Low total testosterone (TT) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations have been associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in men, but the reported strength of association varies ...considerably.
We aimed to investigate whether associations differ across specific subgroups (according to age and body mass index (BMI)) and individual MetS components.
Two previously published meta-analyses including an updated systematic search in PubMed and EMBASE.
Cross-sectional or prospective observational studies with data on TT and/or SHBG concentrations in combination with MetS in men.
We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis of 20 observational studies. Mixed effects models were used to assess cross-sectional and prospective associations of TT, SHBG and free testosterone (FT) with MetS and its individual components. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated and effect modification by age and BMI was studied.
Men with low concentrations of TT, SHBG or FT were more likely to have prevalent MetS (ORs per quartile decrease were 1.69 (95% CI 1.60-1.77), 1.73 (95% CI 1.62-1.85) and 1.46 (95% CI 1.36-1.57) for TT, SHBG and FT, respectively) and incident MetS (HRs per quartile decrease were 1.25 (95% CI 1.16-1.36), 1.44 (95% 1.30-1.60) and 1.14 (95% 1.01-1.28) for TT, SHBG and FT, respectively). Overall, the magnitude of associations was largest in non-overweight men and varied across individual components: stronger associations were observed with hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity and hyperglycaemia and associations were weakest for hypertension.
Associations of testosterone and SHBG with MetS vary according to BMI and individual MetS components. These findings provide further insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms linking low testosterone and SHBG concentrations to cardiometabolic risk.
Abstract
The article contains a description of the measuring device mathematical model by the methods of quasi-normalized spaces. This model serves as an application to the theory of positive ...degenerate holomorphic groups of operators in Quasi-Sobolev spaces of sequences. This approach is relevant due to the possibility of finding positive solutions or values of the measuring device, which means that it is more consistent with the physical meaning. Indeed, as a rule, we talk about its absence when we get a negative or imaginary value of a quantity that is positive or real in meaning
RNA editing by adenosine deaminases of the ADAR family attracts a growing interest of researchers, both zoologists studying ecological and evolutionary plasticity of invertebrates and medical ...biochemists focusing on the mechanisms of cancer and other human diseases. These enzymes deaminate adenosine residues in the double-stranded (ds) regions of RNA with the formation of inosine. As a result, some RNAs change their three-dimensional structure and functions. Adenosine-to-inosine editing in the mRNA coding sequences may cause amino acid substitutions in the encoded proteins. Here, we reviewed current concepts on the functions of two active ADAR isoforms identified in mammals (including humans). The ADAR1 protein, which acts non-specifically on extended dsRNA regions, is capable of immunosuppression via inactivation of the dsRNA interactions with specific sensors inducing the cell immunity. Expression of a specific ADAR1 splicing variant is regulated by the type I interferons by the negative feedback mechanism. It was shown that immunosuppressing effects of ADAR1 facilitate progression of some types of cancer. On the other hand, changes in the amino acid sequences resulting from the mRNA editing by the ADAR enzymes can result in the formation of neoantigens that can activate the antitumor immunity. The ADAR2 isoform acts on RNA more selectively; its function is associated with the editing of mRNA coding regions and can lead to the amino acid substitutions, in particular, those essential for the proper functioning of some neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system.
A theoretical analysis of available experimental data on elastic and inelastic
C scattering in the energy region extending up to 90 MeV is performed. The parameters of a semimicroscopic potential are ...found on the basis of the dispersive optical model. The potentials found in this way are used in analyzing, by the distorted-wave Born approximation, data that the authors recently measured for inelastic scattering at energies of 65 and 90 MeV. Experimental data for the states at 3.68 and 7.55 MeV are presented for the first time. These states are considered under the assumption that, within the standard rotational model, they are members of the ground-state rotational band. A satisfactory description of angular distributions is obtained, and deformation lengths are determined. A model phenomenological form factor is used for the remaining excitations in the energy range extending up to 11 MeV. The present analysis confirms the presence of a neutron halo in the 3.09-MeV state. A similarity of form of the inelastic form factors obtained for the 8.86-, 10.996-, and 11.08 MeV states and the proximity of their radii gives grounds to assume that the
C nucleus in these three states has an enhanced size and similar structures. A comparison of the radial dependences of the form factors for the 9.90- and 8.86-MeV states shows that the wave function for the 9.90-MeV state has a substantially smaller spatial extension. These results agree with the values obtained for the radii of the states under discussion on the basis of the modified diffraction model.
The methodical approach to the analysis of the production program for the designed technological complex has been developed. The approach allows to select the parts planned for production, to group ...them according to the commonness of the structural and technological features, preliminary determine the composition of the complexes sections and the production program for each of them.
Camps Reaction and Related Cyclizations Fisyuk, A. S.; Kostyuchenko, A. S.; Goncharov, D. S.
Russian journal of organic chemistry,
12/2020, Letnik:
56, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The review presents analysis of the literature on the intramolecular cyclization of
N
-(2-acylaryl)amides, known as the Camps reaction, as well as close analogs of these compounds,
N
-(3-oxoalkenyl)- ...and
N
-(3-oxoalkyl)amides, which contain an amide and a carbonyl groups and react by the aldol–crotonic type. The potential, limitations, and regularities of these reactions leading to quinoline-2(1
H
)-ones, quinoline-4(1
H
)-ones, pyridin-2-ones, pyridin-4-ones, as well as their hydrogenated derivatives are highlighted.
The famous 7.65-MeV 0
Hoyle state of
C is always attracting plenty attention. This state has dilute 3
configuration and plays important role in nucleosynthesis. Question is if there are states analog ...to the Hoyle state in other 4
nuclei. It is possible that
-cluster 0
state in
Ne can be considered as an analog of the 7.65-MeV 0
Hoyle state of
C.
Pulsar timing arrays offer a probe of the low-frequency gravitational wave spectrum (1–100 nHz), which is intimately connected to a number of markers that can uniquely trace the formation and ...evolution of the Universe. We present the dataset and the results of the timing analysis from the second data release of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA). The dataset contains high-precision pulsar timing data from 25 millisecond pulsars collected with the five largest radio telescopes in Europe, as well as the Large European Array for Pulsars. The dataset forms the foundation for the search for gravitational waves by the EPTA, presented in associated papers. We describe the dataset and present the results of the frequentist and Bayesian pulsar timing analysis for individual millisecond pulsars that have been observed over the last ~25 yr. We discuss the improvements to the individual pulsar parameter estimates, as well as new measurements of the physical properties of these pulsars and their companions. This data release extends the dataset from EPTA Data Release 1 up to the beginning of 2021, with individual pulsar datasets with timespans ranging from 14 to 25 yr. These lead to improved constraints on annual parallaxes, secular variation of the orbital period, and Shapiro delay for a number of sources. Based on these results, we derived astrophysical parameters that include distances, transverse velocities, binary pulsar masses, and annual orbital parallaxes.
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