Summary
Introduction
The CellaVision Advanced Red Blood Cell (RBC) Software Application is a new software for advanced morphological analysis of RBCs on a digital microscopy system. Upon automated ...precharacterization into 21 categories, the software offers the possibility of reclassification of RBCs by the operator. We aimed to define the optimal cut‐off to detect morphological RBC abnormalities and to evaluate the precharacterization performance of this software.
Methods
Thirty‐eight blood samples of healthy donors and sixty‐eight samples of hospitalized patients were analyzed. Different methodologies to define a cut‐off between negativity and positivity were used. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated according to these different cut‐offs using the manual microscopic method as the gold standard. Imprecision was assessed by measuring analytical within‐run and between‐run variability and by measuring between‐observer variability.
Results
By optimizing the cut‐off between negativity and positivity, sensitivities exceeded 80% for ‘critical’ RBC categories (target cells, tear drop cells, spherocytes, sickle cells, and parasites), while specificities exceeded 80% for the other RBC morphological categories. Results of within‐run, between‐run, and between‐observer variabilities were all clinically acceptable.
Conclusion
The CellaVision Advanced RBC Software Application is an easy‐to‐use software that helps to detect most RBC morphological abnormalities in a sensitive and specific way without increasing work load, provided the proper cut‐offs are chosen. However, evaluation of the images by an experienced observer remains necessary.
Aim: Allochronic speciation occurs when sympatric populations sharing similar feeding regimes diverge because they mate at different times. Such speciation mode is fascinating because it permits the ...study of subsequent adaptations and/or geographic range shifts undergone by the populations that face new ecological constraints. Moreover, exploring whether intraspecific differentiation is accompanied by niche divergence is crucial for planning efficient biodiversity management and invasive species control. Here, we address the topic of potential climatic niche divergence between two sympatric populations of the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa (PPM) that diverged under allochrony. The larval development of a PPM population recently discovered in coastal regions of Portugal, referred to as the summer population (SP), occurs in the spring-summer instead of the autumn-winter as for all other populations of this species. Location: Portugal. Methods: We carried out intensive field sampling in the area where both populations are sympatric and calibrated spread (MigClim approach) and species distribution models (ensemble forecasting approach) to depict the response of SP to environment and predict its potential range under current and future climatic conditions. Results: Since its discovery in 1997, the distribution of SP has been expanding along the Western coasts of Portugal. Still, its establishment in inland regions failed, even though suitable hosts occur. Our models identify maximal temperatures as the main constraint explaining SP absence from inland regions. The coastal area where winter populations and SP co-occur displays unique climatic conditions (moderate maximal and minimal temperatures), which enable the coexistence of these populations with totally different phenologies. The models predict a future decrease of SP range due to climate warming. Main conclusions: We show here that a climatic niche shift occurred following allochronic divergence. This study highlights how climate differentially affects allochronic populations and how considering intraspecific diversity is crucial when predicting species responses to climate change.
Relativistic configuration interaction (RCI) calculations are performed for 291 states belonging to the configurations 1s22s22p, 1s22s2p2, 1s22p3, 1s22s23l, 1s22s2p3l, 1s22p23l, 1s22s24l′, ...1s22s2p4l′, and 1s22p24l′ (l = 0,1,2 and l′ = 0,1,2,3) in boron-like ions Si X and Ti XVIII to Cu XXV. Electron correlation effects are represented in the wave functions by large configuration state function (CSF) expansions. States are transformed from jj-coupling to LS-coupling, and the LS-percentage compositions are used for labeling the levels. Radiative electric dipole transition rates are given for all ions, leading to massive data sets. Calculated energy levels are compared with other theoretical predictions and crosschecked against the Chianti database, NIST recommended values, and other observations. The accuracy of the calculations are high enough to facilitate the identification of observed spectral lines.
Employing two state-of-the-art methods, multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock and second-order many-body perturbation theory, the excitation energies and lifetimes for the lowest 200 states of the , ..., , , , , , , and configurations, and multipole (electric dipole (E1), magnetic dipole (M1), and electric quadrupole (E2)) transition rates, line strengths, and oscillator strengths among these states are calculated for each O-like ion, from Cr xvii to Zn xxiii. Our two data sets are compared with the National Institute of Standards and Technology and CHIANTI compiled values, and previous calculations. The data are accurate enough for identification and deblending of new emission lines from the Sun and other astrophysical sources. The amount of high-accuracy data is significantly increased for the n = 3 states of several O-like ions of astrophysical interest, where experimental data are very scarce.
The Dirac kinetic energy (DKE) form of the normal mass shift operator
, which is an approximation of the
operator built on the relativistic electron momenta, is widely used in relativistic atomic ...structure calculations. In the present paper, we illustrate the progressive breakdown of the Dirac kinetic energy form relatively to the momentum form when increasing the nuclear charge along the lithium isoelectronic sequence. Both forms are incorrect in the relativistic case but the DKE operator provides expectation values that are closer to the results obtained with the more complete relativistic recoil operator.
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