Background: Neuromuscular and proprioceptive training programs can decrease noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries; however,
they may be difficult to implement within an entire team or the ...community at large.
Hypothesis: A simple on-field alternative warm-up program can reduce noncontact ACL injuries.
Study Design: Randomized controlled trial (clustered); Level of evidence, 1.
Methods: Participating National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I womenâs soccer teams were assigned randomly to intervention
or control groups. Intervention teams were asked to perform the program 3 times per week during the fall 2002 season. All
teams reported athletesâ participation in games and practices and any knee injuries. Injury rates were calculated based on
athlete exposures, expressed as rate per 1000 athlete exposures. A z statistic was used for rate ratio comparisons.
Results: Sixty-one teams with 1435 athletes completed the study (852 control athletes; 583 intervention). The overall anterior cruciate
ligament injury rate among intervention athletes was 1.7 times less than in control athletes (0.199 vs 0.340; P = .198; 41% decrease). Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury rate among intervention athletes was 3.3 times less than
in control athletes (0.057 vs 0.189; P = .066; 70% decrease). No anterior cruciate ligament injuries occurred among intervention athletes during practice versus
6 among control athletes ( P = .014). Game-related noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury rates in intervention athletes were reduced by more than
half (0.233 vs 0.564; P = .218). Intervention athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament injury were significantly less likely to suffer
another anterior cruciate ligament injury compared with control athletes with a similar history ( P = .046 for noncontact injuries).
Conclusion: This program, which focuses on neuromuscular control, appears to reduce the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in
collegiate female soccer players, especially those with a history of anterior cruciate ligament injury.
Keywords:
RCT
ACL
soccer
injuries
We conducted a systematic review to assess the evidence for the effectiveness of stretching as a tool to prevent injuries in sports and to make recommendations for research and prevention.
Without ...language limitations, we searched electronic data bases, including MEDLINE (1966-2002), Current Contents (1997-2002), Biomedical Collection (1993-1999), the Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus, and then identified citations from papers retrieved and contacted experts in the field. Meta-analysis was limited to randomized trials or cohort studies for interventions that included stretching. Studies were excluded that lacked controls, in which stretching could not be assessed independently, or where studies did not include subjects in sporting or fitness activities. All articles were screened initially by one author. Six of 361 identified articles compared stretching with other methods to prevent injury. Data were abstracted by one author and then reviewed independently by three others. Data quality was assessed independently by three authors using a previously standardized instrument, and reviewers met to reconcile substantive differences in interpretation. We calculated weighted pooled odds ratios based on an intention-to-treat analysis as well as subgroup analyses by quality score and study design.
Stretching was not significantly associated with a reduction in total injuries (OR = 0.93, CI 0.78-1.11) and similar findings were seen in the subgroup analyses.
There is not sufficient evidence to endorse or discontinue routine stretching before or after exercise to prevent injury among competitive or recreational athletes. Further research, especially well-conducted randomized controlled trials, is urgently needed to determine the proper role of stretching in sports.
The objective of this study was to present a detailed examination of unintentional injuries in infants < or = 12 months of age treated in emergency departments.
We conducted a retrospective analysis ...of data for infants < or = 12 months of age from the National Electronic Surveillance System-All Injury Program for 2001-2004. Sample weights provided by the National Electronic Surveillance System-All Injury Program were used to make national estimates.
An estimated 1,314,000 injured infants were treated in US emergency departments for nonfatal unintentional injuries during the 4-year period of 2001-2004, approximately 1 infant every 1.5 minutes. Falls were the leading cause of nonfatal unintentional injuries for infants. Overall, the patients were more likely to be male (55.2%) than female (44.8%). Contusions/abrasions were the leading diagnosis overall (26.7%). Contusion/abrasion, laceration, hematoma, foreign-body, and puncture injuries occurred most frequently to the head or neck region. More than one third of fractures (37.2%) were to the arm or hand. Bed was the product most frequently noted as being involved in the injury event for every age except 2 and 12 months (car seat was the most frequently noted product at 2 months of age, and stairs were top ranked at 12 months). Product rank changed markedly as age increased.
The influences of the social environment, the physical environment, and products change as infants mature in the first year of life; this was substantiated in our study by the shift in the relative importance of products involved in injuries according to month of age. The concept that aspects of safety must adapt in anticipation of developmental stage is critical.
