infections are common in dogs and are mainly caused by assemblages C and D. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the presence of
and different
assemblages detected in ...symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs and the occurrence of certain clinical signs. All the dogs included (
= 82) were clinically examined, and fecal samples were examined for other parasites and
spp. Also,
assemblages were detected and the occurrence of certain clinical signs was assessed. A total of 42/82 (51.2%) dogs were symptomatic and had one or more gastrointestinal signs, and 40/82 (48.8%) dogs were asymptomatic.
was found in 25/82 (30.5%) dogs: assemblage C in 10/25 (40%) and assemblage D in 15/25 (60%). Only
spp. showed a higher coinfection rate with
but that did not have an influence on clinical sign appearance. There was no correlation between the presence of different assemblages of
and the sex of the host or the duration and appearance of certain clinical signs, except the presence of mucus in feces, which was more frequent in dogs invaded with
assemblage C. Further research of other assemblages is needed.
The role of G. duodenalis in the onset of a broad variety of clinical signs, from asymptomatic to acute and chronic diarrhea, is still being questioned. The aim of this study was to investigate the ...correlation between the presence of Giardia duodenalis and different Giardia assemblages detected in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs and the occurrence of certain clinical signs. In fecal analysis, G. duodenalis and its assemblages and other parasites/pathogens were correlated with clinical signs in eighty-two dogs. Of all the dogs, 42 had gastrointestinal clinical signs and G. duodenalis was found in 30.5% of dogs, 40% of which presented with assemblage C and 60% with assemblage D. G. duodenalis was more common in shelter dogs. Of other parasites, only Cryptosporidium spp. showed a higher coinfection rate with G. duodenalis but that did not have an influence on clinical sign appearance. There was no correlation between the presence of different assemblages of G. duodenalis and the sex of the host or the duration and appearance of certain clinical signs, except the presence of mucus in feces, which was more frequent in dogs invaded with G. duodenalis assemblage C. Giardia duodenalis infections are common in dogs and are mainly caused by assemblages C and D. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the presence of Giardia duodenalis and different Giardia assemblages detected in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs and the occurrence of certain clinical signs. All the dogs included (n = 82) were clinically examined, and fecal samples were examined for other parasites and Clostridium spp. Also, G. duodenalis assemblages were detected and the occurrence of certain clinical signs was assessed. A total of 42/82 (51.2%) dogs were symptomatic and had one or more gastrointestinal signs, and 40/82 (48.8%) dogs were asymptomatic. G. duodenalis was found in 25/82 (30.5%) dogs: assemblage C in 10/25 (40%) and assemblage D in 15/25 (60%). Only Cryptosporidium spp. showed a higher coinfection rate with G. duodenalis but that did not have an influence on clinical sign appearance. There was no correlation between the presence of different assemblages of G. duodenalis and the sex of the host or the duration and appearance of certain clinical signs, except the presence of mucus in feces, which was more frequent in dogs invaded with G. duodenalis assemblage C. Further research of other assemblages is needed.
Endokrini sustav je najčešće mjesto nastanka tumora u tvorova. Inzulinom je najčešće funkcionalan, neuroendokrini tumor β-stanica gušterače koji je prema pojavnosti na prvom mjestu, a na drugom je ...mjestu tumor nadbubrežne žlijezde. Za ovu je bolest kronična hipoglikemija karakteristična, kao i klinički simptomi poput ataksije stražnjih udova, letargije i kolapsa. Napretkom bolesti ozbiljnost kliničkih simptoma se povećava i konačno dolazi do nepovratnih cerebralnih lezija. Postavljanje dijagnoze inzulinoma temelji se na kombinaciji karakterističnih kliničkih simptoma i niske koncentracije glukoze u krvi. Terapija je medicinska ili kirurška ili njihova kombinacija. Cilj liječenja je stabilizacija pacijenta kroz određeno vremensko razdoblje te je vlasnicima potrebno objasniti da trajno izlječenje nije moguće. Ovo je istraživanje provedeno na 50 tvorova, što je činilo 17,5 % od ukupno zaprimljenih i pregledanih tvorova na Klinici za unutarnje bolesti Veterinarskog fakulteta u Zagrebu, u vremenskom razdoblju od 8 godina, a u kojih je postavljena dijagnoza inzulinoma. Uočena je blaga spolna predispozicija (češće u mužjaka) za razvoj ove bolesti te učestalija
pojavnost u tvorova starije dobi. Najčešće opaženi klinički simptomi bili su: ataksija stražnjih ekstremiteta, letargija, kolaps, gubitak tjelesne mase i gubitak apetita. Na temelju dijagnostičkih podataka, potvrdili smo da je mjerenje koncentracije glukoze u krvi bio najčešći način postavljanja dijagnoze, s najčešća metoda liječenja bila je medikamentozna terapija korištenjem glukokortikoida.
