Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases, and healthy dietary habits are a feasible strategy to prevent atherosclerosis development. Camellia oil, an edible plant oil, exhibits ...multiple beneficial cardiovascular effects. Our previous study showed that oral administration of camellia oil attenuated hyperglycemia, fat deposits in the liver, and the atherosclerosis index in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Here, an atherosclerosis model of apolipoprotein E (ApoE)−/− mice induced by HFD was used to study the effect of camellia oil on atherosclerosis, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the changes in gut microbiota composition. The results showed that camellia oil significantly inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE−/− mice, which were characterized by significantly reduced levels of serum total cholesterol and enhanced levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The aortic levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor were decreased. The results of the 16S rRNA analysis showed that after camellia oil interventions, the intestinal flora of ApoE−/− mice changed significantly, with the diversity of intestinal flora especially increasing, the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Faecalibaculum, Bilophila, and Leuconostoc increasing, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and Firmicutes abundance decreasing. Collectively, our findings confirmed the promising value of camellia oil in preventing the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Mechanistically, this preventive effect of camellia oil was probably due to its lipid-lowering activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and alteration of the gut microbiota composition in the mice.
Organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1B1 (OATP1B1) plays a crucial role in the transport of statins. However, there are too few animal models related to OATP1B1, especially humanized animal ...models. In this study, the human SLCO1B1 cDNA was inserted into the second exon of the rat Slco1b2 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of statins were conducted in wild-type (WT), humanized OATP1B1 (hOATP1B1), and OATP1B2 knockout (OATP1B2 KO) rats, respectively. The results showed that human OATP1B1 was successfully expressed in rat liver and exhibited transport function. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetic results revealed that OATP1B1 exhibited varying uptake levels of pivastatin, rosuvastatin, and fluvastatin, leading to different levels of exposure within the body. These results were consistent with those obtained from in vitro experiments using overexpressed cell lines. In conclusion, we established a novel humanized SLCO1B1 transgenic rat model to assess the role of human OATP1B1 in the uptake of different statins. The different uptake mediated by OATP1B1 may be an important reason for the different efficacy of statins. The hOATP1B1 rat is a promising model for improving the prediction of human drug transport.
A new humanized SLCO1B1 transgenic rat model was successfully constructed and used to evaluate the role of human OATP1B1 in the uptake of different statins. Display omitted
The utilization of geothermal energy is favorable for the improvement of energy efficiency. A hybrid system consisting of a seasonal heating and cooling cycle, an absorption refrigeration cycle and a ...liquid dehumidification cycle is proposed to meet dehumidification, space cooling and space heating demands. Geothermal energy is utilized effectively in a cascade approach. Six performance indicators, including humidity efficiency, enthalpy efficiency, moisture removal rate, coefficient of performance, cooling capacity, and heating capacity, are developed to analyze the proposed system. The effect of key design parameters in terms of desiccant concentration, air humidity, air temperature, refrigeration temperature and segment temperature on the performance indicators are investigated. The simulation results indicated that the increase of the desiccant concentration makes the enthalpy efficiency, the coefficient of performance, the moisture removal rate and the cooling capacity increase and makes the humidity efficiency decrease. With the increase of air humidity, the humidity efficiency and moisture removal rate for the segment temperatures from 100 to 130 °C are approximately invariant. The decreasing rates of the humidity efficiency and the moisture removal rate with the segment temperature of 140 °C increases respectively. Six indicators, except the cooling capacity and heating capacity, decrease with an increase of air temperature. The heating capacity decreases by 49.88% with the reinjection temperature increasing from 70 to 80 °C. This work proposed a potential system to utilize geothermal for the dehumidification, space cooling and space heating effectively.
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and mainly results from prolonged and excessive alcohol use.
