A double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted to determine the effect of consumption of supplemental whey protein (WP), soy protein (SP), and an isoenergetic amount of carbohydrate (CHO) on ...body weight and composition in free-living overweight and obese but otherwise healthy participants. Ninety overweight and obese participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups for 23 wk: 1) WP; 2) SP (each providing ~56 g/d of protein and 1670 kJ/d); or 3) an isoenergetic amount of CHO. Supplements were consumed as a beverage twice daily. Participants were provided no dietary advice and continued to consume their free-choice diets. Participants' body weight and composition data were obtained monthly. Dietary intake was determined by 24-h dietary recalls collected every 10 d. After 23 wk, body weight and composition did not differ between the groups consuming the SP and WP or between SP and CHO; however, body weight and fat mass of the group consuming the WP were lower by 1.8 kg (P < 0.006) and 2.3 kg (P < 0.005), respectively, than the group consuming CHO. Lean body mass did not differ among any of the groups. Waist circumference was smaller in the participants consuming WP than in the other groups (P < 0.05). Fasting ghrelin was lower in participants consuming WP compared with SP or CHO. Through yet-unknown mechanisms, different sources of dietary protein may differentially facilitate weight loss and affect body composition. Dietary recommendations, especially those that emphasize the role of dietary protein in facilitating weight change, should also address the demonstrated clinical potential of supplemental WP.
In this collection of essays, an international group of renowned scholars attempt to establish the theoretical basis for studying the ancient and medieval history of the Mediterranean Sea and the ...lands around it. In so doing they range far afield to other Mediterraneans, real and imaginary, as distant as Brazil and Japan. Their work is an essential tool for understanding the Mediterranean, pre-modern and modern alike. It speaks to ancient and medieval historians, to archaeologists, anthropologists and all historians with environmental interests, and not least to classicists.
This volume, containing fourteen papers given at a conference held at Columbia in 2007, is the most concerted attempt in recent times to understand the famous and enigmatic orator and to set him in ...his cultural, religious and political context.
In Popular Medicine in Graeco-Roman Antiquity: Explorations an international group of scholars aims to give a fresh start to the study of the wide range of practices that people in Antiquity actually ...engaged in when they were faced with ill health.
Correspondence: 1 Corresponding Author: Robert L. Jones, Colorado State University, 1682 Campus Delivery, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682. ...Robert.Jones{at}colostate.edu
Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) has recently emerged as a genotyping method that is both robust and highly discriminatory for the differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains, including Mycobacterium bovis . However, MLVA assessment of M. bovis isolates recovered from animals in North America has been limited. Using an epidemiologically diverse set of 41 North American M. bovis animal isolates, MLVA, based on 27 published variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) loci, was evaluated. Nineteen loci displayed polymorphism, which resulted in differentiation of 21 unique MLVA genotypes. A subset of 6 loci differentiated the isolates into 14 genetically related groups that displayed remarkable concordance with the epidemiological data gathered via traditional trace-back methods. In most cases, MLVA exhibited greater resolution than spoligotyping, which differentiated the isolates into 11 groups. MLVA genotyping of M. bovis shows great potential as a molecular typing tool for characterizing the epidemiology of M. bovis animal infections in North America. However, the greatest resolution was achieved by using a combination of both MLVA and spoligotyping.
