The aims of this study were to explore the correlation between the expression of EpCAM and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in human colon cancer and its clinical significance for the evaluation of cancer ...prognosis. Samples from colon cancer, para-carcinoma, or benign intestinal tissue from individual patients (50) and from normal intestinal mucosal tissues (20) were obtained from the Pathology Department of the Shandong Province Binzhou People's Hospital (Shandong, China). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of EpCAM and β-catenin proteins in these tissues, and the prognoses of the patients from whom the samples were derived were determined on follow-up examination. The corresponding in vitro mechanistic siRNA experiments were subsequently performed in the human colon cancer cell line HCT116 to observe the regulatory effects of silencing EpCAM expression on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. From these analyses, we determined that the expression levels of EpCAM and β-catenin were higher in cancer tissues compared with other tissues from the same patient, and that the expression of EpCAM and Wnt/β- catenin in colon cancers were positively correlated. The prognostic analysis showed an inverse correlation between EpCAM and Wnt/β- catenin expression and patient prognosis. A further examination of cellular mechanisms confirmed that the silencing of EpCAM led to decreased expression of Wnt/β-catenin, and thus reduced proliferation and increased the apoptosis ratio in the cells. These results suggest that suppression of EpCAM might be a new approach for treating colon cancer.
The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of CoFe
2O
4 under uniaxial strain along 0
0
1 direction has been studied by using the linear muffin-tin orbital method within the density functional theory. ...The calculated uniaxial anisotropy constant
K
out is positive for extensive in-plane (0
0
1) strains and is negative for compressive in-plane strains. The positive value of
K
out indicates that a CoFe
2O
4 film under an extensive in-plane strain would show the out-of-plane 0
0
1 magnetization.
First-principles magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy calculations for FCC Co and Ni strained uniaxially along the 0
0
1, 0
0
1 and 1
1
1 directions, have been performed to evaluate their ...phenomenologically defined anisotropy and magnetoelastic constants. In the cubic limit, the calculated magnetoelastic coupling constant
B
1
of Co and
B
2
of Ni agree well with experiments. The calculated Co
B
1
and
B
2
show a pronounced dependence on both the strain size and orientation whereas that of Ni remain almost constant in the strain region below 2.5%.
The influence of surface roughness in the prediction of the mean flow and turbulent properties of a high-speed supersonic (
M
=
2.7,
Re/
m
=
2
×
10
7) turbulent boundary layer flow over a flat plate ...is numerically investigated. In particular, the performance of the
k–
ω and stress–
ω turbulence models is evaluated against the available experimental data. Even though the performance of these models have been proven satisfactory in the computation of incompressible boundary layer flow over rough surfaces, their validity for high-speed compressible has not been investigated yet. It is observed from this study that, for smooth surface, both
k–
ω and stress–
ω models perform very well in predicting the mean flow and turbulence quantities in supersonic flow. For rough surfaces, both models matched the experimental data fairly well for lower roughness heights but performed unsatisfactorily for higher roughness conditions. Overall the performance of the
k–
ω model is better than the stress–
ω model. The stress–
ω model does not show any strong advantages to make up for the extra computational cost associated with it. The predictions indicate that the
ω boundary conditions at the wall in both models, especially the stress–
ω model, need to be refined and reconsidered to include the geometric factor for supersonic flow over surfaces with large roughness values.
An analytical model is presented to study the adsorption and migration of atoms/ions on the surface of two-dimensional nanocrystal. An atom/ion interacts with every atom of the two-dimensional ...nanocrystal through a pairwise potential which can be approximated by the Lennard-Jones (L-J) potential. Using the Fourier expansion of the interaction potential, the total interaction energy between the adsorption atom/ion and the two-dimensional nanocrystal is derived. Adsorption energy and adsorption stability of a hydrogen atom are analyzed on three special sites for three kinds of typical crystal surfaces. The interaction potential of the hydrogen atom migrating along specific paths on the surface of three kinds of typical nanocrystals is illustrated and analyzed.
The objective of this paper is to predict the entire stress/ strain curves and the loss of stiffness with damage for sheet-moulding-compound (SMC) composites. This is achieved by developing a ...statistical micro-macro relationship with the help of the model of Mori and Tanaka. In the case of an SMC composite with a 32% fiber volume fraction, debonding at the fiber/matrix interfaces is the predominant ‘microdamage’ mechanism. In order to relate the microstructure, and its local perturbations, to the macroscopic damaged behaviour, we introduce a statistical local damage criterion and the concept of the equivalent damaged inclusion in the micro-macro relationship of Mori and Tanaka. This paper shows the relationship between the statistical interface failure criterion and the scattering observed on the macroscopic mechanical test results.
Abstract
A dynamic simulation model for a battery pack is an important prerequisite for the simulation of electric vehicles. As the battery pack is a highly non-linear system, and their dynamic ...behaviour depends on different parameters, it is difficult to establish the relationship between the load voltage and the current under different temperatures and states of charge. Furthermore, the input and output data usually contain noise; therefore, the traditional neural-network-based model is affected while training the parameters. To solve the problem, a stochastic fuzzy neural network (SFNN) which has a filtering effect on the noisy input is used to model the battery non-linear dynamics in this paper. In the parameter-learning algorithm for the SFNN, a novel cost function which contains the error variables is studied. Then, the modelling test is performed on an 80A h nickel—metal hydride (Ni—MH) battery pack and the SFNN-based model for the Ni—MH battery pack is set up. The Federal Urban Driving Schedule cycle is performed to test the model. Compared with the traditional neural-network-based model, the SFNN model can simulate the battery dynamic better and has a filtering effect on the noisy input which is more suitable for practical applications.
Stormwater runoff samples were collected from 10 source areas in Mountain City, Chongqing, during five rain events in an attempt to investigate the characteristics of runoff quality and influencing ...factors. The outcomes are expected to offer practical guidance of sources control of urban runoff pollution. The results indicated that the stormwater runoff of Mountain City presented a strong first flush for almost all events and constituents. The runoff quality indices were also influenced by the rainfall intensity. The concentration of TSS, COD, TN and TP decreased as the rainfall intensity increased. The concentrations of COD and TP in stormwater runoff were highly correlated with TSS concentrations. Suspended solid matter were not only the main pollutant of stormwater runoff but also served as the vehicle for transport of organic matter and phosphorus. Organic matter and phosphorus in stormwatrer runoff were mainly bound to particles, whereas nitrogen was predominantly dissolved, with ammonia and nitrate. A s
Individuals with cancer may be at high risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and adverse outcomes. However, evidence from large population‐based studies examining whether cancer and ...cancer‐related therapy exacerbates the risk of COVID‐19 infection is still limited. Data were collected from the COVID Symptom Study smartphone application since March 29 through May 8, 2020. Among 23,266 participants with cancer and 1,784,293 without cancer, we documented 10,404 reports of a positive COVID‐19 test. Compared with participants without cancer, those living with cancer had a 60% increased risk of a positive COVID‐19 test. Among patients with cancer, current treatment with chemotherapy or immunotherapy was associated with a 2.2‐fold increased risk of a positive test. The association between cancer and COVID‐19 infection was stronger among participants >65 years and males. Future studies are needed to identify subgroups by tumor types and treatment regimens who are particularly at risk for COVID‐19 infection and adverse outcomes.
Patients with cancer may be at a higher risk for COVID‐19; however, supporting evidence from large population‐based studies is still limited. This study examined whether incidence of infection is higher in individuals with cancer.
PDF
