In the title compound, CoBr(CH5N)(C3H10N2)2Br2, the cobalt(III) ion has a distorted octa-hedral coordination environment and is surrounded by four N atoms in the equatorial plane, with an additional ...N atom and the Br atom occupying the axial positions. In the crystal, the complex cation and the two counter anions are linked via N-H⋯Br and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.
Hop-by-hop inter-domain routing protocols, such as border gateway protocol (
BGP) and inter-domain routing protocol (
IDRP), use
independent route selection to realize domains' local policies. A ...domain chooses its routes based on
path attributes present in a route. It is widely believed that these inter-domain routing protocols always converge. We show that there exist domain policies that cause BGP/IDRP to exhibit persistent oscillations. In these oscillations, each domain repeatedly chooses a sequence of routes to a destination. Complex oscillation patterns can occur even in very simple topologies. We analyze the conditions for persistent route oscillations in a simple class of inter-domain topologies and policies. Using this analysis, we evaluate ways to prevent or avoid persistent oscillations in general topologies. We conclude that if a hop-by-hop inter-domain routing protocol allows unconstrained route selection at a domain, the protocol may be susceptible to route oscillations. Constraining route selection to a provably “safe”
procedure (such as
shortest path) can reduce the number of realizable policies. Alternatively, a routing policy registry can help detect unsafe policies.
Preoperative prediction of morbidity in colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery helps to optimize the surgical outcome. In this study, we aim to develop a dedicated equation for predicting operative ...morbidity using colorectal possum scoring system and also to validate the predictive accuracy of CR-POSSUM scoring system in prognosticating actual complications. We did a retrospective analysis of 322 patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery from a single centre in South India from 2004 to 2016. Mortality and morbidity risk factors as defined by CR POSSUM were collected from 322 patients who underwent CRC surgery and were used to derive equations to predict morbidity, and the results were compared with the observed morbidity. Logistic regression analysis was used to derive the equation. The model fit and model discrimination were analysed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistical test for goodness of fit, the Nagelkerke
R
2
and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve respectively. Out of 322 patients, 103 (32%) patients developed complications and 10 (3%) died due to complications. The regression equation we derived has an overall correct classification of about 70% (
P
< 0.01) with positive and negative predictive value of 60% and 73% respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit was 3.147 (
P
= 0.829), and the Nagelkerke
R
2
was 17% and area under ROC as model discrimination was 71.6%. Hence, CR-POSSUM scoring which was originally used for predicting mortality risk can also be extrapolated to predict morbidity.
Diaquadichloridobis(pyridine-κ N )cobalt(II) Kannan, P.S.; Ganeshraja, A. S.; Anbalagan, K. ...
Acta crystallographica. Section E,
09/2013, Letnik:
69, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The title molecule, CoCl2(C5H5N)2(H2O)2, has -1 symmetry with the CoII ion situated on an inversion centre. The cation has a distorted octahedral coordination environment and is surrounded by two N ...and two Cl atoms in the equatorial plane, while the coordinating water O atoms occupy the axial positions. The crystal exhibits nonmerohedral twinning with two domain states, the volume fractions of which were refined to 0.883 (2) and 0.117 (3). The crystal packing is stabilized by O-H...Cl hydrogen-bond interactions, forming two-dimensional networks lying parallel to (001). The crystal packing also features π-π interactions between the pyridine rings, with centroid-centroid separations of 3.493 (3) and 3.545 (3) Å.
In recent times gastrointestinal infections caused by bacterial pathogens have become potentially life-threatening. Particularly, biofilm assembly participates in stimulating the ailments. Bacterial ...biofilms hold a pivotal role in disease dispersion, pathogenesis and consortia formation. This study reports the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm efficacy of the native gut bacterium
Proteus mirabilis
DMTMMK1 effected by the production of biosurfactant. Biosurfactant-producing isolates were screened by preliminary assays, and a surfactant with high emulsification capacity produced by
Proteus mirabilis
DMTMMK1 was purified and subjected to FTIR and NMR spectral analysis which gave evidence of the active characteristics of the surfactant. In the presence of such bioactive compounds an exponential reduction in secreted protease, haemolysis, quorum sensing, and phenotypic inhibition of swarming motility in pathogenic
Vibrio cholerae
was observed. Further, SEM and HCS (high-content screening) analysis revealed the hampered and disrupted nature of biofilm and cytometry results emphasized a sizeable dead cell population in
Vibrio cholerae
that had been treated with biosurfactant. Cytotoxicity assay on Vero cell lines evaluated the LD
50
value (600 μg mL
−1
), which showed significant reduction in cell viability and proliferation upon exposure up to 48 h. Furthermore, challenge survival studies provided evidence of biosurfactant effectively inhibiting intestinal colonization of
Vibrio cholerae
in the nematode
Caenorhabditis elegans
.
Schematic representation of the biosurfactant production and evaluation of anti-pathogenic potential.
The dynamic sweat transfer tester for analyzing the sweat transfer behavior of multi-weave structure fabrics (single fabric contains different weave structures) has been designed and developed. This ...instrument has been developed to evaluate the sweat transfer rate in 16 different directions and 48 different regions for a test specimen of 7 cm diameter. The concept of the sweat measurement is to measure the sweat transport time required to reach the unit area of the fabric. The instrument works under the principle of electrical conductivity, that is, wetted cotton fabric acts as an electrical conductor between the power connected (5 V) copper pins and ground connected copper pins. The unique feature of this instrument is that the sweat transfer rate can be measured in fabrics which have irregular spreading behavior (single fabric that has different weave structures) at one step. Twelve different woven fabrics have been analyzed for the sweat transfer behavior using the instrument, and the results were well correlated (R2 = 0.925) with manual test method.
This investigation aimed to introduce printing technology for the first time to prepare a nanostrucutured PbO
2
electrode and its application to a cerium redox transfer process. The new method of ...nano-size PbO
2
preparation demonstrated that nano-PbO
2
could be obtained in less time and at less cost at room temperature. The prepared nano-PbO
2
screen printed on a Ti electrode by three different compositions under similar conditions showed through surface and electrochemical analyses no adherence on Ti and no contact with other nano-PbO
2
particles. Gravure printing of nano-PbO
2
on a PET (poly ethylene thin) film at high pressure was done with two different compositions for the first time. The selective composition of 57.14 % nano-PbO
2
powder with 4.28 % carbon black and 38.58 % ECA (ethyl carbitol acetate) produced a film with a nanoporous structure with an electron transfer ability. Finally, the optimized gravure-printed nano-PbO
2
electrode was applied to the oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) by using cyclic voltammetry. The gravure-printed nano-PbO
2
should pave the way to promising applications in electrochemical and sensor fields.
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