Key Words: Genotyping multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis Mycobacterium bovis Mycobacterium tuberculosis spoligotyping
Although Judaism, Christianity, and Islam differ in some of their religious teachings, traditions, and dogmas, there are more similarities than differences. Fundamental to each are the primacy of ...God, marriage, and the family. Each religion also offers specific prescriptions for improving marital relationships, the implications of which make individuals accountable for their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in the eyes of their God. This article offers a review of the historical roots of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It provides a look at marital law as explained in the Old Testament, New Testament, and Qur'an. It also provides an overview of ancient and contemporary marital ritual, religious practices, and symbolism within each of these three religious traditions, informed through the lens of attachment theory. Bien que le Judaïsme, le Christianisme, et l'Islam diffèrent dans certains de leurs enseignements, traditions, et dogmes religieux, il y a plus de similitudes que des différences. La supériorité de Dieu, le mariage, et la famille sont fondamentaux à chaque religion. Chaque religion offre également des prescriptions spécifiques pour améliorer des rapports matrimoniaux, les implications dont rendre les individus responsables de leurs pensées, sentiments, et comportements aux yeux de leur Dieu. Cet article offre un examen des racines historiques de Judaïsme, de Christianisme, et de l'Islam. Il fournit un regard à la loi matrimoniale comme expliqué dans le Vieux Testament, le Nouveau Testament, et le Qur'an. Il fournit également une vue d'ensemble de rituel matrimonial antique et contemporain, des pratiques religieuses, et de symbolisme dans chacune de ces trois traditions religieuses, informé par l'objectif de la théorie d'attachement. Aunque el Judaísmo, el Cristianismo, y el Islam diferencian en algunos de sus enseñanzas religiosas, tradiciones y dogmas, hay más semejanzas que diferencias. Lo fundamental en cada uno de ellos es la primacía de Dios, el matrimonio y la familia. Cada religión también ofrece guias específicas para mejorar las relaciones maritales, las implicaciones de las cuales hacen a los individuos responsables ante los ojos de Dios de sus pensamientos, sensaciones y comportamientos. Este artículo ofrece una revisión de las raíces históricas del Judaísmo, del Cristianismo, y del Islam. Proporciona una mirada a la ley marital según lo explicado en el Antiguo Testamento, el Nuevo Testamento, y el Corán. También proporciona una descripción de prácticas rituales, religiosas y maritales antiguas y contemporáneas y del simbolismo dentro de cada uno de estas tres tradiciones religiosas desde la perspectiva de la Teoría del Apego.
The comorbidity between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is well-established, and the 2 disorders share many similarities. However, there are also ...differences across disorders: most notably, BPD is diagnosed more frequently in women and ASPD in men. We investigated if (a) comorbidity between BPD and ASPD is attributable to 2 discrete disorders or the expression of common underlying processes, and (b) if the model of comorbidity is true across sex. Using a clinical sample of 1,400 drug users in residential substance abuse treatment, we tested 3 competing models to explore whether the comorbidity of ASPD and BPD should be represented by a single common factor, 2 correlated factors, or a bifactor structure involving a general and disorder-specific factors. Next, we tested whether our resulting model was meaningful by examining its relationship with criterion variables previously reported to be associated with BPD and ASPD. The bifactor model provided the best fit and was invariant across sex. Overall, the general factor of the bifactor model significantly accounted for a large percentage of the variance in criterion variables, whereas the BPD and AAB specific factors added little to the models. The association of the general and specific factor with all criterion variables was equal for men and women. Our results suggest common underlying vulnerability accounts for both the comorbidity between BPD and AAB (across sex), and this common vulnerability drives the association with other psychopathology and maladaptive behavior. This in turn has implications for diagnostic classification systems and treatment.
General Scientific Summary
This study found that, for both men and women, borderline (BPD) and antisocial personality disorders (ASPD) show a large degree of overlap, and little uniqueness. The commonality between BPD and ASPD mainly accounted for associations with criterion variables. This suggests that BPD and ASPD show a large common core that accounts for their comorbidity.
After "I Do": The Newlywed Transition Schramm, David G.; Marshall, James P.; Harris, V. William ...
Marriage & family review,
01/2005, Letnik:
38, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Marital satisfaction, marital adjustment, and problem areas experienced during the early months of marriage were examined using a sample of 1,010 newlywed husbands and wives. Results revealed that ...between 8% and 14% percent of newlyweds already scored in the distressed range on measures of marital satisfaction and adjustment, respectively. For both husbands and wives, the most problematic areas in the early months of marriage were balancing employment and marriage and debt brought into marriage. However, protective factors in the marriage, including respect, appreciation, commitment, mutual affection, and trust, were the strongest predictors of marital satisfaction and adjustment. Implications for future research and family life education are proposed.
Cephalomedullary nail fixation of geriatric intertrochanteric femur fractures is, and will continue to be, performed by most orthopaedic surgeons. The influence of technical factors on outcome is ...clear, and it is imperative that orthopaedic surgeons use contemporary strategies to achieve adequate reduction and fixation. The lateral patient position on a traction table potentially confers several advantages which surgeons can use to achieve quality outcomes even in patients who have challenging body morphology and/or fracture anatomy. A preferred surgical technique for lateral positioning is presented here and a case series comparing supine versus lateral nailing procedures. Lateral positioning was used more frequently in obese patients and by trauma-trained surgeons, and the results equal or exceed those in supine cases with respect to reduction and placement of fixation. Training surgeons in lateral nailing can deliver a reproducible strategy for reduction and fixation in straightforward and complex cases. By mastering the setup and technique on more simple cases, surgeons can be better prepared for the more complex where advantages of lateral nailing are even more apparent.
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