In this paper, we present a new method and process for combinatorial solid phase library synthesis. The new method, we call “Syn&Sort”, combines the advantages of the directed sorting technique with ...those of miniaturized parallel synthesis. Directed sorting steps were realized by combination of two encoding principles: spatially resolved encoding was used for a carrier chip, bearing 60 solid phase units and an individual barcode‐marker for each carrier. Solid phase supports were made of glass with a magnetic core coated with functionalized polymer support. Sixty synthesis units were arranged on each carrier chip using the magnetic “clip board” principle. No special synthesis equipment is necessary because all carriers can be used in standard laboratory equipment. Syn&Sort was applied for the synthesis of a pentamer‐peptide library. The design and construction of the magnetic synthesis support, carrier chips, and handling device are given. Here, we provide proof of principle of the new Syn&Sort method and introduce it to the scientific and commercial research.
Purpose: To survey the application of statistical standards mandated by the Supreme Court in discrimination cases based on disproportionate impact. Observations: The statistical standards mandated by ...the Supreme Court place a heavy burden on plaintiffs in discrimination cases, and as a result, a greater probability exists that cases of actual discrimination will survive judicial scrutiny. Lower courts, in applying these standards, have concluded that statistics falling short of the established requirements are nevertheless probative. Conversely, statistics which on their face satisfy the high court's test for disproportionate impact are subject to mitigating and overriding factors. Conclusions: This study indicates that the test set forth by the Supreme Court may have consequences in the form of type II errors which courts should consider when deciding whether a prima facie case exists.
Infusing reading into science learning Zmach, Courtney C; Sanders, Jennifer; Patrick, Jennifer Drake ...
Educational Leadership,
12/2006, Letnik:
64, Številka:
4
Magazine Article, Trade Publication Article
Too many middle school students struggle to comprehend their textbooks in science and other content areas. Thus, many adolescent learners lag behind in developing scientific literacy, which the ...National Research Council has defined as sufficient understanding of the scientific concepts and processes required for personal decision making, participation in civic life, and economic productivity. A case study of a program combining reading and science instruction is discussed.
Infusing Reading into Science Learning Zmach, Courtney C; Sanders, Jennifer; Patrick, Jennifer Drake ...
Educational leadership,
01/2007, Letnik:
64, Številka:
4
Magazine Article
Too many middle school students struggle to comprehend their textbooks in science and other content areas. Thus, many adolescent learners lag behind in developing scientific literacy, which the ...National Research Council has defined as sufficient understanding of the scientific concepts and processes required for personal decision making, participation in civic life, and economic productivity. With these concerns in mind, professors and doctoral students from the University of Florida at Gainesville collaborated with two middle school teachers in the 2004-05 academic year to integrate reading instruction and a wide range of science readings into these teachers' 6th grade science classrooms. Their action research team provided students with explicit instruction in reading strategies, exposure to award-winning science books and related activities, and professional development focused on building teachers' comfort with integrating reading into science. End-of-year test results showed that students who received this intervention achieved higher scores in both science and reading than did students whose teachers didn't participate.
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