Remote monitoring of biomedical signals provides an opportunity to extend health care service to a distant patient. In this paper, a short range wireless telecardiology system is described with the ...objective to transmit electrocardiogram signal for remote end acquisition. The acquired signal was compressed using a combination of modified delta encoding and run length encoding technique and transmitted using a wireless transceiver operating in 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific and medical band to a distance of 400 ft. In the receiving end, error check principle was used to find any data loss before the data is reconstructed for feature extraction. With Physionet data using 8-bit quantization an average compression ratio (CR) of 12.23, percentage root mean squared difference (PRD) of 4.342 and PRD normalized (PRDN) of 9.271 were obtained. With ECG data collected from healthy volunteers, these figures came out to be 14.64, 12.92 and 13.46 respectively. An improvement of performance was observed with 10 bit quantization of ECG data. Computational simplicity of the proposed algorithm provides an opportunity to use a low end microcontroller to implement the compression in standalone hardware.
Bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and semitendinosus-gracilis (STG) are the commonest grafts used for ACL reconstruction. However even after having been debated for years, there is no consensus about ...the ideal graft. Moreover, the literature is deficient about STG graft with preserved tibial insertion (STGPI) which preserves the proprioception. Our aim is to compare the outcome of BPTB, free STG and STGPI grafts after ACL reconstruction in professional sports persons. We compared the outcome in terms of mechanical stability, functional outcome, return to sports activity and degenerative changes.
Professional sports persons aged between 16-50 years operated for ACL tear using BPTB, free STG and STGPI grafts with minimum follow-up of two years were identified from hospital records. Patients with associated knee injuries were excluded. Patients, divided in three groups according to graft used, were compared in terms of mechanical stability (arthrometric examination KT-1000 score), functional outcome (Lysholm Score), return to sports activity (Tegner score and difference in thigh circumference) and degenerative changes (KL grading).
BPTB graft group was found to be better than free STG and STGPI graft groups in terms of KT-1000 score. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in terms of Lysholm score, Tegner score, difference in thigh circumference and KL grading.
BPTB graft is better than free STG and STGPI grafts in terms of knee stability. When compared for patient reported outcome, return to sports activity, osteoarthritic changes and graft failure there is no significant difference among the three types of grafts.
Esophagectomy, followed by esophageal replacement using gastric/colonic conduits, is a complex surgical procedure with significant perioperative morbidity. The most significant and potentially ...life-threatening complication associated with esophageal replacement is conduit ischaemia, resulting in anastomotic leak and conduit necrosis. Ensuring adequate perfusion of the conduit remains the key to preventing conduit ischaemia. Indocyanine green (ICG) enhanced near-infrared fluorescence imaging is a novel technique which has been used for assessing bowel perfusion. While numerous studies have focused on ICG fluorescence imaging for assessment of gastric conduit perfusion after esophagectomy, data regarding its use for colonic conduits is limited to case reports. ICG fluorescence imaging can help in resolving intraoperative issues by predicting the adequacy of colonic conduit perfusion, thereby preventing postoperative morbidity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in Indian literature describing the utility of ICG fluorescence imaging for assessment of perfusion of colonic interposition.
Aims. We focus on a polar coronal hole region to find any evidence of dissipation of propagating slow magneto-acoustic waves. Methods. We obtained time-distance and frequency-distance maps along the ...plume structure in a polar coronal hole. We also obtained Fourier power maps of the polar coronal hole in different frequency ranges in 171 Å and 193 Å passbands. We performed intensity distribution statistics in time domain at several locations in the polar coronal hole. Results. We find the presence of propagating slow magneto-acoustic waves having temperature dependent propagation speeds. The wavelet analysis and Fourier power maps of the polar coronal hole show that low-frequency waves are travelling longer distances (longer detection length) as compared to high-frequency waves. We found two distinct dissipation length scales of wave amplitude decay at two different height ranges (between 0–10 Mm and 10–70 Mm) along the observed plume structure. The dissipation lengths obtained at higher height range show some frequency dependence. Individual Fourier power spectrum at several locations show a power-law distribution with frequency whereas probability density function of intensity fluctuations in time show nearly Gaussian distributions. Conclusions. Propagating slow magneto-acoustic waves are getting heavily damped (small dissipation lengths) within the first 10 Mm distance. Beyond that waves are getting damped slowly with height. Frequency dependent dissipation lengths of wave propagation at higher heights may indicate the possibility of wave dissipation due to thermal conduction, however, the contribution from other dissipative parameters cannot be ruled out. Power-law distributed power spectra were also found at lower heights in the solar corona, which may provide viable information on the generation of longer period waves in the solar atmosphere.
This paper deals with a deterministic inventory model for linear trend in demand under inflationary conditions with different rates of deterioration in two separate warehouses (owned and rented ...warehouses). The replenishment rate is infinite. The stock is transferred from the rented warehouse to owned warehouse in continuous release pattern and the associated transportation cost is taken into account. At owned warehouse, shortages, if any, are allowed and partially backlogged with a rate dependent on the duration of waiting time up to the arrival of the next lot. The corresponding problems have been formulated as nonlinear constrained optimisation problems for two different policies (inventory follows shortage (IFS) and shortage follows inventory (SFI)). Finally, the model has been illustrated with a numerical example and to study the effects of changes of different system parameters on initial stock level, maximum shortage level and cycle length with the minimum cost of the system, sensitivity analyses have been carried out by changing one parameter at a time and keeping the others at their original values.
