This study explores the invisible bias quantification of urban governments in their affordable housing service delivery, which can accurately identify the deficiencies of affordable housing policy ...and alleviate homelessness, poverty, and inequality. We identified complicated eligibility criteria for public rental housing programs in 153 prefectural cities and constructed a public rental housing accessibility index for urban residents and migrants. We used the principal component analysis method; this study offers a new perspective to explore these disparities. We found distinct regional differences in local governments’ behaviors and preferences regarding affordable housing. Cities’ affordable housing provision for migrants is selective and mainly targets young and highly educated migrants. We suggest that local governments pay more attention to elderly migrant workers in affordable housing provision and build a comprehensive evaluation system to set reasonable access conditions to prioritize those with urgent housing needs.
With the development of information technology, information has been an important resource in clinical medicine, particularly within the emergency department. Given its role in patient rescue, the ...emergency department demands a high level of information literacy from nurses to effectively collect, analyze, and apply information due to the urgency and complexity of emergency nursing work. Although prior studies have investigated the information literacy of nursing staff, little has been undertaken in examining the patterns of information literacy and their predictors among emergency department nurses.
To clarify the subtypes of information literacy among nurses in the emergency department and explore the factors affecting profile membership.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 2490 nurses in the emergency department from April to June 2023. The clinical nurses completed the online self-report questionnaires including the general demographic questionnaire, information literacy scale, self-efficacy scale and social support scale. Data analyses involved the latent profile analysis, variance analysis, Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression.
Four latent profiles were identified: 'Low information literacy (Class 1)', 'Moderate information knowledge (Class 2)', 'High information knowledge and support (Class 3)' and 'High information literacy (Class 4)', accounting for 20.14%, 42.11%, 23.36% and 14.39%, respectively. Each profile displayed unique characteristics representative of different information literacy patterns. Age, years of work, place of residence, hospital grade, title, professional knowledge, using databases, reading medical literature, participating in information literacy training, self-efficacy, and social support significantly predicted information literacy profile membership.
Information literacy exhibits different classification features among emergency department nurses, and over half of the nurses surveyed were at the lower or middle level. Identifying sociodemographic and internal-external predictors of profile membership can aid in developing targeted interventions tailored to the needs of emergency department nurses. Nursing managers should actively pay attention to nurses with low information literacy and provide support to improve their information literacy level.
Insights from the current study of the latent profile analysis are beneficial to hospital managers in understanding the different types of emergency department nurses' information literacy. These insights serve as a reference for managers to enhance nurses' information literacy levels.
Aim
Our study aimed to investigate the effect of social responsibility on the subjective well-being of volunteers for COVID-19 and to examine the mediating role of job involvement in this ...relationship.
Background
Nowadays, more and more people join volunteer service activities. As we all know, volunteer work contributes to society without any return. Volunteers often have a strong sense of social responsibility and reap subjective well-being in their dedication. Although research shows that social responsibility will drive them to participate in volunteer work actively, it is less clear whether job involvement will impact their subjective well-being.
Methods
The data were collected in the precaution zone in Shanghai, China, from April to May 2022. A sample of 302 volunteers for COVID-19 completed the social responsibility scale, subjective well-being scale and job involvement scale in the form of an electronic questionnaire on their mobile phones. A structural equation model was adopted to verify the research hypotheses.
Results
Social responsibility was significantly and positively related to volunteers’ subjective well-being and job involvement (
p
< 0.05). Job involvement fully mediates the relationship between volunteers’ social responsibility and subjective well-being.
Conclusion
Social responsibility is critical to predicting volunteers’ subjective well-being. Job involvement plays an intervening mechanism in explaining how social responsibility promotes volunteers’ subjective well-being.
Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified several novel genetic loci associated with age at menarche and age at natural menopause. However, the stringent significance threshold ...used in GWA studies potentially led to false negatives and true associations may have been overlooked. Incorporating biologically relevant information, we examined whether common genetic polymorphisms in candidate genes of nine groups of biologically plausible pathways and related phenotypes are associated with age at menarche and age at natural menopause. A total of 18,862 genotyped and imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 278 genes were assessed for their associations with these two traits among a total of 24,341 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, N = 2,287) and the Women's Genome Health Study (WGHS, N = 22,054). Linear regression was used to assess the marginal association of each SNP with each phenotype. We adjusted for multiple testing within each gene to identify statistically significant SNP associations at the gene level. To evaluate the overall evidence for an excess of statistically significant gene associations over the proportion expected by chance, we applied a one-sample test of proportion to each group of candidate genes. The steroid-hormone metabolism and biosynthesis pathway was found significantly associated with both age at menarche and age at natural menopause (P = 0.040 and 0.011, respectively). In addition, the group of genes associated with precocious or delayed puberty was found significantly associated with age at menarche (P = 0.013), and the group of genes involved in premature ovarian failure with age at menopause (P = 0.025).