Lour. (
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), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine ...(TCM), has hepatoprotective properties. However, its ability to combat alcohol-induced liver injury has not been fully explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of
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in a rat model of alcohol-induced liver disease, thereby establishing a scientific foundation for the potential preventive use of
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in ALD. We established a Chinese liquor (Baijiu)-induced liver injury model in rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, in combination with biochemical tests, was used to evaluate the protective effects of
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on the liver. The integration of network medicine analysis with experimental validation was used to explore the hepatoprotective effects and potential mechanisms of
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in rats. Our findings showed that
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ameliorated alcohol-induced changes in body weight, liver index, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, blood lipid metabolism, and liver function in rats. Network proximity analysis was employed to identify 18 potentially active ingredients of
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for ALD treatment. These potentially active ingredients in the blood were further identified using mass spectrometry (MS). Our results showed that
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plays a hepatoprotective role by modulating the protein levels of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), anti-nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, the results of the current study suggested that
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potentially exerts hepatoprotective effects on ALD in rats, possibly through regulating the protein levels of ESR1, NR3C1, IL-6, and TNF-α.
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Sorafenib, an important cancer drug in clinical practice, has caused heart problems such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, and thrombosis. Although some mechanisms of ...sorafenib-induced cardiotoxicity have been proposed, there is still more research needed to reach a well-established definition of the causes of cardiotoxicity of sorafenib. In this report, we demonstrate that sorafenib is a potent inhibitor of the CYP2J enzyme. Sorafenib significantly inhibited the production of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) in rat cardiac microsomes. The in vivo experimental results also showed that after the administration of sorafenib, the levels of 11,12-EET and 14,15-EET in rat plasma were significantly reduced, which was similar to the results of CYP2J gene knockout. Sorafenib decreased the levels of EETs, leading to abnormal expression of mitochondrial fusion and fission factors in heart tissue. In addition, the expression of mitochondrial energy metabolism factors (Pgc-1α, Pgc-1β, Ampk, and Sirt1) and cardiac mechanism factors (Scn5a and Prkag2) was significantly reduced, increasing the risk of arrhythmia and heart failure. Meanwhile, the increase in injury markers Anp, CK, and CK-MB further confirmed the cardiotoxicity of sorafenib. This study is of great significance for understanding the cardiotoxicity of sorafenib, and is also a model for studying the cardiotoxicity of other drugs that inhibit CYP2J activity.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases, which can cause serious complications and gradually increase the mortality rate. However, the effects of NAFLD on ...drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters remain unclear, which may cause some confusion regarding patient medication. In this study, a NAFLD rat model was constructed by feeding rats with methionine and choline deficiency diets for 6 weeks, and the mRNA and protein levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporter were analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. The activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes was detected by cocktail methods. In the NAFLD rat model, the mRNA expression of phase I enzymes, phase II enzymes, and transporters decreased. At the protein level, only CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C11, and CYP2J3 presented a decrease. In addition, the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2B1, CYP2C11, CYP2D1, CYP3A2, UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9 decreased. These changes may be caused by the alteration of FXR, HNF4α, LXRα, LXRβ, PXR, and RXR. In conclusion, NAFLD changes the expression and activity of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in rats, which may affect drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. In clinical medication, drug monitoring should be strengthened to avoid potential risks.
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•The expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters changed in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats.•The activity of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes was reduced in NAFLD rats.•The expression of nuclear receptors was downregulated in NAFLD rats.