The aim of the study was to establish breed-specific hematological and biochemical reference intervals (RI) for Croatian Posavac horses. Strict criteria were established for inclusion of reference ...subjects, blood specimen collection and handling. Blood samples from 125 healthy, adult Croatian Posavac horses of both sexes (94 mares and 31 stallions) were used to determine RIs. Statistical analysis was performed according to the 2012 ASVCP guidelines for nonparametric RIs. RIs for hematological parameters from this study were quite compatible with RIs for warmblood horses for 11 out of the 20 measured parameters. The reported biochemical RIs in our study agree well with RIs for a mixed population of Croatian coldblood breeds, except for LDH, GGT and ALP. The RI for total protein and albumin differ substantially from the published RIs, and from a clinical viewpoint further investigation is warranted. The RIs established in this study provide a useful baseline for the clinical assessment of hematological and biochemical data of Croatian Posavac horses. Key words: Croatian Posavac horse; hematological; biochemical; reference interval; breed specific Svrha ovoga istraivanjabilaje utvrditi referentne intervale za hematoloke i biokemijske parametre u konja pasmine hrvatski posavac. Postavljeni su strogi kriteriji odabira konja za istraivanje te sakupljanja i postupka s uzorcima krvi. Uzorci krvi od 125 zdravih odraslih posavaca oba spola (94 kobile i 31 pastuha) koriteni su za odredivanje referentnih intervala. Statisticka analiza ucinjena je u skladu s preporukom ASVCP-a iz 2012. za neparametrijske referentne intervale. Dobivene vrijednosti referentnih intervala za biokemijske parametre iz naega istraivanja u skladu su s referentnim intervalima objavljenim za dvije hrvatske hladnokrvne pasmine zajedno, osim za LDH, GGT i ALP. Referentni interval za ukupne proteine i albumine u naem istraivanju u velikoj mjeri odstupa od dosad objavljenih referentnih intervala i smatramo da je potrebno provesti dodatna istraivanja. Referentni intervali utvrdeni u ovom istraivanju korisna su osnova u klinickoj interpretaciji nalaza hematolokih i biokemijskih pretraga u hrvatskog posavca. Kljucne rijeci: hrvatski posavac; hematologija; biokemija; referentni interval; pasminska svojstva
Piroplazmoza je hemoprotozojska bolest široke geografske rasprostranjenosti i svjetskog značenja. U kopitara piroplazmozu
prouzroče paraziti Theileria equi i Babesia caballi. Pojava piroplazmoze usko ...je vezana uz geografsku rasprostranjenost i sezonsku aktivnost vektora, krpelja šikare (fam. Ixodidae). Intrareritrocitne piroplazme T. equi i B. caballi prouzroče akutnu, supakutnu ili kroničnu bolest u kopitara, a mogu prouzročiti i neonatalnu piroplazmozu, a u kobila i pobačaj. Patogenost i klinička manifestacija nisu jednaki za oba uzročnika piroplazmoze konja, a njihove su razlike rezultat specifičnosti životnih ciklusa tih protozoa. Veliki broj konja ostaje supklinički invadirano s niskom parazitemijom i inaparentnom bolesti. Dijagnostika piroplazmoze konja se provodi izravnim (dokaz uzročnika) i neizravnim metodama (dokaz specifičnih protutijela). Diferencijalne dijagnoze piroplazmoze konja uključuju influencu, infekcioznu anemiju kopitara te anaplazmozu i boreliozu kao znatne krpeljima prenosive bolesti konja.
