NFκB and Kidney Injury Song, Ning; Thaiss, Friedrich; Guo, Linlin
Frontiers in immunology,
04/2019, Letnik:
10
Journal Article
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Odprti dostop
The global burden of chronic kidney disease will increase during the next century. As NFκB, first described more than 30 years ago, plays a major role in immune and non-immune-mediated diseases and ...in inflammatory and metabolic disorders, this review article summarizes current knowledge on the role of NFκB in
kidney injury and describes the new and so far not completely understood crosstalk between canonical and non-canonical NFκB pathways in T-lymphocyte activation in renal disease.
Soil quality evaluation as a decision-making tool to improve understanding of soil quality is essential for grading croplands and adopting proper agricultural practices. Various methods of soil ...quality evaluation have been developed, which have occasionally generated inconsistent evaluation results between differing soil types. The applicability of these techniques is seldom tested before implementing an evaluation method on a specific soil region. Fluvisol is an important soil resource for agriculture in China, especially for irrigation districts along the lower Yellow River. In the present study, the soil quality of two typical agricultural counties (Yucheng and Kenli) along the lower Yellow River was evaluated using four commonly utilized methods. In the two counties, the overall spatial patterns of soil quality derived from the four methods were similar, with differences in details existing among these methods. The soil quality in Yucheng, ranging from moderate to high, is superior to that observed in Kenli, where salinity is the primary limiting factor. In addition, the applicability of soil quality evaluation methods on the Fluvisol was investigated. It was found that the integrated quality indexing-linear scoring (IQI–LS) and the Nemoro indexing-linear scoring (NQI–LS) methods were the most accurate and practical of the four methods studied. These methods, which are based on the total data set of indicators, show better performance for soil quality evaluation on a Fluvisol. Further, different evaluation methods based on the minimum data set of indicators were compared, considering both the accuracy of the evaluation and the economic cost of obtaining the soil data. The results from the present study indicate that the IQI–LS method based on the minimum data set of indictors is recommended for large-scale soil quality evaluations.
•Four soil quality evaluation methods were compared for a Fluvisol.•IQI–LS and NQI–LS methods performed better in soil quality evaluations.•For large-scale studies, the IQI–LS based on a minimum data set is recommended.
Content fingerprinting recently emerges as an effective nonintrusive solution for copyright protection. Fingerprinting algorithm maps the perceptual contents of media file to an invariant digest, so ...that unauthorized copies can be identified via fingerprint comparison. This letter presents a distortion-resistant sparse coding strategy for image fingerprinting that simulates the hierarchical information processing flow of visual system. Sparse coding, which seeks a small set of atoms that can best represent input signal, helps fingerprinting algorithm detect the intrinsic visual features of image. However, the high freedom of atom selection makes sparse coding sensitive to distortion. In this letter, several measures are applied on sparse coding and dictionary learning to jointly ensure the invariance of fingerprint, such as imposing the neighborhood-priority principle on atom selection, regulating the layout of atoms, and forcing sparse codes to preserve the distance in the image space. Content identification performance of the proposed work was tested on a database of 219 000 images. The error rate of the proposed algorithm is at least ten times lower than state-of-the-arts, and satisfactory performance was observed even under extremely low bit budget.
Accurate rice mapping and growth monitoring are of great significance for ensuring food security and agricultural sustainable development. Remote sensing (RS), as an efficient observation technology, ...is expected to be useful for rice mapping and growth monitoring. Due to the fragmented distribution of paddy fields and the undulating terrain in Southern China, it is very difficult in rice mapping. Moreover, there are many crops with the same growth period as rice, resulting in low accuracy of rice mapping. We proposed a red-edge decision tree (REDT) method based on the combination of time series GF-6 images and red-edge bands to solve this problem. The red-edge integral and red-edge vegetation index integral were computed by using two red-edge bands derived from GF-6 images to construct the REDT. Meanwhile, the conventional method based on time series normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI) (NNE) was employed to compare the effectiveness of rice mapping. The results indicated that the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of REDT ranged from 91%–94% and 0.82–0.87, improving about 7% and 0.15 compared with the NNE method. This proved that the proposed technology was able to efficiently solve the problem of rice mapping on a large scale and regions with fragmented landscapes. Additionally, two red-edge bands of GF-6 images were applied to monitor rice growth. It concluded that the two red-edge bands played different roles in rice growth monitoring. The red-edge bands of GF-6 images were superior in rice mapping and growth monitoring. Further study needs to develop more vegetation indices (VIs) related to the red-edge to make the best use of red-edge characteristics in precision agriculture.