•The airborne imaging system has both hyperspectral resolution and high spatial resolution, and can obtain higher quality remote sensing atlas data, which lays a foundation for the application of ...airborne hyperspectral remote sensing target precise classification and recognition design objectives. Based on the system design and experimental results analysis, we summarize the main points of this work as follows.•Firstly, the spectroscopic system adopts free-form surface prism spectrometer with high efficiency, high spectrum adaptive and free of secondary spectrum. The VNIR and SWIR share the same spectrometer, and this integrated design not only meets the requirements of light and small design, but also realizes the high precision registration of VNIR and SWIR to ensure the effect of multi-spectral information fusion.•Secondly, in view of the application of target detection, the design and implementation methods of key parameters, detection sensitivity and data preprocessing of the system are proposed.•Thirdly, the results of each experiment demonstrate the capability of the airborne imaging system in target detection applications. The panchromatic camera can form high resolution geometric images, but it cannot distinguish different substances of the same color in the complex ground background. In complex ground background, such as camouflage vehicle recognition and rapid discovery of abnormal targets, hyperspectral imager can make up for the shortcomings of panchromatic camera.•This airborne imaging system can provide more abundant spatial, radiation and spectral information at the same time. Therefore, the research of the imaging system is of great value to popularize the application of airborne spectral remote sensing, and also provides a valuable reference for the related system design and research.
Hyperspectral imaging technology refers to the ability to acquire a full optical spectrum at each pixel in an image. In the field of target detection, although hyperspectral imagers can detect point target formed by one or several pixels with high spectral resolution, it is difficult to realize the real-time recognition of the point target without the prior spectral information of the target or high spatial resolution geometric information of the target. And it is also difficult for airborne hyperspectral imager to improve spectral resolution and spatial resolution simultaneously. In this paper, we propose airborne imaging system scheme consisting of a compact push-broom hyperspectral imager and a high-resolution area-array panchromatic camera, and introduce the main methods of system design, performance evaluation and data processing. The results of airborne flight experiment show that the hyperspectral imager and area-array camera have ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.15 m and 0.036 m respectively at a flight height of 1500 m, and can achieve approximately 170 spectral channels at a range of 0.4–2.45 μm and a total field of view (TFOV) of 12°. The airborne imaging system can provide both spatial and spectral information of the target with higher accuracy, which can meet the needs of real-time target spectral detection and recognition, and have important reference value of airborne hyperspectral imaging technology in the application field of target detection.
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases, and healthy dietary habits are a feasible strategy to prevent atherosclerosis development. Camellia oil, an edible plant oil, exhibits ...multiple beneficial cardiovascular effects. Our previous study showed that oral administration of camellia oil attenuated hyperglycemia, fat deposits in the liver, and the atherosclerosis index in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Here, an atherosclerosis model of apolipoprotein E (ApoE)–/– mice induced by HFD was used to study the effect of camellia oil on atherosclerosis, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the changes in gut microbiota composition. The results showed that camellia oil significantly inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE-/- mice, which were characterized by significantly reduced levels of serum total cholesterol and enhanced levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The aortic levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor were decreased. The results of the 16S rRNA analysis showed that after camellia oil interventions, the intestinal flora of ApoE–/– mice changed significantly, with the diversity of intestinal flora especially increasing, the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Faecalibaculum, Bilophila, and Leuconostoc increasing, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and Firmicutes abundance decreasing. Collectively, our findings confirmed the promising value of camellia oil in preventing the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE–/– mice. Mechanistically, this preventive effect of camellia oil was probably due to its lipid-lowering activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and alteration of the gut microbiota composition in the mice.
A fast video inpainting algorithm based on state matching Junze Huang; Xianghong Tang
2016 9th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI),
2016-Oct.
Conference Proceeding
In the past video restoration algorithms using exemplar-based method, the exhaustive strategy of searching for the best matching patch is always used, which makes the computation very heavy. Moreover ...the accumulated matching error easily leads the wrong information spread. So a novel fast video inpainting algorithm is proposed in this paper. When restoring the damaged background, the information is directly replicated to fill in the damaged region from the constructed panoramic background image. When restoring the damaged foreground, it seeks a best state matching frame by comparing the adjacent running foreground state of the damaged frame, and searches the best matching patch in this frame. Meanwhile, the algorithm also improves the way of searching exemplar patch, principle of matching cost and way of confidence term updating. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is suitable for video with stationary background and periodical running foreground, having better efficiency and restoration effects.
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