Solution of Riemann problem for dusty gas flow Gupta, R.K.; Nath, Triloki; Singh, L.P.
International journal of non-linear mechanics,
June 2016, 2016-06-00, 20160601, Letnik:
82
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A direct approach is used to solve the Riemann problem for a quasilinear hyperbolic system of equations governing the one dimensional unsteady planar flow of an isentropic, inviscid compressible ...fluid in the presence of dust particles. The elementary wave solutions of the Riemann problem, that is, shock waves, rarefaction waves and contact discontinuities are derived and their properties are discussed for a dusty gas. The generalised Riemann invariants are used to find the solution between rarefaction wave and the contact discontinuity and also inside rarefaction fan. Unlike the ordinary gasdynamic case, the solution inside the rarefaction waves in dusty gas cannot be obtained directly and explicitly; indeed, it requires an extra iteration procedure. Although the case of dusty gas is more complex than the ordinary gas dynamics case, all the parallel results for compressive waves remain identical. We also compare/contrast the nature of the solution in an ordinary gasdynamics and the dusty gas flow case.
•Approximate analytical solution to the Riemann problem in a dusty gas is derived.•The generalised Riemann invariants are used to find the solution in some cases.•The properties of solutions to the Riemann problem of dusty gas are discussed.•The results of dusty gas are compared with those of ordinary gasdynamics.
In this report, we report a green, rapid and scalable synthetic route for the production of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using an environment-friendly reducing agent (l-glutathione/L-Glu) to test its ...feasibility for CO & NO2 gas sensing. The structure, morphology, and thermal stability of as-synthesized rGO are investigated via Raman spectroscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscope, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The L-Glu-rGO shows higher sp2 carbon hybridization (42at.%) than graphene oxide (GO) (29 at.%). The results indicate that L-Glu-rGO exhibits good relative response at 150 °C to both gases (10 ppm of NO2 and CO). Further, L-Glu-rGO shows a smaller response time (∼10.61 s for NO2 and ∼5.05 s for CO) than GO (∼16.64 s, ∼11.92 s to NO2 and CO respectively) at 150 °C, indicating the potential application of L-Glu-rGO for gas sensing.
•Reduced graphene oxide synthesized by using an organic reducing agent l-glutathione.•XPS shows high percentage (42%) of sp2 carbon in L-Glu-rGO.•GO reduced through green method used for gas sensing of CO and NO2 gases.•Lower response and recovery time observed for L-Glu-rGO as compared to that for GO for both gases.
An increasing number of genetic variants have been implicated in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), and the functional study of such variants will be critical for the elucidation of autism ...pathophysiology. Here, we report a de novo balanced translocation disruption of TRPC6, a cation channel, in a non-syndromic autistic individual. Using multiple models, such as dental pulp cells, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronal cells and mouse models, we demonstrate that TRPC6 reduction or haploinsufficiency leads to altered neuronal development, morphology and function. The observed neuronal phenotypes could then be rescued by TRPC6 complementation and by treatment with insulin-like growth factor-1 or hyperforin, a TRPC6-specific agonist, suggesting that ASD individuals with alterations in this pathway may benefit from these drugs. We also demonstrate that methyl CpG binding protein-2 (MeCP2) levels affect TRPC6 expression. Mutations in MeCP2 cause Rett syndrome, revealing common pathways among ASDs. Genetic sequencing of TRPC6 in 1041 ASD individuals and 2872 controls revealed significantly more nonsynonymous mutations in the ASD population, and identified loss-of-function mutations with incomplete penetrance in two patients. Taken together, these findings suggest that TRPC6 is a novel predisposing gene for ASD that may act in a multiple-hit model. This is the first study to use iPSC-derived human neurons to model non-syndromic ASD and illustrate the potential of modeling genetically complex sporadic diseases using such cells.
This paper presents a 2-D temperature-dependent analytical drain current model, which is valid for six different device architectures (by slightly modifying the used parameters), i.e., dual material ...gate dielectric pocket silicon-on-void, dual material gate silicon-on-void, dual material gate silicon-on-insulator, dielectric pocket silicon-on-void, silicon-on-void, and silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs. The results thus obtained, i.e., drain current, transconductance, g m /I ds ratio, threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, and I on /I off ratio have been verified with the simulated results obtained using ATLAS 3-D device simulator for channel length down to 30 nm. The analytical model is also used to investigate the impact of temperature variation on the characteristics of N-MOS inverter based on different architectures. In addition, impact of process and parameters variation (i.e., variation in shallow extension depth (X e ), side pillar thickness (T st ), thickness of buried oxide layer (t 3 ) along with the variation in temperature) on the subthreshold performance of different devices has also been studied through exhaustive device simulation.
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