Lamiophlomis rotata is a common wild herb in Tibetan traditional medicine with important medicinal and economic value. The paper examines the wild distributions, exploitation regime, and situations.
...A variety of research methods, such as literature survey, specimens inspection, market information collection in major Chinese herbal markets, questionnaire of herbalists and employers of local governments and institutions, and field quadrat survey and AcrGIS as well, have been used for this work.
Total stock of wild resources of L. rotata is ranging from 3 713.49 tons to 6 896.56 tons (2 519-3 314 t in Qinghai, 490-1 414 t in Gansu, 641-1 167 t in Sichuan, and 422-999 t in Tibet, respectively), acceptable harvest quantity of the herb is ranging from 908-1 675 t per year, and actual harvest quantity is 2 520 t annually far beyond the acceptable harvest quantity.
Harvesting quantity of L. rotata is far more than that of acceptable, suggesting that utilization pattern of this wild resource plant is unsustainable. L.
SiC coatings were prepared by chemical vapor deposition at 1050 °C, 1100 °C, 1150 °C, and 1200 °C by using methyltrichlorosilane (MTS, CH3SiCl3) as the precursor. The compositions, microstructures, ...and deposition kinetics of the coatings were studied. The results show that the main constituent of the as-prepared coatings is 3C–SiC with a small amount of free C at deposition temperatures above 1100 °C. The coating has a regular fine-grain structure at 1050 °C, umbrella-shaped structure at 1100 °C, and columnar structure at 1150 °C and 1200 °C with the deposition process being controlled by surface kinetics and diffusion kinetics, respectively. The impact resistance was tested using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar system. The impact resistance of the graphite substrate is improved by the as-prepared SiC coating evidently. The impact strength of the coating sample increases with increasing deposition temperature, reaching the maximum at 1150 °C, and declines slightly at 1200 °C. The stress-strain curves under dynamic impact resistance loading, and the surface morphologies and microstructures resulting from the impact tests of the different SiC coatings are discussed in detail. The factors affecting impact resistance are mainly the thickness and hardness values of the as-prepared coatings.
•SiC coatings were prepared by chemical vapor deposition with a small amount of free C at above 1100 °C.•Impact behavior of SiC coating deposited at 1050~1250℃ were studied using a SHPB system.•Impact strength increases with increasing deposition temperature, reaching the maximum at 1150 °C, and declines slightly at 1200 °C.•The as-prepared SiC coatings evidently improve the impact resistance of the graphite substrate.•The factors affecting impact resistance are mainly the hardness and thickness values of the as-prepared coatings.
To evaluate the efficiency of navigation system for orbital wall reconstruction in unilateral orbital fractures.
Fifteen patients (7 male and 8 female) with unilateral orbital fracture underwent ...orbital reconstruction with the help of intraoperative navigation system. The average age was 34.3 ± 9.5 years. All patients underwent spiral CT scanning preoperatively, and the CT data was imported to the BrainLab navigation system (Germany, BrainLab company). The orbit of the intact side was mirrored to the opposite side as the reference for pre-operative planning. The titanium mesh was mounted on the resin template made by rapid prototyping machine based on the mirrored CT data. When the injury was limited, the hydroxyapatite sheet was used for the orbital wall reconstruction. During the operation, the real-time navigation helped to ensure precise placement. The re-establishing result was assessed based on the postoperative CT data with the following four variables: the volumetric difference between the bilateral o
A new 2D samarium compound Sm(2,4′-bpdc)(2,4′-Hbpdc)H
2O
n (
1) (2,4′-H
2bpdc = 2,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid) has been successfully constructed by the hydrothermal reaction of Sm
2O
3 with 2,4′-H
...2bpdc, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that complex
1 possesses a 2D framework with 4
4 topology constructed from one-dimensional lanthanide-carboxylate
meso-helical chains Sm(O–C–O)
2
n (
Δ
+
Λ
) and (2,4′-bpdc
2−)
2 pillars; this complex represents the first example of a lanthanide compound containing 2,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate as the sole ligand. Moreover, compound
1 displays a certain photoluminescent property and high thermal stability.
One new 2D framework with 4
4 topology constructed from one-dimensional lanthanide-carboxylate meso-helical chains Sm(O–C–O)
2
n (
Δ
+
Λ
) and (2,4′-bpdc
2−)
2 pillars, which represents the first example of a lanthanide complex possessing the ligand 2,4′-biphenylcarboxylate with different coordination modes.
