In 1904 Alfredo Trombetti won the Premio Reale di Filologia e Linguistica, announced in 1902 by the Accademia dei Lincei, to which he had applied with his work Nessi genealogici fra le lingue del ...mondo antico. The award represented a turning point in the life of the Italian linguist, as it opened the way to his university career. This essay reconstructs Trombetti's relationship with Graziadio Isaia Ascoli and Hugo Schuchardt during the years around the time of the Premio, since the two great linguists were part of the jury. Specifically, the analysis of epistolary documents from the Accademia dei Lincei and the Hugo Schuchardt Archiv of the University of Graz allows us to highlight the different evaluation that, after an initial and official agreement, Ascoli and Schuchardt gave to Trombetti's work and his positions in favour of linguistic monogenesis. 1904 wurde Alfredo Trombetti der von der Accademia dei Lincei 1902 ausgelobte Premio Reale di Filologia e Linguistica zugesprochen, um den er sich mit seinem Werk Nessi genealogici fra le lingue del mondo antico beworben hatte. Die Zuerkennung stellte einen Wendepunkt im Leben des italienischen Sprachwissenschaftlers dar, eroffnete sie doch ihm den Weg zu einer universitaren Laufbahn. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert die Beziehung zwischen Trombetti und Graziadio Isaia Ascoli bzw. Hugo Schuchardt in dieser Zeitspanne, denn diese beiden beruhmten Sprachwissenschaftler waren Mitglieder der Jury. Insbesondere erlaubt es die Auswertung der Briefwechsel, die an der Accademia dei Lincei bzw. im Hugo Schuchardt Archiv der Universitat Graz aufbewahrt werden, die Entwicklung in den Beurteilungen von Trombettis Arbeiten herauszuarbeiten: Stimmten Ascoli und Schuchardt anfanglich noch offiziell in ihrem positiven Urteil uberein, kamen sie im weiteren Verlauf zu unterschiedlichen Einschatzungen der Annahme eines monogenetischen Sprachursprungs.
Il saggio studia la collaborazione di Giacomo Devoto alla prima edizione dell’Enciclopedia Italiana (1927-1939), rappresentata da oltre 120 articoli. L’analisi si sofferma dapprima sulle voci ...riferibili alle lingue preindoeuropee e indoeuropee; poi su quelle biografiche; e infine su quelle relative alla terminologia grammaticale e linguistica. Il saggio dimostra così l’importanza del contributo di Devoto ed evidenzia come i lavori per l’Enciclopedia Italiana costituiscano un anello di congiunzione tra le prime ricerche dell’autore di comparatistica e indoeuropeistica e i nuovi interessi di grammatica e stilistica italiana sviluppati da Devoto nella seconda metà degli anni Trenta. Giacomo Devoto linguist and grammarian of the Enciclopedia Italiana (1929-1937) This paper studies Giacomo Devoto’s contribution to the first edition of the Enciclopedia Italiana (1927-1939), represented by more than 120 entries. The analysis dwells first on the entries referring to Pre-Indo-European and Indo-European languages; then on the biographical entries; and finally on those relating to grammatical and linguistic terminology. The essay demonstrates the importance of Devoto’s contributions and shows that the work for the Enciclopedia Italiana is a link between the author’s early research in comparative and Indo-European studies and the new interests in Italian grammar and stylistics developed by Devoto in the second half of the 1930s.
