The gut-brain axis has been potentially proposed as a link between the intake of fermented dairy foods and depression. We carried out this meta-analysis on published cohort studies to estimate the ...overall depression risk of fermented dairy foods intake.
We searched the CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and PubMed databases for all articles within a range of published years from 2010 to 2022 on the association between fermented dairy foods intake and depression.
Finally, 8 studies met the inclusion criteria for this study, with 83,533 participants. Overall, there was statistical evidence of significantly decreased depression risk was found to be associated with fermented dairy foods intake (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.98). In subgroup analysis, cheese and yogurt consumptions were significantly associated with decreased depression risk (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84-0.98 for cheese and OR = 0. 84, 95% CI = 0.72-0.99 for yogurt). However, we failed to find superabundant intake of fermented dairy foods intake decreased the risk of depression.
Our meta-analysis indicated that fermented dairy foods intake may have potential beneficial effect on depression via the gut-brain axis.
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) relies on MutS and MutL ATPases for mismatch recognition and strand-specific nuclease recruitment to remove mispaired bases in daughter strands. However, whether the ...MutS-MutL complex coordinates MMR by ATP-dependent sliding on DNA or protein-protein interactions between the mismatch and strand discrimination signal is ambiguous. Using functional MMR assays and systems preventing proteins from sliding, we show that sliding of human MutSα is required not for MMR initiation, but for final mismatch removal. MutSα recruits MutLα to form a mismatch-bound complex, which initiates MMR by nicking the daughter strand 5' to the mismatch. Exonuclease 1 (Exo1) is then recruited to the nick and conducts 5' → 3' excision. ATP-dependent MutSα dissociation from the mismatch is necessary for Exo1 to remove the mispaired base when the excision reaches the mismatch. Therefore, our study has resolved a long-standing puzzle, and provided new insights into the mechanism of MMR initiation and mispair removal.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid hormones that are essential for plant growth and development. These hormones control the division, elongation and differentiation of various cell types throughout ...the entire plant life cycle. Over the past few decades, studies on BRs caught the attention of plant scientists due to their versatile ability in mitigating various environmental stresses. Additionally, BR also involved in maintaining the quality of postharvest produces, by enhancing their resistance against abiotic and biotic stress. Furthermore, BRs are non-toxic and eco-friendly; this aids its importance in coping with adverse environmental conditions without disturbing the balance of the ecosystem. Our review summarized the structural characteristic and distribution of BRs in plants, role in postharvest technology, biotic stress tolerance, improving resistance against pesticide, organic pollutant toxicity and nodule formation and mycorrhization. This review provides useful information on BRs and its effects on plant system that we believe could be useful in maintaining environmental sustainability.
Rhizome of
, which is called EZhu in China, is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat blood stasis for many years. However, the underlying mechanism of EZhu is not clear at present. In this ...study, plasma metabolomics combined with network pharmacology were used to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of EZhu in blood stasis from a metabolic perspective. The results showed that 26 potential metabolite markers of acute blood stasis were screened, and the levels were all reversed to different degrees by EZhu preadministration. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that the improvement of blood stasis by
rhizome was mainly related to lipid metabolism (linoleic acid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism) and amino acid metabolisms (tryptophan metabolism, lysine degradation). The component-target-pathway network showed that 68 target proteins were associated with 21 chemical components in EZhu. Five metabolic pathways of the network, including linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, were consistent with plasma metabolomics results. In conclusion, plasma metabolomics combined with network pharmacology can be helpful to clarify the mechanism of EZhu in improving blood stasis and to provide a literature basis for further research on the therapeutic mechanism of EZhu in clinical practice.
Abstract
Molecular chaperone HSP70s are attractive targets for cancer therapy, but their substrate broadness and functional non-specificity have limited their role in therapeutical success. ...Functioning as HSP70’s cochaperones, HSP40s determine the client specificity of HSP70s, and could be better targets for cancer therapy. Here we show that tumors defective in HSP40 member DNAJA2 are benefitted from immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Mechanistically, DNAJA2 maintains centrosome homeostasis by timely degrading key centriolar satellite proteins PCM1 and CEP290 via HSC70 chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Tumor cells depleted of DNAJA2 or CMA factor LAMP2A exhibit elevated levels of centriolar satellite proteins, which causes aberrant mitosis characterized by abnormal spindles, chromosome missegregation and micronuclei formation. This activates the cGAS-STING pathway to enhance ICB therapy response in tumors derived from DNAJA2-deficient cells. Our study reveals a role for DNAJA2 to regulate mitotic division and chromosome stability and suggests DNAJA2 as a potential target to enhance cancer immunotherapy, thereby providing strategies to advance HSPs-based cancer therapy.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a representative probiotic. As the dominant flora in the human intestinal tract, LAB can regulate the balance of human intestinal flora and improve host health. The ...purpose of this study was to isolate and screen LAB that are well suited to the intestinal characteristics of the Chinese population, with excellent probiotics and high antibacterial activity. After 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) homology and phylogenetic tree analysis, potential probiotics were tested for their antibacterial activity, resistance to artificial gastrointestinal fluid and drugs, surface hydrophobicity, and safety. Three strains of LAB with acid resistance, bile salt resistance, epithelial cell adhesion, and no multidrug resistance were selected:
Lactobacillus salivarius, Leuconostoc lactis
, and
Lactobacillus paracasei
. Analysis of the antibacterial active substances in the three strains and their fermentation broths revealed that the main antibacterial substances of
L. lactis
were organic acids, whereas those of
L. salivarius
and
L. paracasei
were organic acids and bacteriocins with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. These three strains of probiotic LAB with high antibacterial activity were identified as bacterial resources that could potentially be used to develop probiotic preparations for the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases caused by intestinal pathogens.
