Objective: to understand family members’ perceptions of nursing care for people with psychiatric symptoms. Methods: qualitative study, with 13 family members, in five clinical inpatient units linked ...to the clinical nursing service of a general hospital. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results: the challenges perceived by family members were turnover of professionals in the work schedules and difficulty in specialized management. The participants suggested training of the team, greater multi-professional integration, improved management and reduced turnover of professionals during care. Conclusion: family members verbalized difficulties and suggestions to support reflection on the care offered to people with psychiatric symptoms hospitalized in clinical units, in order to improve work practices and qualify care.
Objetivo: compreender as percepções de familiares sobre o cuidado de enfermagem destinado às pessoas com sintomas psiquiátricos. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, com 13 familiares, em cinco unidades de internação clínica vinculadas ao serviço de enfermagem clínica de um hospital geral. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas. Resultados: os desafios percebidos pelos familiares foram: rotatividade dos profissionais nas escalas de trabalho e dificuldade de manejo especializado. Os participantes sugeriram capacitação da equipe, maior integração multiprofissional, melhora do manejo e diminuição da rotatividade dos profissionais durante o cuidado. Conclusão: os familiares verbalizaram dificuldades e sugestões para subsidiar a reflexão sobre o cuidado ofertado às pessoas com sintomas psiquiátricos internadas em unidades clínicas hospitalares, a fim de melhorar as práticas de trabalho e qualificar o cuidado.
Objective: to analyze the aspects that hinder blood donation and strategies to attract donors. Methods: qualitative study conducted with 12 donors. The data was collected through semi-structured ...interviews and analyzed using Content Analysis. Results: regarding the complicating aspects, the lack of time and little flexibility in service hours, the displacement in accessing the service and the fear of the donation process were scored. As strategies for attraction, the interviewees talked about the dissemination and internal campaigns in companies, education in schools and universities, loyalty of donors, flexibility in the hours of the blood center and mobile units for blood donation at strategic points in the city. Conclusion: donors pointed out difficulties and suggestions for strategies, constituting relevant information for innovative proposals that help in the process of attracting new blood donors.
Objetivo: analisar os aspectos dificultadores na doação de sangue e as estratégias para captação de doadores. Métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado com 12 doadores. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e foram analisadas por Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: em relação aos aspectos dificultadores, foram pontuadas a falta de tempo e a pouca flexibilidade nos horários de atendimento, o deslocamento no acesso ao serviço e o medo do processo de doação. Como estratégias de captação, os entrevistados verbalizam sobre a divulgação e campanhas internas nas empresas, educação nas escolas e universidades, fidelização de doadores, flexibilidade nos horários do hemocentro e unidades móveis para doação de sangue em pontos estratégicos da cidade. Conclusão: os doadores pontuaram dificuldades e sugestões de estratégias, constituindo-se em informações relevantes para propostas inovadoras que auxiliem no processo de captação de novos doadores de sangue.
Os osteomas geralmente são lesões solitárias, de crescimento lento e assintomáticas. Os locais de ocorrência mais comuns são o corpo da mandíbula e o côndilo, mas quando envolvem esta região podem ...causar alterações na oclusão do paciente, desvio progressivo e lento de linha média, assim como aumento do volume facial acompanhado de dor e limitação de abertura bucal. Cerca de 90% dos pacientes portadores da Síndrome de Gardner apresentam anormalidades esqueléticas, fazendo os osteomas as lesões mais frequentes e de maior ocorrência em seios paranasais e nos maxilares. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o caso clínico de uma paciente do gênero feminino, portadora de Síndrome de Gardner com osteoma localizado em côndilo mandibular esquerdo que, devido aos sintomas relatados pelo paciente, foi submetida à ressecção cirúrgica por meio de acesso intra oral para melhor abordagem da lesão e que evoluiu para a solução da sintomatologia apresentada como queixa principal quando procurou o serviço de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-maxilo-facial.
O fenômeno das decisões judiciais é cada vez mais estudado pela Teoria e da Filosofia do Direito, adquirindo tamanho proporcional ao protagonismo que o Judiciário adquire nas democracias. Três ...teorias jurídicas trazem aportes diferenciados, embora com algumas proximidades, à decisão judicial: positivismo normativista, direito como integridade e pragmatismo jurídico. O presente artigo, após dar uma panorama dessas três correntes jurídicas, testa sua aplicação pelos Ministros do STF, em julgamentos realizados na vigência da Constituição de 1988. Intenta-se demonstrar o perigo que se tem de que as teorias sejam tomadas por sua face que fica oculta aos téoricos, mas pode se revelar na prática judicial: o decisionismo.
A Monitoria Acadêmica desenvolve a autonomia e a formação integral dos monitores, incentivando a integração entre alunos e professores, e propiciando apoio aos graduandos que a recebem. Este trabalho ...identificou a percepção do aluno-monitor em relação à atividade e sua importância na formação acadêmica dos alunos da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Passo Fundo, RS. Os resultados foram obtidos através da aplicação de um questionário específico, voltado aos alunos que realizaram monitoria, evidenciando que a prática é de grande valia na formação de futuros profissionais, tanto no aspecto intelectual quanto pessoal do aluno.
Oxygen radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of reperfusion arrhythmias. However, the basic electrophysiological alterations accompanying the effects of oxygen radicals on action ...potential (AP) are poorly understood.