Allelic variation in floral quantitative traits, including the elements of flowers and fruits, is caused by extremely complex regulatory processes. In the genetic improvement of flare tree peony (
...Paeonia rockii
), a unique ornamental and edible oil woody species in the genus
Paeonia
, a better understanding of the genetic composition of these complex traits related to flowers and fruits is needed. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 160
P. rockii
accessions and conducted single-marker association analysis for 19 quantitative flower and fruit traits using 81 EST-SSR markers. The results showed that the population had a high phenotypic diversity (coefficients of variation, 11.87–110.64%) and a high level of genetic diversity (mean number of alleles,
N
A
= 6.09). These accessions were divided into three subgroups by STRUCTURE analysis and a neighbor-joining tree. Furthermore, we also found a low level of linkage disequilibrium between these EST-SSRs and, by single-marker association analysis, identified 134 significant associations, including four flower traits with 11 EST-SSRs and 10 fruit traits with 32 EST-SSRs. Finally, based on the sequence alignment of the associated markers, P280, PS2, PS12, PS27, PS118, PS131, and PS145 may be considered potential loci to increase the yield of flare tree peony. These results laid the foundation for further analysis of the genetic structure of some key traits in
P. rockii
and had an obvious potential application value in marker-assisted selection breeding.
Social avoidance plays an important role in influencing quality of life among patients with breast cancer. Social avoidance behaviors change with treatment periods. However, the trajectory patterns ...and the predictive factors have not been fully studied.
This study examined the growth trajectory of social avoidance and its predictors in patients with breast cancer.
A total of 176 patients with breast cancer in a university hospital in Shaanxi Province, China, were followed up four times over 6 months following surgery, and data from the final 144 patients were analyzed. The growth mixed model (GMM) was used to identify the trajectory categories, and the predictive factors of the trajectory types were analyzed by logistic regression.
The best-fit growth mixture modeling revealed three class models: persistent high social avoidance group (Class 1), social avoidance increased first and then decreased group (Class 2), and no social avoidance group (Class 3), accounting for 13.89, 31.94, and 54.17% of patients, respectively. Single-factor analysis showed that family income per capita, residence, and temperament type were related to the social avoidance trajectory. Logistic regression analysis showed that only temperament type was an independent predictor of the social avoidance trajectory, and patients with melancholia were more likely to have persistent high social avoidance.
Our study proved the heterogeneity of social avoidance behaviors and the influencing effect of temperament type on the development of social avoidance behaviors in Chinese patients with breast cancer. Health professionals should pay more attention to patients who are at higher risk of developing a persistent social avoidance pattern and provide target interventions.
Objective
The psychological problems of frontline nurses in COVID-19 prevention and control are very prominent, and targeted intervention is needed to alleviate them. This study was to assess the ...impact of online intervention programs on psychological crisis of anxiety, depression levels and physical symptoms among frontline nurses fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A three-stage online psychological crisis intervention program was established. The General Anxiety 7 (GAD-7) assessment, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Self-rating Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS) were used to evaluate the effect of intervention on the day before entering isolation wards (Time 1), the first day after leaving the isolation ward (Time 2), and at the end of the intervention (Time 3).
Results
Sixty-two nurses completed the study, including 59 female (95.2%) and three male nurses (4.8%) with an age range of 23–49 (mean 33.37 ± 6.01). A significant (
P
< 0.01) difference existed in the scores of GAD-7, PHQ-9, and SSS at different intervention periods. The GAD-7 score was significantly (
P
< 0.001) lower at the end of quarantine period (time 3) than that before entering the isolation wards (time 1) or after leaving the isolation wards (time 2), the PHQ-9 score was significantly (
P
= 0.016) lower at the end of quarantine period (time 3) than that after leaving the isolation wards (time 2), and the SSS score was significantly (
P
< 0.001) lower at the end of quarantine period (time 3) than that before entering the isolation wards (time 1) or after leaving the isolation wards (time 2).