Attraverso materiali epistolari e documentari provenienti da diversi archivi, l’articolo ricostruisce la collaborazione di Carlo Tagliavini alla sezione di Linguistica della prima edizione ...dell’Enciclopedia Italiana (1929-1937). Dopo la morte del suo maestro, Alfredo Trombetti, Tagliavini divenne in pochi anni, nonostante la giovanissima età, uno dei collaboratori più prolifici della sezione e uno dei responsabili delle voci riguardanti le varie famiglie linguistiche. A lui si deve inoltre la stesura, oltre all’ideazione, di alcuni degli articoli più significativi della sezione, come Lingue e Linguistica. Nell’ultima parte il saggio propone una nuova bibliografia, aggiornata, di tutti gli articoli redatti dal giovane linguista per l’Enciclopedia Italiana. Segue infine un’Appendice che trascrive i manoscritti di Tagliavini, custoditi all’Archivio Storico dell’Istituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana, delle cosiddette “voci soppresse”, ossia di quelle voci scritte e poi non pubblicate. An exceptional young collaborator: Carlo Tagliavini and the Encyclopedia Italiana (1929-1937) This article reconstructs Carlo Tagliavini’s collaboration with the Linguistics section of the first edition of the Enciclopedia Italiana (1929-1937) through correspondence and documentary materials from various archives. After the death of his mentor Alfredo Trombetti, Tagliavini, despite his very young age, became in a few years one of the most prolific contributors to the encyclopedic section and one of the heads of the entries concerning the linguistic families. He also wrote some of the most significant articles of the section, such as Lingue and Linguistica. The last part the paper proposes a new and updated bibliography of all the articles written by the young linguist for the Enciclopedia. Finally, an Appendix transcribes the manuscripts of the so-called “suppressed entries” kept in the Historical Archive of the Institute of the Italian Encyclopedia: those entries were edited by Tagliavini, but then never published.
Cet article analyse l’influence que l’image de la Provence proposée par Jean Giono a eue sur la représentation du territoire de l’extrême Ponant ligurien dans les romans de Francesco Biamonti ...(1928-2001). L’écrivain italien ne peut qu’éprouver une grande fascination pour l’œuvre de l’auteur de Manosque : il se rend compte que les transformations sociales, économiques et territoriales subies par la Provence depuis la deuxième moitié du XIXème siècle et dénoncées par Giono avec une force extraordinaire à partir des années vingt sont également celles qui ont bouleversé sa Ligurie, cinquante ans plus tard. Exactement comme la Provence de Giono, la Ligurie de Biamonti est décrite sous son double aspect : d’une part la côte bétonnée, qui est devenue le symbole d’une modernité immorale et brutale ; d’autre part l’arrière-pays qui, même à l’abandon, garde encore les traces de l’ancienne « civilisation de l’olivier » et du paysage originaire.
Il presente articolo propone alcune considerazioni linguistiche sulle Letture graduate di Giulio Tarra (pubblicate nel 1862 e ristampate in diverse edizioni nei decenni successivi), per dimostrare il ...loro apporto, nel panorama ottocentesco, alla didattica dell’italiano parlato. Analizzando la metodologia di insegnamento dell’autore, si sottolinea innanzitutto l’ideale di uno stile di scrittura semplice e modellato sulla «bona lingua parlata nella Toscana». Lo studio si concentra poi sul terzo volume del manuale: il confronto tra due differenti versioni (1868 e 1886) permette di evidenziare, con particolare riferimento alla sezione Conversazioni e corrispondenze famigliari, la ricerca del sacerdote milanese intorno a una lingua che sappia aprirsi a espressioni del parlato. Infine si dà conto, sempre da un punto di vista linguistico, del rapporto tra tradizione e innovazione nelle altre sezioni del volume. L’articolo termina con un’appendice dedicata alla probabile influenza degli scritti di Tarra sul libro Cuore di Edmondo De Amicis. «Why should we speak Tuscan Language?». Linguistic notes on Giulio Tarra’s letture graduate The article makes some comments on Giulio Tarra’s Letture graduate (published in 1862 and reissued in several editions in the following decades) and demonstrates his contributions in the field of spoken Italian didactics. Firstly, analyzing the teaching methodology of the author underlines the idea of a simple writing style, modeled on the «good language spoken in Tuscany». The study then focuses on the third volume of the textbook: the comparison between two different editions (1868 and 1886) allows the frequency of spoken expressions in the section Conversazioni e corrispondenze famigliari to be highlighted. Finally, the relationship between tradition and innovation in the other sections is also viewed from the same linguistic perspective. The article ends with an appendix dedicated to the probable influence of Tarra’s writings on Edmondo De Amicis’s Cuore.
