Karyotyping is essential for identifying genetic ab-normalities, assisting with prenatal screening, gaining insight into the genetics of cancer, researching evolution, and advancing research. It ...offers useful knowledge on chromosomal anomalies and makes contributions to many fields of biology, genetics, and medicine. A key component of karyotyping is chromosome classification, which entails classifying and arranging chromo-somes according to their size, shape, and banding patterns. While Denver categorization of chromosomes offers a defined and widely acknowledged system for naming and classifying human chromosomes into 7 groups, chromosome classification categorizes the human chromosomes from the metaphase images to 23 or 24 classes. In order to improve the effectiveness of the karyotyping system, a multilabel chromosomal classification approach is developed in this study. It makes use of the combined information from the 24 class chromosome classification infor-mation and the Denver classification information. The suggested method uses two Convolution Neural Networks, one for 24 class classification and one for Denvor classification. The proposed model is experimented with the public ChromosomeNet dataset as well as a private dataset generated at Regional Cancer Center, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala and obtained the testing accuracy of 97 % and 70 % accuracies respectively. For the comparative study, CNN features of the 24-class classifier are used to train the traditional classifiers Decision Tree, Random Forest and SVM and proved that the proposed multilabel classifier outperforms the other models.
Triality in minimal model holography Gaberdiel, Matthias R.; Gopakumar, Rajesh
The journal of high energy physics,
07/2012, Letnik:
2012, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
The non-linear
symmetry algebra underlies the duality between the
minimal model CFTs and the hs
μ
higher spin theory on AdS
3
. It is shown how the structure of this symmetry algebra at ...the
quantum
level, i.e. for finite central charge, can be determined completely. The resulting algebra exhibits an exact equivalence (a ‘triality’) between three (generically) distinct values of the parameter
μ
. This explains, among other things, the agreement of symmetries between the
minimal models and the bulk higher spin theory. We also study the consequences of this triality for some of the simplest
representations, thereby clarifying the analytic continuation between the ‘light states’ of the minimal models and conical defect solutions in the bulk. These considerations also lead us to propose that one of the two scalar fields in the bulk actually has a non-perturbative origin.
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•A 3D porous EMI shielding aerogel of cellulose nanofiber anchored poly(aniline) was fabricated.•Shields exhibited maximum EMI shielding of −32 dB with a high specific EMI SE ...∼1667 dB.cm3. g−1.•The porous shields predominantly absorbed (95 %) excess EM radiations with minimal reflection (5 %).•These aerogels readily absorbed undesired EM radiations emitted out from a mobile phone.•The aerogel possess ultra-fast heat dissipation behavior upon high power microwave exposure.
Electromagnetic (EM) pollution is ubiquitous and has soared to a great extent in the past few decades. The use of plant sourced cellulose nanofibers to fabricate sustainable and high performance electromagnetic shielding materials is foreseen as a green solution by the electronics industry to address this unseen pollutant. In this view, we report a facile and environmentally benign strategy to synthesize ultra-light and highly conductive aerogels derived from cellulose nanofibers (CNF) decorated with polyaniline (PANI) via a simple in-situ polymerization and subsequent freeze drying process devoid of any volatile organic solvents. The obtained conductive aerogels exhibited density as low as 0.01925 g/cc with a maximum EMI shielding value −32 dB in X band region. These porous shields demonstrated strong microwave absorption behavior (95 %) with minimal reflection (5 %) coupled with high specific EMI SE value ∼1667 dB.cm3. g−1 which make these aerogels a potential candidate for use in telecommunication, military and defense applications.
Chromosome Image Enhancement for Efficient Karyotyping Remya, R S; Prasad, Hari; Hariharan, S ...
2022 International Conference on Innovative Trends in Information Technology (ICITIIT),
2022-Feb.-12
Conference Proceeding
Chromosome images are susceptible to sensor and staining noises, inhomogeneity, and blurring which prevent efficient karyotyping. In this research work, image processing methods are systematically ...extended for the preprocessing of chromosome images, and a novel approach for denoising and enhancing the chromosome images is proposed. The proposed approach is mathematically modeled and evaluated with subjective and objective measures. Promising results are obtained which are further substantiated with the post-classification of the segmented chromosomes from the preprocessed input image. Performance of the proposed method is quantified in terms of MSE (Mean Squared Error), PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio), SSIM (Structural Similarity Index Measure), FSIM(Features Similarity Index Measure), SAM(Spectral Angle Mapper), and SRE(Signal to Reconstruction Error ratio). An MSE of 8.164, PSNR of 39.037, SSIM of 0.9654, SAM of 81.729, SRE of 63.842, and FSIM of 0.6128 are obtained, on average for a set of 10 test images which were previously degraded with Gaussian noise and Gaussian blur. Post-classification accuracy improved from 88% to 95% as and when the proposed preprocessing is followed by the classification task.
From symmetric product CFTs to AdS3 Gaberdiel, Matthias R.; Gopakumar, Rajesh; Knighton, Bob ...
The journal of high energy physics,
05/2021, Letnik:
2021, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
Correlators in symmetric orbifold CFTs are given by a finite sum of admissible branched covers of the 2d spacetime. We consider a Gross-Mende like limit where all operators have large ...twist, and show that the corresponding branched covers can be described via a Penner-like matrix model. The limiting branched covers are given in terms of the spectral curve for this matrix model, which remarkably turns out to be directly related to the Strebel quadratic differential on the covering space. Interpreting the covering space as the world-sheet of the dual string theory, the spacetime CFT correlator thus has the form of an integral over the entire world-sheet moduli space weighted with a Nambu-Goto-like action. Quite strikingly, at leading order this action can also be written as the absolute value of the Schwarzian of the covering map.