Melanoma is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive cutaneous malignancy. Ferroptosis, a new pathway of cell death depending on the intracellar iron, has been shown to be significantly associated with ...apoptosis of a number of tumors, including melanoma. Nevertheless, the relationship between ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and the melanoma patients' prognosis needs to be explored.
Download expression profiles of FRGs and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. 70% data were randomly selected from the TCGA database and utilized the univariate Cox analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model to create a prognostic model, and the remaining 30% was used to validate the predictive power of the model. In addition, GSE65904 and GSE22153 date sets as the verification cohort to testify the predictive ability of the signature.
We identified nine FRGs relating with melanoma patients' overall survival (OS) and established a prognostic model based on their expression. During the research, patients were divided into group of high-risk and low-risk according to the results of LASSO regression analysis. Survival time was significantly longer in the low-risk group than that of in the high-risk group (P < 0.001). Enrichment analysis of different risk groups demonstrated that the reasons for the difference were related to immune-related pathways, and the degree of immune cell infiltration in the low-risk group was significantly higher than that in the high-risk group.
The FRG prognostic model we established can predict the prognosis of melanoma patients and may further guide subsequent treatment.
A fast, sensitive, and reliable analytical method was developed and validated for simultaneous identification and quantification of spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, and spirotetramat and their relevant ...metabolites in edible fungi by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). First, sample extraction was done with acetonitrile containing 1% formic acid followed by phase separation with the addition of MgSO
:NaOAc. Then, the supernatant was purified by primary secondary amine (PSA), octadecylsilane (C18), and graphitized carbon black (GCB). The linearities of the calibrations for all analytes were excellent (R
≥ 0.9953). Acceptable recoveries (74.5-106.4%) for all analytes were obtained with good intra- and inter- relative standard deviations of less than 14.5%. The limit of quantification (LOQs) for all analytes was 10 μg kg
. For accurate quantification, matrix-matched calibration curve was applied to normalize the matrix effect. The results indicated that the method was suitable for detecting the three acaricides and their relevant metabolites in edible fungi.
The multifunctional protein, voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), is located on the mitochondrial outer membrane. It is a pivotal protein that maintains mitochondrial function to power cellular ...bioactivities via energy generation. VDAC1 is involved in regulating energy production, mitochondrial oxidase stress, Ca2+ transportation, substance metabolism, apoptosis, mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), and many other functions. VDAC1 malfunction is associated with mitochondrial disorders that affect inflammatory responses, resulting in an up-regulation of the body’s defensive response to stress stimulation. Overresponses to inflammation may cause chronic diseases. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) acts as a danger signal that can further trigger native immune system activities after its secretion. VDAC1 mediates the release of mtDNA into the cytoplasm to enhance cytokine levels by activating immune responses. VDAC1 regulates mitochondrial Ca2+ transportation, lipid metabolism and mitophagy, which are involved in inflammation-related disease pathogenesis. Many scientists have suggested approaches to deal with inflammation overresponse issues via specific targeting therapies. Due to the broad functionality of VDAC1, it may become a useful target for therapy in inflammation-related diseases. The mechanisms of VDAC1 and its role in inflammation require further exploration. We comprehensively and systematically summarized the role of VDAC1 in the inflammatory response, and hope that our research will lead to novel therapeutic strategies that target VDAC1 in order to treat inflammation-related disorders.
Cognitive decline is a central manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its process is inseparable from changes in synaptic plasticity. The aim of this review was to summarize and evaluate the ...effectiveness of exercise on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in AD animal models.
Eligible studies were searched from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from April to May 2022. The risk of bias was evaluated by Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). The Morris water maze (MWM) test and synaptic plasticity were considered outcome measures. Data were analyzed using random-effects meta-analyses using the software Stata. Heterogeneity was examined by using I2 test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also assessed.
