Abstract
In many fields of heath, precision medicine has been integrated in clinical practise, for instance in oncology. In the case of psychiatry, and in particular bipolar disorder, we are in a ...prior step for the moment. Different proposal of stratification will be described during the talk for instance the classification of staging. Moreover some proposal of precision psychiatry in bipolar disorder will be put forward.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
We report a directly modulated distributed feedback laser operating in gain-switching mode for preparing the coherent states required for the Gaussian-modulated coherent-state (GMCS) ...continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol. The proposed single-component quantum transmitter design eliminates the need for external modulators, decreasing the complexity of GMCS CV-QKD systems. The experimental results demonstrate a potential asymptotic secret key rate value of 2.63 Mbps over an 11-km fiber link, making the directly modulated GMCS transmitter particularly suitable for metropolitan optical networks where compactness, robustness, and low cost are key desirable features.
Aims.
This paper describes the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager on the Solar Orbiter mission (SO/PHI), the first magnetograph and helioseismology instrument to observe the Sun from outside the ...Sun-Earth line. It is the key instrument meant to address the top-level science question: How does the solar dynamo work and drive connections between the Sun and the heliosphere? SO/PHI will also play an important role in answering the other top-level science questions of Solar Orbiter, while hosting the potential of a rich return in further science.
Methods.
SO/PHI measures the Zeeman effect and the Doppler shift in the Fe
I
617.3 nm spectral line. To this end, the instrument carries out narrow-band imaging spectro-polarimetry using a tunable LiNbO
3
Fabry-Perot etalon, while the polarisation modulation is done with liquid crystal variable retarders. The line and the nearby continuum are sampled at six wavelength points and the data are recorded by a 2k × 2k CMOS detector. To save valuable telemetry, the raw data are reduced on board, including being inverted under the assumption of a Milne-Eddington atmosphere, although simpler reduction methods are also available on board. SO/PHI is composed of two telescopes; one, the Full Disc Telescope, covers the full solar disc at all phases of the orbit, while the other, the High Resolution Telescope, can resolve structures as small as 200 km on the Sun at closest perihelion. The high heat load generated through proximity to the Sun is greatly reduced by the multilayer-coated entrance windows to the two telescopes that allow less than 4% of the total sunlight to enter the instrument, most of it in a narrow wavelength band around the chosen spectral line.
Results.
SO/PHI was designed and built by a consortium having partners in Germany, Spain, and France. The flight model was delivered to Airbus Defence and Space, Stevenage, and successfully integrated into the Solar Orbiter spacecraft. A number of innovations were introduced compared with earlier space-based spectropolarimeters, thus allowing SO/PHI to fit into the tight mass, volume, power and telemetry budgets provided by the Solar Orbiter spacecraft and to meet the (e.g. thermal) challenges posed by the mission’s highly elliptical orbit.
We present a versatile transmitter capable of performing both discrete variable and continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols (DV-QKD and CV-QKD, respectively). Using this transmitter, ...we implement a time-bin encoded BB84 DV-QKD protocol over a physical quantum channel of 47 km and a GG02 CV-QKD protocol with true local oscillator over a 10.5 km channel, achieving secret key rates of 4.1 kbps and 1 Mbps for DV- and CV-QKD, respectively. The reported transmitter scheme is particularly suitable for re-configurable optical networks where the QKD protocol is selected to optimize the performance according to the parameters of the links.
Aims.
We use wavefront sensing to characterise the image quality of the High Resolution Telescope (HRT) of the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (SO/PHI) data products during the second remote ...sensing window of the Solar Orbiter (SO) nominal mission phase. Our ultimate aims are to reconstruct the HRT data by deconvolving with the HRT point spread function (PSF) and to correct for the effects of optical aberrations on the data.
Methods.
We use a pair of focused–defocused images to compute the wavefront error and derive the PSF of HRT by means of a phase diversity (PD) analysis.
Results.
The wavefront error of HRT depends on the orbital distance of SO to the Sun. At distances > 0.5 au, the wavefront error is small, and stems dominantly from the inherent optical properties of HRT. At distances < 0.5 au, the thermo-optical effect of the Heat Rejection Entrance Window (HREW) becomes noticeable. We develop an interpolation scheme for the wavefront error that depends on the thermal variation of the HREW with the distance of SO to the Sun. We also introduce a new level of image reconstruction, termed ‘aberration correction’, which is designed to reduce the noise caused by image deconvolution while removing the aberrations caused by the HREW.
Conclusions.
The computed PSF via phase diversity significantly reduces the degradation caused by the HREW in the near-perihelion HRT data. In addition, the aberration correction increases the noise by a factor of only 1.45 compared to the factor of 3 increase that results from the usual PD reconstructions.