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays essential roles in eukaryotic cells during DNA replication, DNA mismatch repair (MMR), and other events at the replication fork. Earlier studies show ...that PCNA is regulated by posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation of tyrosine 211 (Y211) by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, the functional significance of Y211-phosphorylated PCNA remains unknown. Here, we show that PCNA phosphorylation by EGFR alters its interaction with mismatch-recognition proteins MutSα and MutSβ and interferes with PCNA-dependent activation of MutLα endonuclease, thereby inhibiting MMR at the initiation step. Evidence is also provided that Y211-phosphorylated PCNA induces nucleotide misincorporation during DNA synthesis. These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which Y211-phosphorylated PCNA promotes cancer development and progression via facilitating error-prone DNA replication and suppressing the MMR function.
Significance DNA replication accuracy is critical for genetic stability and is ensured by high-fidelity replicative DNA polymerases and the mismatch repair (MMR) system, both of which are regulated by the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Dysfunction of either system leads to genome instability and cancer development. Interestingly, many types of cancers have no obvious defects in either system, but they display increased mutation frequency during development. The underlying mechanism is unknown. We demonstrate here that PCNA tyrosine phosphorylation by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibits MMR and promotes misincorporation during DNA synthesis. This study therefore discovers a novel mechanism promoting genome instability and explains why progression of many cancer types is associated with EGFR overexpression and/or activation.
Kinship analysis is a crucial aspect of forensic genetics. This study analyzed 1,222 publications on kinship analysis from 1960 to 2023 using bibliometric analysis techniques, investigating the ...annual publication and citation patterns, most productive countries, organizations, authors and journals, most cited documents and co-occurrence of keywords. The initial publication in this field occurred in 1960. Since 2007, there has been a significant increase in publications, with over 30 published annually except for 2010. China had the most publications ( n = 213, 17.43%), followed by the United States ( n = 175, 14.32%) and Germany ( n = 89, 7.28%). The United States also had the highest citation count. Sichuan University in China has the largest number of published articles. The University of Leipzig and the University of Cologne in Germany exhibit the highest total citation count and average citation, respectively. Budowle B was the most prolific author and Kayser M was the most cited author. In terms of publications, Forensic Science International- Genetics , Forensic Science International , and International Journal of Legal Medicine were the most prolific journals. Among them, Forensic Science International-Genetics boasted the highest h-index, citation count, and average citation rate. The most frequently cited publication was “Van Oven M, 2009, Hum Mutat”, with a total of 1,361 citations. The most frequent co-occurrence keyword included “DNA”, “Loci”, “Paternity testing”, “Population”, “Markers”, and “Identification”, with recent interest focusing on “Kinship analysis”, “SNP” and “Inference”. The current research is centered around microhaplotypes, forensic genetic genealogy, and massively parallel sequencing. The field advanced with new DNA analysis methods, tools, and genetic markers. Collaborative research among nations, organizations, and authors benefits idea exchange, problem-solving efficiency, and high-quality results.
Microbial forensics is a rapidly evolving discipline that has gained significant momentum in recent years. The study evaluated relevant results over the last four decades from 1984 to 2022 all over ...the world, aiming to analyze the growing trends and research orientations of microbial forensics. Using "microbial forensics" as the search topic in the Web of Science Core Collection, the systematic retrieval identified 579 documents relevant to the field and draw many statistical tables and maps to make the retrieval results visible. According to further bibliometric analysis, there are an increasing number of publications related to microbial forensics from the overall trend, with the highest number of publications recorded in 2021. In terms of the total number of articles, the USA and China were both the leading contributors to the field among 40 countries. The field has developed rapidly in recent years based on the development of next-generation sequencing. Over the course of its development, there are rich keywords in the research of scholars, which focus on diversity and identification. Moreover, despite the early hot topic being PCR (the use of PCR to probe microorganisms), in recent years, the topics, markers, and the potential application of microorganisms in forensic practice have become hot, which also indicates the future research directions of microbial forensic.
Soybean oil body (SOB) has potential as a milk fat substitute due to its ideal emulsification, stability and potential biological activity. In this study, SOB was used as a milk fat substitute to ...prepare ice cream, expecting to reduce the content of saturated fatty acid and improve the quality defects of ice cream products caused by the poor stability of milk fat at low temperatures. This study investigated the effect of SOB as a milk fat substitute (the substitution amount was 10-50%) on ice cream through apparent viscosity, particle size, overrun, melting, texture, sensory and digestive properties. The results show SOB substitution for milk fat significantly increased the apparent viscosity and droplet uniformity and decreased the particle size of the ice cream mixes, indicating that there were lots of intermolecular interactions to improve ice cream stability. In addition, ice cream with 30% to 50% SOB substitution had better melting properties and texture characteristics. The ice cream with 40% SOB substitution had the highest overall acceptability. Furthermore, SOB substitution for milk fat increased unsaturated fatty acid content in ice cream and fatty acid release during digestion, which had potential health benefits for consumers. Therefore, SOB as a milk fat substitute may be an effective way to improve the nutritional value and quality characteristics of dairy products.
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