Conclusion
The three-stage online intervention program based on the psychological crisis can be effective in reducing negative emotions and somatic symptoms and improving the mental health of frontline nurses in prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. It may provide an empirical basis for psychological crisis intervention of frontline medical staff when facing public health emergencies.
Approximately 94% of sensory information acquired by humans originates from the visual and auditory channels. Such information can be temporarily stored and processed in working memory, but this ...system has limited capacity. Working memory plays an important role in higher cognitive functions and is controlled by central executive function. Therefore, elucidating the influence of the central executive function on information processing in working memory, such as in audiovisual integration, is of great scientific and practical importance.
This study used a paradigm that combined N-back and Go/NoGo tasks, using simple Arabic numerals as stimuli, to investigate the effects of cognitive load (modulated by varying the magnitude of N) and audiovisual integration on the central executive function of working memory as well as their interaction.
Sixty college students aged 17-21 years were enrolled and performed both unimodal and bimodal tasks to evaluate the central executive function of working memory. The order of the three cognitive tasks was pseudorandomized, and a Latin square design was used to account for order effects. Finally, working memory performance, i.e., reaction time and accuracy, was compared between unimodal and bimodal tasks with repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
As cognitive load increased, the presence of auditory stimuli interfered with visual working memory by a moderate to large extent; similarly, as cognitive load increased, the presence of visual stimuli interfered with auditory working memory by a moderate to large effect size.
Our study supports the theory of competing resources, i.e., that visual and auditory information interfere with each other and that the magnitude of this interference is primarily related to cognitive load.
Lymphocytes are generally accepted to be a key component of the immune response, and an inadequate immune response is closely associated with disease severity and adverse outcomes in hepatitis B ...virus (HBV)-infected patients. The present study aimed to determine and compare the prognostic values of five lymphocyte-based scores (monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio MLR, mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio MPVLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio NLR, red cell distribution width-to-lymphocyte ratio RLR, and C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio CLR) for HBV-associated decompensated cirrhosis (HBV-DC).
Data were extracted from an institutional database. The outcome was 30-day mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted, and the resulting area under the curve (AUC) values were used to evaluate the predictive capabilities of the five lymphocyte-based scores for mortality in HBC-DC relative to Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score.
The study included 273 patients, and the 30-day mortality was 20.9%. Lymphocyte counts were slightly lower in non-survivors than in survivors. The prognostic values of CLR, NLR, MLR, MPVLR, and RLR for mortality in HBV-DC were different. The predictive powers of NLR and MLR were superior to those of the other three scores and similar to that of MELD score. Multivariate analyses identified NLR, MLR, and MELD score as independent prognostic predictors.
High NLR and MLR are easily accessible and reliable indicators for predicting 30-day mortality in HBV-DC and have superior prognostic ability compared with other lymphocyte-based scores.
Male novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients tend to have poorer clinical outcomes than female patients, while the myocardial injury is strongly associated with COVID-19-related adverse events. ...Owing to a lack of corresponding data, we aimed to investigate the sex differences in the incidence of myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients and to identify the potential underlying mechanisms, which may partly account for the sex bias in the incidence of adverse events. This retrospective study included 1,157 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in Huoshenshan Hospital from 12 March 2020 to 11 April 2020. Data on the patients' demographic characteristics, initial symptoms, comorbidities and laboratory tests were collected. Totally, 571 (49.4%) female and 586 (50.6%) male COVID-19 patients were enrolled. The incidence of myocardial injury was higher among men than women (9.2 vs. 4.9%,
= 0.004). In the logistic regression analysis, age, and chronic kidney disease were associated with myocardial injury in both sexes. However, hypertension odds ratio (OR) = 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20-4.22, coronary artery disease (
= 2.46, 95% CI 1.14-5.34), leucocyte counts (
= 3.13, 95% CI 1.24-7.86), hs-CRP (
= 4.45, 95% CI 1.33-14.83), and D-dimer
= 3.93 (1.27-12.19), 95% CI 1.27-12.19 were independent risk factors only in the men. The correlations of hs-CRP and D-dimer with hs-cTnI and BNP were stronger in the men. The incidence of myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients is sex-dependent, predominantly in association with a greater degree of inflammation and coagulation disorders in men. Our findings can be used to improve the quality of clinical management in such settings.
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