Abstract Background Cognitive symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are persistent and commonly entail neurocognitive impairment and a decline in quality of life. This systematic review gathers ...the current scientific evidence on therapeutic strategies for neuropsychological impairment in MDD. Method A systematic search on PubMed, PsycINFO and Clinicaltrials.gov was carried out on December 2016 according to PRISMA using Boolean terms to identify interventions for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in MDD. Only English-written articles providing original data and focusing in adults with MDD were included with no time restrictions. Results A total of 95 studies reporting data on 40 pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions were included. Interventions were grouped into the following categories: 1) Pharmacological Therapies (antidepressants, stimulants, compounds acting on NMDA receptors, compounds acting on the cholinergic system, compounds showing anti-inflammatory or antioxidant properties, other mechanisms of action), 2) Physical Therapies and 3) Psychological Therapies, 4) Exercise. There are some promising compounds showing a positive impact on cognitive symptoms including vortioxetine, lisdexamfetamine or erythropoietin. Limitations The studies included showed significant methodological differences in heterogeneous samples. The lack of a standardized neuropsychological battery makes comparisons between studies difficult. Conclusion Current evidence is not sufficient to widely recommend the use of procognitive treatments in MDD although promising results are coming to light.
Allostatic load (AL) relates to the neural and bodily "wear and tear" that emerge in the context of chronic stress. This paper aims to provide clinicians with a comprehensive overview of the role of ...AL in patophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) and its practical implications.
PubMed searches were conducted on English-language articles published from 1970 to June 2011 using the search terms allostatic load, oxidative stress, staging, and bipolar disorder cross-referenced with cognitive impairment, comorbidity, mediators, prevention.
Progressive neural and physical dysfunction consequent to mood episodes in BD can be construed as a cumulative state of AL. The concept of AL can help to reconcile cognitive impairment and increased rates of clinical comorbidities that occur over the course of cumulative BD episodes.
Data on transduction of psychosocial stress into the neurobiology of mood episodes converges to the concept of AL. Mood episodes prevention would not only alleviate emotional suffering, but also arrest the cycle of AL, cognitive decline, physical morbidities and, eventually, related mortality. These objectives can be achieved by focusing on effective prophylaxis from the first stages of the disorder, providing mood-stabilizing agents and standardized psychoeducation and, potentially, addressing cognitive deficits by the means of specific medication and neuropsychological interventions.
Context.
In November 2021, Solar Orbiter started its nominal mission phase. The remote-sensing instruments on board the spacecraft acquired scientific data during three observing windows surrounding ...the perihelion of the first orbit of this phase.
Aims.
The aim of the analysis is the detection of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave modes in an active region by exploiting the capabilities of spectropolarimetric measurements.
Mthods.
The High Resolution Telescope (HRT) of the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (SO/PHI) on board the Solar Orbiter acquired a high-cadence data set of an active region. This is studied in the paper. B-
ω
and phase-difference analyses are applied on line-of-sight velocity and circular polarization maps and other averaged quantities.
Results.
We find that several MHD modes at different frequencies are excited in all analysed structures. The leading sunspot shows a linear dependence of the phase lag on the angle between the magnetic field and the line of sight of the observer in its penumbra. The magnetic pore exhibits global resonances at several frequencies, which are also excited by different wave modes.
Conclusions.
The SO/PHI measurements clearly confirm the presence of magnetic and velocity oscillations that are compatible with one or more MHD wave modes in pores and a sunspot. Improvements in modelling are still necessary to interpret the relation between the fluctuations of different diagnostics.
Objective
We discuss the rationale behind staging systems described specifically for bipolar disorders. Current applications, future directions and research gaps in clinical staging models for ...bipolar disorders are outlined.
Method
We reviewed the literature pertaining to bipolar disorders, focusing on the first episode onwards. We systematically searched data on staging models for bipolar disorders and allied studies that could inform the concept of staging.
Results
We report on several dimensions that are relevant to staging concepts in bipolar disorder. We consider whether staging offers a refinement to current diagnoses by reviewing clinical studies of treatment and functioning and the potential utility of neurocognitive, neuroimaging and peripheral biomarkers.
Conclusion
Most studies to date indicate that globally defined late‐stage patients have a worse overall prognosis and poorer response to standard treatment, consistent with patterns for end‐stage medical disorders. We believe it is possible at this juncture to speak broadly of ‘early’‐ and ‘late’‐stage bipolar disorder. Next steps require further collaborative efforts to consider the details of preillness onset and intermediary stages, and how many additional stages are optimal.
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