Data obtained with two detectors located at the Tunka Cosmic Ray facility are presented. The Cherenkov light array for registration of extensive air showers (EAS) Tunka-133 collected data during 5 ...winter seasons since 2009 to 2014. The differential energy spectrum of all particles and the dependence of the average maximum depth on the energy in the range of 6 · 1015−1018 eV measured for 1540 hours of observation are presented. The preliminary all particle energy spectrum by the data of Tunka-HiSCORE prototype array, installed in 2013, is presented. Some additional experiments in the Tunka Valley are briefly described.
Abstract
We present the results of MASTER Global Robotic Net optical observations of LIGO/Virgo S200224ca error-box (O3 set). We observed 380 square degrees inside the 3
σ
error box during 1 month. ...We present optical transients found by MASTER auto-detection system during this inspection. They are not the optical counterparts, but the result of MASTER observation strategy, that is is briefly discussed. Also we present short analysis of Swift-UVOT, -XRT transients in MASTER database since 2010.
Abstract
We present MASTER observations from inspecting the large error-box associated with LIGO/Virgo G270590, and our observational strategy. MASTER observed 6292 square degrees inside the 3
σ
...error box. We present new optical sources detected during this inspection.
Abstract
We present the results of MASTER Global Robotic Net optical observations of the region within the LIGO/Virgo S200219ac error-box, triggered during the O3 run. We observed 1124 square degrees ...inside the 3
σ
error box during a half month. We present the identified optical transients found during this study, which are not related to gravitational waves, and briefly discuss the MASTER observation strategy.
The EAS Cherenkov light array Tunka-133, with \(\sim\) 3 km\(^2\) geometric area, is taking data since 2009.The array permits a detailed study of energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays ...in the energy range from \(6\cdot 10^{15}\) to \(10^{18}\) eV. We describe the methods of time and amplitude calibration of the array and the methods of EAS parameters reconstruction. We present the all-particle energy spectrum, based on 7 seasons of operation.
Measurement of polarized light provides a direct probe of magnetic fields in collimated outflows (jets) of relativistic plasma from accreting stellar-mass black holes at cosmological distances. These ...outflows power brief and intense flashes of prompt gamma-rays known as Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), followed by longer-lived afterglow radiation detected across the electromagnetic spectrum. Rapid-response polarimetric observations of newly discovered GRBs have probed the initial afterglow phase. Linear polarization degrees as high as Π∼30% are detected minutes after the end of the prompt GRB emission, consistent with a stable, globally ordered magnetic field permeating the jet at large distances from the central source. In contrast, optical and gamma-ray observations during the prompt phase led to discordant and often controversial results, and no definitive conclusions on the origin of the prompt radiation or the configuration of the magnetic field could be derived. Here we report the detection of linear polarization of a prompt optical flash that accompanied the extremely energetic and long-lived prompt gamma-ray emission from GRB 160625B. Our measurements probe the structure of the magnetic field at an early stage of the GRB jet, closer to the central source, and show that the prompt GRB phase is produced via fast cooling synchrotron radiation in a large-scale magnetic field advected from the central black hole and distorted from dissipation processes within the jet.
Multiple myeloma is a usually incurable malignancy of plasma cells. New therapies are urgently needed for multiple myeloma. Adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells is ...a promising new therapy for hematologic malignancies, but an ideal target antigen for CAR-expressing T-cell therapies for multiple myeloma has not been identified. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is a protein that has been reported to be selectively expressed by B-lineage cells including multiple myeloma cells. Our goal was to determine if BCMA is a suitable target for CAR-expressing T cells.
We conducted an assessment of BCMA expression in normal human tissues and multiple myeloma cells by flow cytometry, quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry. We designed and tested novel anti-BCMA CARs.
BCMA had a restricted RNA expression pattern. Except for expression in plasma cells, BCMA protein was not detected in normal human tissues. BCMA was not detected on primary human CD34(+) hematopoietic cells. We detected uniform BCMA cell-surface expression on primary multiple myeloma cells from five of five patients. We designed the first anti-BCMA CARs to be reported and we transduced T cells with lentiviral vectors encoding these CARs. The CARs gave T cells the ability to specifically recognize BCMA. The anti-BCMA-CAR-transduced T cells exhibited BCMA-specific functions including cytokine production, proliferation, cytotoxicity, and in vivo tumor eradication. Importantly, anti-BCMA-CAR-transduced T cells recognized and killed primary multiple myeloma cells.
BCMA is a suitable target for CAR-expressing T cells, and adoptive transfer of anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing T cells is a promising new strategy for treating multiple myeloma.
A new array for studying ultra-high energy cosmic rays was inaugurated in 2009 in the Tunka Valley, about 50 km from Lake Baikal. Having an area of 1 km
2
, the new facility allows us to study cosmic ...rays with energies of 10
15
–10
18
eV via the a unified method for registering Cherenkov radiation from extensive air showers (EASes) and is making a substantial contribution to understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We describe the current state of the experiment, the new methodological approach, our initial results, and the plans for further development of the array.
Intracranial stenosis is one of the most common etiologies of stroke. To our knowledge, no randomized clinical trials have compared balloon-expandable stent treatment with medical therapy in ...symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the balloon-expandable stent plus medical therapy vs medical therapy alone in patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis (≥70%).
VISSIT (the Vitesse Intracranial Stent Study for Ischemic Stroke Therapy) trial is an international, multicenter, 1:1 randomized, parallel group trial that enrolled patients from 27 sites (January 2009-June 2012) with last follow-up in May 2013.
Patients (N = 112) were randomized to receive balloon-expandable stent plus medical therapy (stent group; n = 59) or medical therapy alone (medical group; n = 53).
a composite of stroke in the same territory within 12 months of randomization or hard transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the same territory day 2 through month 12 postrandomization. A hard TIA was defined as a transient episode of neurological dysfunction caused by focal brain or retinal ischemia lasting at least 10 minutes but resolving within 24 hours. Primary safety measure: a composite of any stroke, death, or intracranial hemorrhage within 30 days of randomization and any hard TIA between days 2 and 30 of randomization. Disability was measured with the modified Rankin Scale and general health status with the EuroQol-5D, both through month 12.
Enrollment was halted by the sponsor after negative results from another trial prompted an early analysis of outcomes, which suggested futility after 112 patients of a planned sample size of 250 were enrolled. The 30-day primary safety end point occurred in more patients in the stent group (14/58; 24.1% 95% CI, 13.9%-37.2%) vs the medical group (5/53; 9.4% 95% CI, 3.1%-20.7%) (P = .05). Intracranial hemorrhage within 30 days occurred in more patients in the stent group (5/58; 8.6% 95% CI, 2.9%-19.0%) vs none in the medical group (95% CI, 0%-5.5%) (P = .06). The 1-year primary outcome of stroke or hard TIA occurred in more patients in the stent group (21/58; 36.2% 95% CI, 24.0-49.9) vs the medical group (8/53; 15.1% 95% CI, 6.7-27.6) (P = .02). Worsening of baseline disability score (modified Rankin Scale) occurred in more patients in the stent group (14/58; 24.1% 95% CI, 13.9%-37.2%) vs the medical group (6/53; 11.3% 95% CI, 4.3%-23.0%) (P = .09).The EuroQol-5D showed no difference in any of the 5 dimensions between groups at 12-month follow-up.
Among patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis, the use of a balloon-expandable stent compared with medical therapy resulted in an increased 12-month risk of added stroke or TIA in the same territory, and increased 30-day risk of any stroke or TIA. These findings do not support the use of a balloon-expandable stent for patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis.
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00816166.
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