Harris and Srinivasan discuss coloniality and British contemporary Shakespeare performance practice. Soft power is a fitting term to describe how the British government and intelligentsia continue to ...use Shakespeare as part of a civilizing mission long after its direct colonization of land ended. Shakespeare's canonicity makes his work inherently imperialist, and decolonizing Shakespeare then requires an actively anticolonial practice. What people might consider to be universal within Shakespeare is in fact just what they default to whiteness, maleness, the superiority of the English language and of England, and more. They have identified three concurrent problems with the current UK Shakespearean performance practice that keep it firmly colonial by feeding into ideas of monolingualism, establishmentarianism, and capitalism.
AbstractBackgroundSchizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with many genetic variants of individually small effect contributing to phenotypic variation. Lower cortical thickness (CT), surface ...area, and cortical volume have been demonstrated in people with schizophrenia. Furthermore, a range of obstetric complications (e.g., lower birth weight) are consistently associated with an increased risk for schizophrenia. We investigated whether a high polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (PGRS-SCZ) is associated with CT, surface area, and cortical volume in UK Biobank, a population-based sample, and tested for interactions with birth weight. MethodsData were available for 2864 participants ( nmale/ nfemale = 1382/1482; mean age = 62.35 years, SD = 7.40). Linear mixed models were used to test for associations among PGRS-SCZ and cortical volume, surface area, and CT and between PGRS-SCZ and birth weight. Interaction effects of these variables on cortical structure were also tested. ResultsWe found a significant negative association between PGRS-SCZ and global CT; a higher PGRS-SCZ was associated with lower CT across the whole brain. We also report a significant negative association between PGRS-SCZ and insular lobe CT. PGRS-SCZ was not associated with birth weight and no PGRS-SCZ × birth weight interactions were found. ConclusionsThese results suggest that individual differences in CT are partly influenced by genetic variants and are most likely not due to factors downstream of disease onset. This approach may help to elucidate the genetic pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Further investigation in case-control and high-risk samples could help identify any localized effects of PGRS-SCZ, and other potential schizophrenia risk factors, on CT as symptoms develop.
This paper provides an overview of research on core from Oman Drilling Project Hole BT1B and the surrounding area, plus new data and calculations, constraining processes in the Tethyan subduction ...zone beneath the Samail ophiolite. The area is underlain by gently dipping, broadly folded layers of allochthonous Hawasina pelagic sediments, the metamorphic sole of the Samail ophiolite, and Banded Unit peridotites at the base of the Samail mantle section. Despite reactivation of some faults during uplift of the Jebel Akdar and Saih Hatat domes, the area preserves the tectonic “stratigraphy” of the Cretaceous subduction zone. Gently dipping listvenite bands, parallel to peridotite banding and to contacts between the peridotite and the metamorphic sole, replace peridotite at and near the basal thrust. Listvenites formed at less than 200°C and (poorly constrained) depths of 25–40 km by reaction with CO2‐rich, aqueous fluids migrating from greater depths, derived from devolatilization of subducting sediments analogous to clastic sediments in the Hawasina Formation, at 400°–500°. Such processes could form important reservoirs for subducted CO2. Listvenite formation was accompanied by ductile deformation of serpentinites and listvenites—perhaps facilitated by fluid‐rock reaction—in a process that could lead to aseismic subduction in some regions. Addition of H2O and CO2 to the mantle wedge, forming serpentinites and listvenites, caused large increases in the solid mass and volume of the rocks. This may have been accommodated by fractures formed as a result of volume changes, mainly at a serpentinization front.
Plain Language Summary
This paper reports initial results from study of core from Oman Drilling Project Hole BT1B and the surrounding area. It provides insights into subduction zone processes, including large fluxes of recycled CO2 from subducting sediments into the leading edge of the mantle wedge, and surprisingly low temperature ductile deformation at less than 200°C. Recycling of CO2 via carbon mineralization in the hanging wall of subduction zones may produce an important, lithospheric reservoir in the global carbon cycle. Ductile deformation of serpentinite, and during or after transformation of peridotite to listvenites (mixtures of carbonates and opal or quartz) could explain aseismic subduction atop some subduction zones.
Key Points
The area at and around OmanDP Hole BT1B preserves nearly flat‐lying tectonic “stratigraphy” of the basal thrust of the Samail ophiolite
Recycling of CO2 from subducting sediment into the mantle wedge produced listvenites (carbonated peridotite) at <200°C
Subduction beneath the ophiolite was accommodated, in part, by ductile deformation of serpentinite and listvenite at <200°C
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