The medical records databases (March 2016 to March 2021) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, were examined to determine the frequency and clinical relevance of cytological ...diagnoses from fine-needle fenestration biopsy (FNFB) of the spleen in dogs with visible ultrasound changes. Seventy-five dogs were divided into clinically relevant and irrelevant groups, according to the clinical relevance of the diagnosis. The incidence of clinically relevant diagnoses was 28/75 (37.3%). Malignant diagnoses were over-represented (23/28; 82.1%), followed by hemorrhages/hematomas (3/28; 10.7%) and suppurative inflammation (2/28; 7.1%). The most common malignancy was lymphoma (12/28; 42.9%). There was no correlation between the ultrasound lesions examined and the relevant cytological diagnoses, except in cases of patchy echo texture (P = 0.010). Lesion size greater than 1.74 cm had the highest sensitivity/specificity values (91.3%; 42.1%) with a significant area under the curve (AUC) of 0.68 (P = 0.029) for predicting clinically relevant findings. The complication rate due to bleeding was 2/130 (1.5%). In conclusion, splenic FNFB can be safely performed in dogs as it carries a low risk of development of complications. Specific ultrasonographic findings, such as patchy echo texture pattern, may increase the suspicion of the presence of neoplastic disease in the form of lymphoma. According to ROC analysis, lesion size greater than 1.74 increases the possibility of predicting clinically relevant findings.
The records of all canine patients (86) that had been diagnosed with babesiosis and that were admitted to the Clinic for Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb from January 2007 to ...December 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. All dogs that had been diagnosed with canine babesiosis and that had systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) followed by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and refractory hypotension, were included in this study. Of 86 patients diagnosed with canine babesiosis that were admitted during the study period, 10 had evidence of septic shock and were included in this study. Seven of the 10 dogs had a level of parasitaemia above 1%, with the highest level being 20.2%, seven of the 10 dogs were anaemic and three of the 10 dogs were leucopoenic. Thrombocytopenia was present in nine dogs. Hypoglycaemia was noted in two dogs, and bilirubinaemia in nine dogs.
Four patients had involvement of two organs, five had involvement of three organs, and one had involvement of four organs. The organ that was most frequently involved was the kidney (nine cases). Central nervous system dysfunction was the rarest complication noted (one case). The mortality rate in non-septic shock canine babesiosis was 2.6%. All dogs that developed septic shock died between the first and the fourth day after admission. The 100% mortality rate that is reported here reflects the fact that in cases in which progression of the inflammatory response leads to the development of septic shock, an unfavourable outcome should be expected.
Cilj istraživanja je bio ustvrditi standardne vrijednosti za frekvenciju srčnog rada i učestalost srčanog aritmija u hrvatskog posavca i lipicanca. U istraživanje su bila uključena 82 zdrava konja, ...različitog spola i dobi, 32 lipicanca i 50 posavaca. Svim je konjima u baznovršnom odvodu snimljen EKG u trajanju od 5 minuta. Iz snimljenog elektrokardiograma je određena srčana frekvencija, ritam i tip eventualne aritmije. Ustvrđena srednja vrijednost frekvencije (±SD) za sve konje uključene u istraživanje je 52,9 (±12,7) otkucaja u minuti, što je znatno više od bilo koje od objavljenih vrijednosti za konje do sada. Ustvrđena je učestalost aritmija od 2,4 %. Visoka frekvencija i niska učestalost srčanih artimija mogu biti pasminska karakteristika, ali mišljenja smo da su ove vrijednosti posljedica neprikladnosti primjene ambulantne elektrokardiografije u konja. Smatramo da je za istraživanje elektrokardiografskih karakteristika konja uvijek potrebno životinjama snimiti 24 satni Holter EKG u uobičajenim uvjetima držanja.
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