoneally. Intestinal ischemia was induced by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. Immediately after reperfusion, liver, lung and blood samples were collected and analyzed. Results showed that intestinal I/R increased ( p < 0.05) the levels of aspartate (AST) and alanine (ALT) transaminase in serum to 987 and 752 IU/l, respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) increased ( p < 0.05) in liver to 1.524 nmol/g in the group subjected to intestinal I/R compared to 0.995 nmol/g in the sham operation group. MDA was also increased ( p < 0.05) in lungs to 1.581 nmol/g compared to 0.896 nmol/g in the sham operation group. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) increased ( p < 0.05) in liver, after intestinal I/R, to 5.16 U/g compared to 1.59 U/g in the sham operation group. MPO was also increased ( p < 0.05) in lungs to 3.89 U/g compared to 1.65 U/g in the sham operation group. Pretreatment with EGCG decreased ( p < 0.05) serum levels of AST and ALT to 236 and 178 IU/l, respectively. It also decreased ( p < 0.05) mean MDA levels in liver and lungs to 1.061 and 1.008 nmol/g, respectively, and mean MPO levels in liver and lungs to 1.88 and 1.71 U/g, respectively. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy examinations showed significant alteration in liver and lungs and protection of liver and lung parenchyma in the animals treated with EGCG.
Background/aims
Nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) have made a hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG)‐sparing protocol an attractive approach against hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after liver ...transplantation (LT). However, this approach is considered controversial in patients transplanted for HBV and hepatitis D (HDV) co‐infection.
Material/Methods
All patients transplanted for HBV/HDV cirrhosis were evaluated. After LT, each patient received HBIG + NAs and then continued with NAs prophylaxis. All patients were followed up with HBV serum markers and HBV DNA, while anti‐HDV/HDV RNA was performed in those with HBV recurrence.
Results
A total of 34 recipients were included (22 men, age: 46.7 ± 16 years). After HBIG discontinuation, NAs were received as monoprophylaxis (lamivudine LAM: 2, adefovir AFV: 1, entecavir: 9, tenofovir TDF: 12) or dual prophylaxis (LAM + AFV or TDF: 10 patients). Two (5.8%) of the 34 patients had HBV/HDV recurrence after HBIG withdrawal (median follow‐up: 28 range, 12–58 months). These 2 patients had undetectable HBV DNA at LT. Statistical analysis revealed that those with recurrence had received HBIG for shorter period, compared to those without recurrence (median: 9 vs. 28 months, P = 0.008).
Conclusions
We showed for the first time, to our knowledge, that maintenance therapy with NAs prophylaxis after HBIG discontinuation was effective against HBV/HDV recurrence, but it seems that a longer period of HBIG administration might be needed before it is withdrawn after LT.
Abstract Introduction Renal transplantation is regarded as the optimal treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Despite significant improvements in surgical techniques and ...immunosuppressive therapy, long-term graft survival has not markedly increased over the years, due in part to the occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Patients and Methods Between January 2001 and September 2011, we performed 592 kidney transplantations (214 living and 378 cadaveric donors). All patients received induction therapy with interleukin (IL)-2 monoclonal antibodies or antithymoglobulin (ATG) combined with calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolate mofetil, or mTOR antagonists and steroids. All CMV-seronegative patients and all subjects receiving ATG induction were prescribed prophylactic therapy with ganciclovir—intravenous (IV) for 15 days 2.5 mg/kg BW bid and thereafter oral valgancyclovir once a day. CMV infection was diagnosed using a CMV-PVR of ≥600 copies. We analyzed the time to manifestations of CMV infection, or positive CMV-PCR, patient and graft survival, serum creatinine (Cr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values before and after CMV infection, as well as type of immunosuppression therapy. Results The overall incidences of CMV infection and CMV disease were 76/592 (12.8%) and 23/592 (3.9%), respectively. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) times to positive CMV-PCR and CMV disease were 16.66 ± 23.38 months and 106 ± 61.2 (range, 28–215) days, respectively. Mortality was 1% (6/592) among our whole population, 7.9% (6/76) for CMV-infected, and 26% (6/23) in the CMV disease cohort. Cr and BUN showed no significant differences among the groups. Conclusions CMV infection and CMV disease comprise significant clinical problems, increasing morbidity and mortality. The use of prophylactic anti-CMV treatment is of paramount importance.
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