Given the equivalence of the symmetric product CFT to tensionless string theory on AdS
3
, this provides an explicit realisation of the underlying mechanism of gauge-string duality originally proposed in 1 and further refined in 2.
A series of flexible, lightweight, and highly conductive cellulose nanopapers were fabricated through in situ polymerization of aniline monomer on to cellulose nanofibers with a rationale for ...attenuating electromagnetic radiations within 8.2–12.4 GHz (X band). The demonstrated paper exhibits good conductivity due to the formation of a continuous coating of polyaniline (PANI) over the cellulose nanofibers (CNF) during in situ polymerization, which is evident from scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The free hydroxyl groups on the surface of nanocellulose fibers promptly form intermolecular hydrogen bonding with PANI, which plays a vital role in shielding electromagnetic radiations and makes the cellulose nanopapers even more robust. These composite nanopapers exhibited an average shielding effectiveness of ca. −23 dB (>99% attenuation) at 8.2 GHz with 1 mm paper thickness. The fabricated papers exhibited an effective attenuation of electromagnetic waves by a predominant absorption mechanism (ca. 87%) rather than reflection (ca. 13%), which is highly desirable for the present-day telecommunication sector. Unlike metal-based shields, these demonstrated PANI/CNF papers have given a new platform for designing green microwave attenuators via an absorption mechanism. The prime novelty of the present study is that these robust PANI/CNF nanopapers have the ability to attenuate incoming microwave radiations to an extent that is 360% higher than the shielding effectiveness value reported in the previous literature. This makes them suitable for use in commercial electronic gadgets. This demonstrated work also opens up new avenues for using cellulose nanofibers as an effective substrate for fabricating conductive flexible papers using polyaniline. The direct current conductivity value of PANI/CNF nanopaper was 0.314 S/cm, which is one of the key requisites for the fabrication of efficient electromagnetic shields. Nevertheless, such nanopapers also open up an arena of applications such as electrodes for supercapacitors, separators for Li–S, Li–polymer batteries, and other freestanding flexible paper-based devices.
An array of highly conductive, lightweight and flexible cellulose nanopapers as effective attenuators of electromagnetic radiations within 8.2–12.4 GHz (X band) were formulated via in situ ...polymerization of pyrrole monomers on to cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). It is quite obvious that the free hydroxyl groups on the surface of CNFs facilitate the formation of intense intermolecular hydrogen bonding with PPy which is envisaged for its excellent electromagnetic shielding performance with an average shielding effectiveness of ca. –22 dB (>99% attenuation) at 8.2 GHz for a paper having 1 mm thickness. The fabricated papers displayed a predominant absorption mechanism (ca. 89%) rather than reflection (ca. 11%) for efficiently attenuating electromagnetic radiations, which has a considerable importance in the modern telecommunication sector. Thus, the designed PPy/CNF papers would replace the conventional metal‐based shields and pave way for the development of green microwave attenuators functioning via a strong absorption mechanism. The PPy/CNF nanopapers exhibited a DC conductivity of 0.21 S/cm, a prime requisite for the development of highly efficient electromagnetic shields. Undoubtedly, such nanopapers can be employed in wide range of applications such as electrodes for supercapacitors and other freestanding flexible paper‐based devices.
Higher spins and Yangian symmetries Gaberdiel, Matthias R.; Gopakumar, Rajesh; Li, Wei ...
The journal of high energy physics,
04/2017, Letnik:
2017, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
The relation between the bosonic higher spin
W
∞
λ
algebra, the affine Yangian of
g
l
1
, and the SH
c
algebra is established in detail. For generic
λ
we find explicit expressions for the ...low-lying
W
∞
λ
modes in terms of the affine Yangian generators, and deduce from this the precise identification between
λ
and the parameters of the affine Yangian. Furthermore, for the free field cases corresponding to
λ
= 0 and
λ
= 1 we give closed-form expressions for the affine Yangian generators in terms of the free fields. Interestingly, the relation between the
W
∞
modes and those of the affine Yangian is a non-local one, in general. We also establish the explicit dictionary between the affine Yangian and the SH
c
generators. Given that Yangian algebras are the hallmark of integrability, these identifications should pave the way towards uncovering the relation between the integrable and the higher spin symmetries.
Partition functions of holographic minimal models Gaberdiel, Matthias R.; Gopakumar, Rajesh; Hartman, Thomas ...
The journal of high energy physics,
08/2011, Letnik:
2011, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The partition function of the
minimal model CFT is computed in the large
N
’t Hooft limit and compared to the spectrum of the proposed holographic dual, a 3d higher spin gravity theory coupled to ...massive scalar fields. At finite
N
, the CFT contains additional light states that are not visible in the perturbative gravity theory. We carefully define the large
N
limit, and give evidence that, at
N
= ∞, the additional states become null and decouple from all correlation functions. The surviving states are shown to match precisely (for all values of the ’t Hooft coupling) with the spectrum of the higher spin gravity theory. The agreement between bulk and boundary is partially explained by symmetry considerations involving the conjectured equivalence between the
algebra in the large
N
limit and the higher spin algebra of the Vasiliev theory.
The non-isothermal crystallization behaviour of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) in blends with thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry. ...The TLCP chosen for the investigation was poly(oxybenzoate-
co-ethylene terephthalate). It was observed that the Ozawa equation is valid not only for neat PPS, but also for the blends. The PPS crystallization temperature was found to increase markedly upon addition of the TLCP. A notable reduction in Avrami exponents for the PPS/LCP blend systems suggests that the nucleated process leads to rod-shaped growth with thermal nucleation. The cooling crystallization function, which represents the rate of non-isothermal crystallization, was found to decrease with decreasing temperature and/or increase in LCP content. It has been concluded that the non-isothermal crystallization of PPS is strongly accelerated by the presence of TLCP.
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