We investigated the effects of oxygen radicals generated by dihydroxyfumarate (DHF, 5 mM) on AP parameters and on ionic currents in patch-clamped guinea pig ventricular myocytes. DHF consistently caused a marked prolongation of AP duration, which was already significant after 60 seconds of exposure and continued to increase over time. Within 5 minutes, the majority of cells developed early afterdepolarizations (EADs) or became unexcitable. Both AP prolongation and occurrence of EADs were completely prevented in the presence of the oxygen radical scavengers superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Prolongation of AP duration was accompanied by a marked decreased in time-dependent potassium current (IK) and calcium current (ICa). The inward rectifier K current (IK1) was unaffected, suggesting no widespread changes in membrane properties. IK and ICa alterations were also significantly reduced by SOD and CAT. In additional experiments, intracellular calcium levels were kept constantly low by addition of 200 microM ethyleneglycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetra-acetic acid (EGTA) to the pipette solution. Under these conditions, the effects of DHF on AP duration and the occurrence of EADs were largely prevented. However, EGTA did not prevent cells from becoming unexcitable, nor did it affect the decrease in both IK and ICa upon exposure to DHF.
Exposure to an exogenous source of oxygen radicals may induce major electrophysiological alterations in isolated myocytes, which might be related to changes in specific ionic currents and in level of intracellular calcium. These alterations occur with a time course consistent with the rapid onset of ventricular arrhythmias in reperfused hearts.
O presente artigo é resultante de uma revisão de bibliografia e de textos normativos e tem por objetivo destacar avanços e iniciativas recentes, aptas a ampliar o espaço para o consenso no campo ...tributário, tais como os negócios jurídico-processuais, a transação tributária, a mediação e a conciliação. Além de abordar normativas atualizadas sobre a matéria, o artigo toca em questões controvertidas correlatas.
1
The Ca2+‐antagonistic properties of lacidipine were investigated in patch‐clamp guinea‐pig ventricular myocytes.
2
In basal conditions, 0.1 μm lacidipine reduced the action potential duration, ...associated with a decrease in the L‐type calcium current (Ica,L) to 66 ± 4% of the control value, without a change in the current‐voltage relationship. Sodium current and background potassium currents were not affected. All the effects reached a steady state within 2 min.
3
The Ca2+‐antagonistic effect of lacidipine was voltage‐dependent: a marked negative shift (about 20 mV) of the steady‐state inactivation curve was observed with long (10 s) conditioning prepulses, but not with short (350 ms) prepulses.
4
The onset of and recovery from the voltage‐dependent effect caused by 0.1 μm lacidipine were significantly slower when compared to those of equiactive concentrations of nimodipine (0.5 μm) and nisoldipine (0.1 μm). ICa,L measured after prepulses at —40 mV lasting 500 ms or less was unchanged (95 ± 5% of maximum current value) while it was reduced to 49±10% by nimodipine and 43 ± 9% by nisoldipine (P <0.05 vs lacidipine for both).
5
Similarly, the recovery from block in the presence of lacidipine was slower than with nimodipine and nisoldipine. After a prepulse of 1 s at —80 mV, ICa,L recovered up to 54 ± 2% of the maximum current value in the presence of lacidipine, and up to 91 ±3% and 93 ± 5% in the presence of nimodipine and nisoldipine, respectively (P<0.05 vs lacidipine).
6
Blockade of ICa,L by lacidipine was use‐dependent. After ten 200 ms long pulses (1 Hz) from −80 mV, ICa,L was reduced to 55 ± 7% of the current measured at the first pulse. In the presence of nimodipine and nisoldipine, ICa,L elicited by the tenth pulse amounted to 93 ± 3% and 80 ± 6% of the first pulse value, respectively (P <0.05 vs lacidipine). Lacidipine did not cause use‐dependent blockade of Ica,L in cells stimulated with 10 ms long pulses.
7
These results demonstrate that lacidipine selectively inhibits ICa,L in isolated cardiomyocytes and suggest that this effect occurs mainly through binding to the inactivated Ca2+ channels.
While the expression and/or activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has been characterized in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY) hearts, in coronary ...endothelial cells (ECs) from both strains, the effect of NO on intracellular calcium concentration (Ca2+i) is still unknown.
Coronary microvascular ECs were isolated from SHR and WKY and characterized. Immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis showed that eNOS was similarly expressed in ECs from both strains.
Measuring Ca2+i by imaging analysis of fura‐2‐loaded cells, we demonstrated that α‐thrombin (3−180 U l−1) induced a superimposable dose‐dependent calcium transient in ECs from both strains.
In WKY ECs, S‐nitroso‐N‐acetyl‐DL‐penicillamine (SNAP) dose‐dependently (10–100 μM) and 0.1 μM atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) reduced the maximum and the decay time of α‐thrombin‐induced calcium transient. The inhibitory effects of SNAP and ANF were prevented by blocking cyclic GMP‐dependent protein kinase. Non selective eNOS inhibitors prolonged the decay time of α‐thrombin‐induced calcium transient, while the selective inducible NOS inhibitor 1400 W was ineffective. SNAP (100 μM) and 0.1 μM ANF increased cyclic GMP content up to 22.9 and 42.3 fold respectively.
In SHR ECs, α‐thrombin‐induced calcium transient was not modified by SNAP, ANF or eNOS inhibition. SNAP (100 μM) and 0.1 μM ANF increased cyclic GMP content up to 9.3 and 51 fold respectively.
In WKY ECs, SNAP dose‐dependently (10–100 μM) reduced also bradykinin‐induced calcium transient, while in SHR ECs was ineffective.
We concluded that in SHR ECs, the cyclic GMP‐dependent regulation of calcium transient is lost.
British Journal of Pharmacology (2000) 130, 1468–1476; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703453
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