A total of 20 randomized controlled studies were eligible for study inclusion. Compared with controls, exercise decreased escape latency (SMD = -0.86, 95% CI: -1.21 to -0.50,
< 0.001), increased platform crossover numbers (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.57-2.11,
= 0.001) and time in the target quadrant (SMD = 1.65, 95% CI: 0.95-2.36,
< 0.001) and the expression of PSD95 (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.25-1.21,
= 0.003) in AD animals. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that exercise before AD had a greater effect on escape latency (SMD = -0.88, 95% CI: -1.25 to -0.52,
< 0.001), platform crossover numbers (SMD = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23-2.18,
< 0.001), time in the target quadrant (SMD = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.19-2.87,
< 0.001) and the expression of PSD95 (SMD = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.19-1.69,
= 0.014) than exercise after AD. The results of the subgroup analysis also showed that treadmill running might be an appropriate exercise type.
Our findings suggested that exercise had a potential effect on improving cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. It can play a better neuroprotective role before AD.
PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42022328438.
Polynitrogen compounds have attracted great interest due to their potential application in the field of high-energy-density materials (HEDMs). Alkali azides are powerful candidates for the ...high-pressure preparation of HEDMs. In this work, we report a study of the crystal structure evolution and chemical transformation of NaN3 under high pressure by in situ Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction methods up to 57.9 GPa. The initial rhombohedral NaN3 transforms into the monoclinic C2/m-NaN3 at 0.6 GPa, which is in agreement with previous studies. The monoclinic NaN3 transforms into the tetragonal I4/mcm-NaN3 at 15.5 GPa. With further compression, in the pressure range of 19.6–21.7 GPa, both the Raman spectrum and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) diffraction pattern indicate the chemical transition from NaN3 to new kinds of Na–N compounds with the appearance of experimental signals, which cannot be attributed to NaN3. It is very likely that a partial chemical transformation from NaN3 to NaN5 occurs at 19.6 GPa. NaN5 is not stable at ambient conditions upon decompression. Our study indicates that NaN5 can be formed by cold compression of NaN3, providing a potential route for the synthesis of binary alkali pentazolate compounds.
Bone regeneration is a complex procedure that involves an interaction between osteogenesis and inflammation. Macrophages in the microenvironment are instrumental in bone metabolism. Amount evidence ...have revealed that exosomes transmitting lncRNA is crucial nanocarriers for cellular interactions in various biotic procedures, especially, osteogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of the regulatory relationship between the exosomes and macrophages are awaiting clarification. In the present time study, we aimed to explore the roles of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)-derived exosomes carrying nuclear enrichment enriched transcript 1 (NEAT1) in the osteogenesis mediated by M2 polarized macrophages and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
We demonstrated HUVECs-derived exosomes expressing NEAT1 significantly enhanced M2 polarization and attenuated LPS-induced inflammation in vitro. Besides, the conditioned medium from macrophages induced by the exosomes indirectly facilitated the migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Mechanically, Exos carrying NEAT1 decreased remarkably both expression of dead-box helicase 3X-linked (DDX3X) and nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3). The level of NLRP3 protein increased significantly after RAW264.7 cells transfected with DDX3X overexpression plasmid. Additionally, the knockdown of NEAT1 in exosomes partially counteracted the aforementioned effect of Exos. The results of air pouch rat model demonstrated that HUVECs-derived exosomes increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) significantly in vivo, contributing to amelioration of LPS-induced inflammation. Afterwards, we further confirmed that the HUVECs-derived exosomes encapsulated in alginate/gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels could promote the bone regeneration, facilitate the angiogenesis, increase the infiltration of M2 polarized macrophages as well as decrease NLRP3 expression in the rat calvarial defect model.
HUVECs-derived exosomes enable transmitting NEAT1 to alleviate inflammation by inducing M2 polarization of macrophages through DDX3X/NLRP3 regulatory axis, which finally contributes to osteogenesis with the aid of alginate/GelMA IPN hydrogels in vivo. Thus, our study provides insights in bone healing with the aid of HUVECs-derived exosomes-encapsulated composite hydrogels, which exhibited potential towards the use of bone tissue engineering in the foreseeable future.
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