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► A number of lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (LMOFs) with fascinating architecture have been synthesized via dicarboxylate ligands. ► However, few effort has been devoted to the investigation of transition/lanthanide-metal coordination chemistry involving 2,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid up to now. ► To the best of our knowledge, the compound Sm(2,4′-bpdc)(2,4′-Hbpdc)H
2On (
1) (2,4′-H2bpdc = 2,4′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid) reported in the manuscript is the first example of the lanthanide coordination polymer containing single 2,4′-H2bpdc ligand.
The clear mechanism of hydraulic fracture propagation in glutenite reservoirs with high heterogeneity is still not obtained, thus it is difficult to carry out the design of fracturing plan ...effectively. Based on the characteristics of the glutenite reservoirs, a coupled flow-stress-damage (FSD) model of hydraulic fracture propagation with gravels is established. This model is experimentally verified and the research on the influence of rock physical parameters and gravel property on the hydraulic fracture propagation is conducted. It is shown that as the gravel tensile strength increases, the hydraulic fracture is prone to propagate around the gravel, where the fracture deflection always occurs; as the gravel Young's modulus increases, there is high probability that hydraulic fracture propagates around the gravel, with more obvious fracture deflection; the matrix permeability influences fracture propagating morphology when encountering gravel and total fracture length; the horizontal geostress difference seriously impacts the fracture deflection; as the fracturing fluids injection displacement increases, the fracture is prone to deflect when encountering gravel; the low viscosity fracturing fluids result in the shorter fracture; the larger gravel increases the possibility of fracture deflection; in case of smaller gravel sizes, the increasing gravel content has a big influence on fracture deflection, and the increasing content of large gravel complicates the fracture morphology, resulting in the fine branched fractures; for the well rounded gravel, the fracture propagation around the gravel is prone to occur, and the fracture is not prone to deflect. Compared with the conventional sandstone reservoir, the glutenite reservoirs have higher breakdown and extension pressures, which fluctuate due to the gravel; the larger gravel size results in higher extension pressure. In this paper, a simulation method of hydraulic fracture propagation in the glutenite reservoirs is introduced, and the result provides the theoretical support for prediction of fracture propagation morphology and plan design of hydraulic fracturing in the glutenite reservoirs.
•Fracture propagation model with flow-stress-damage (FSD) coupling is developed.•A simulation method of hydraulic fracture propagation in the glutenite reservoirs is introduced.•The model accuracy is validated through comparison between results of physical experiment and numerical simulation.•The effects of multiple factors on fracture propagating in the glutenite reservoirs are analyzed.
Cancer genomics unveils many cancer-related mutations, including some chromosome 20 (Chr.20) genes. The mutated messages have been found in the corresponding mRNAs; however, whether they could be ...translated to proteins still requires more evidence. Herein, we proposed a transomics strategy to profile the expression status of human Chr.20 genes (555 in Ensembl v72). The data of transcriptome and translatome (the mRNAs bound with ribosome, translating mRNAs) revealed that ∼80% of the coding genes on Chr.20 were detected with mRNA signals in three liver cancer cell lines, whereas of the proteome identified, only ∼45% of the Chr.20 coding genes were detected. The high amount of overlapping of identified genes in mRNA and RNC-mRNA (ribosome nascent-chain complex-bound mRNAs, translating mRNAs) and the consistent distribution of the abundance averages of mRNA and RNC-mRNA along the Chr.20 subregions in three liver cancer cell lines indicate that the mRNA information is efficiently transmitted from transcriptional to translational stage, qualitatively and quantitatively. Of the 457 genes identified in mRNAs and RNC-mRNA, 136 were found to contain SNVs with 213 sites, and >40% of these SNVs existed only in metastatic cell lines, suggesting them as the metastasis-related SNVs. Proteomics analysis showed that 16 genes with 20 SNV sites were detected with reliable MS/MS signals, and some SNVs were further validated by the MRM approach. With the integration of the omics data at the three expression phases, therefore, we are able to achieve the overall view of the gene expression of Chr.20, which is constructive in understanding the potential trend of encoding genes in a cell line and exploration of a new type of markers related to cancers.
In case of poor surrounding rock conditions, multiple-section blasting method is usually used in large-span tunnel. The sprayed concrete in tunnel will receive multiple blasting effects from ...different blasting section. Hence, its valuable to research the safety of sprayed concrete lining. Based on the field observation data and construction condition in Shizilong tunnel, The relation between initial velocity and crack length of different concrete age is obtained through indoor tests and the velocity is calculated when the length is 2mm. Then, with the mechanics theories of fracture and damage, the cumulative damage of rock and concrete is studied microcosmically and the increment expression is mended at the same time. The accuracy is verified based on a large number of data in the end, which is helpful for construction of large-span tunnels in future.
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