By means of ab initio band structure methods and model Hamiltonians we investigate the electronic, spin and topological properties of four monopnictides crystallizing in bct structure. We show that ...the Weyl bands around a WP W1 or W2 possess a strong anisotropy and tilt of the accompanying Dirac cones. These effects are larger for W2 nodes than for W1 ones. The node tilts and positions in energy space significantly influence the DOS of single-particle Weyl excitations. The node anisotropies destroy the conventional picture of (anti)parallel spin and wave vector of a Weyl fermion. This also holds for the Berry curvature around a node, while the monopole charges are independent as integrated quantities. The pairing of the nodes strongly modifies the spin texture and the Berry curvature for wave vectors in between the two nodes. Spin components may change their orientation. Integrals over planes perpendicular to the connection line yield finite Zak phases and winding numbers for planes between the two nodes, thereby indicating the topological character.
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We investigate electronic and optical properties of the topological Weyl semimetals TaAs, TaP, NbAs and NbP crystallizing in bct geometry by means of the ab initio density functional theory with ...spin-orbit interaction within the independent-particle approximation. The small energetical overlap of Ta5d or Nb4d derived conduction and valence bands leads to electron and/or hole pockets near the Fermi energy at the 24 Weyl nodes. The nodes give rise to two-(three-)dimensional Dirac cones for the W
(W
) Weyl type. The band dispersion and occupation near the Weyl nodes determine the infrared optical properties. They are dominated by interband transitions, which lead to a deviation from the expected constant values of the imaginary part of the dielectric function. The resulting polarization anisotropy is also visible in the real part of the optical conductivity, whose lineshape deviates from the expected linearity. The details of the Weyl nodes are discussed in relation to recent ARPES results for TaAs and NbP, and compared with measured optical spectra for TaAs. The spectral features of the anisotropic and tilted Weyl fermions are restricted to low excitation energies above absorption onsets due to the band occupation.
Academic research often draws on multiple funding sources. This paper investigates whether complementarity or substitutability emerges when different types of funding are used. Scholars have examined ...this phenomenon at the university and scientist levels, but not at the publication level. This gap is significant since acknowledgement sections in scientific papers indicate publications are often supported by multiple funding sources. To address this gap, we examine the extent to which different funding types are jointly used in publications, and to what extent certain combinations of funding are associated with higher academic impact (citation count). We focus on three types of funding accessed by UK‐based researchers: national, international, and industry. The analysis builds on data extracted from all UK cancer‐related publications in 2011, thus providing a 10‐year citation window. Findings indicate that, although there is complementarity between national and international funding in terms of their co‐occurrence (where these are acknowledged in the same publication), when we evaluate funding complementarity in relation to academic impact (we employ the supermodularity framework), we found no evidence of such a relationship. Rather, our results suggest substitutability between national and international funding. We also observe substitutability between international and industry funding.
Absorption and emission of pristine-like semiconducting monolayers of BN, AlN, GaN, and InN are systematically studied by ab-initio methods. We calculate the absorption spectra for in-plane and ...out-of-plane light polarization including quasiparticle and excitonic effects. Chemical trends with the cation of the absorption edge and the exciton binding are discussed in terms of the band structures. Exciton binding energies and localization radii are explained within the Rytova-Keldysh model for excitons in two dimensions. The strong excitonic effects are due to the interplay of low dimensionality, confinement effects, and reduced screening. We find exciton radiative lifetimes ranging from tenths of picoseconds (BN) to tenths of nanoseconds (InN) at room temperature, thus making 2D nitrides, especially InN, promising materials for light-emitting diodes and high-performance solar cells.
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