Firearm Use in G- and PG-Rated Movies, 2008–2012 Pelletier, Andrew R., MD, MPH; Eric Tongren, Jon, PhD, MSPH; Gilchrist, Julie, MD
American journal of preventive medicine,
12/2014, Letnik:
47, Številka:
6
Journal Article
About 1 in 5 child deaths is a result of unintentional injury. The leading causes of unintentional injury death vary by age. This report provides national fatal and nonfatal data for children and ...teens by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Prevention strategies for the most common causes are highlighted. Opportunities for lifestyle clinicians to effectively guide their patients and their parents are discussed.
Objective.—Venomous and nonvenomous snakes are found throughout most of the United States. While the literature on treatment is robust, there is not a current national epidemiologic profile of ...snakebite injuries in the United States. National estimates of such injuries treated in emergency departments (EDs) are presented along with characteristics of the affected population. Methods.—Data on snakebite injuries were abstracted from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System–All Injury Program (2001–04). Variables included age, gender, body part affected, cause, disposition, and treatment date. When available, location, intentionality of the interaction, and snake species were coded based on narrative comments. Estimates were weighted and analyzed with SPSS Complex Samples. Results.—An estimated 9873 snakebites were treated in US EDs each year between 2001 and 2004. Males were more frequently seen in the ED for snakebites than were females (males: 72.0% 95% confidence interval (CI), 68.0–75.7; females: 28.0% 95% CI, 24.3–32.0). Approximately 32% of patients were known to be bitten by venomous species. Overall, more than one quarter of patients were hospitalized (27.9% 95% CI, 15.9–44.2), although 58.9% of patients with known venomous bites were hospitalized (95% CI, 41.5–74.3). Conclusions.—While they are rare events, snakebites cause nearly 10 000 visits to EDs for treatment every year. Epidemiologic data regarding snakebites provide practicing physicians with an understanding of the population affected and can help guide public health practitioners in their prevention efforts.
Sports- and recreation-related traumatic brain injuries (SRR-TBIs) are a growing public health problem affecting persons of all ages in the United States.
To describe the trends of SRR-TBIs treated ...in US emergency departments (EDs) from 2001 to 2012 and to identify which sports and recreational activities and demographic groups are at higher risk for these injuries.
Data on initial ED visits for an SRR-TBI from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) for 2001-2012 were analyzed.
NEISS-AIP data are drawn from a nationally representative sample of hospital-based EDs.
Cases of TBI were identified from approximately 500,000 annual initial visits for all causes and types of injuries treated in EDs captured by NEISS-AIP.
Numbers and rates by age group, sex, and year were estimated. Aggregated numbers and percentages by discharge disposition were produced.
Approximately 3.42 million ED visits for an SRR-TBI occurred during 2001-2012. During this period, the rates of SRR-TBIs treated in US EDs significantly increased in both males and females regardless of age (all Ps < .001). For males, significant increases ranged from a low of 45.8% (ages 5-9) to a high of 139.8% (ages 10-14), and for females, from 25.1% (ages 0-4) to 211.5% (ages 15-19) (all Ps < .001). Every year males had about twice the rates of SRR-TBIs than females. Approximately 70% of all SRR-TBIs were reported among persons aged 0 to 19 years. The largest number of SRR-TBIs among males occurred during bicycling, football, and basketball. Among females, the largest number of SRR-TBIs occurred during bicycling, playground activities, and horseback riding. Approximately 89% of males and 91% of females with an SRR-TBI were treated and released from EDs.
The rates of ED-treated SRR-TBIs increased during 2001-2012, affecting mainly persons aged 0 to 19 years and males in all age groups. Increases began to appear in 2004 for females and 2006 for males. Activities associated with the largest number of TBIs varied by sex and age. Reasons for the reported increases in ED visits are unknown but may be associated with increased awareness of TBI through increased media exposure and from campaigns, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Heads Up. Prevention efforts should be targeted by sports and recreational activity, age, and sex.
Increase in deaths due to methadone in North Carolina Ballesteros, Michael F; Budnitz, Daniel S; Sanford, Catherine P ...
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association,
2003-Jul-02, Letnik:
290, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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