To determine what influence automatic patient-instruction (API) devices have on image quality of chest computed tomographic (CT) scans and whether the qualitative outcome justifies their routine use.
...Thin-collimation CT scans of two age- and sex-matched groups of 64 patients each were evaluated prospectively for the presence of breathing artifacts and for concomitant deterioration of image quality. Breathing commands in group 1 were given with the API device and in group 2 with technologist-performed patient instruction. Cardiac motion artifacts were not evaluated. The frequency of scans repeated owing to breathing artifact was determined.
Image quality was worse in group 1 compared with that of group 2. The percentage of scans repeated was higher with API (38%) than without API (16%).
API devices cannot be recommended for thin-section CT of the thorax. The large number of scans that must be repeated leads to a considerable increase in patient irradiation, scanning time, and cost.
We successfully used high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) for treating severe acquired lobar emphysema in two premature newborn infants (birth weights, 1,450 and 1,300 g). After successful ...weaning from mechanical ventilation for hyaline membrane disease, they needed additional ventilatory support because they developed severe lobar emphysema compressing the residual lung. In both patients, radiographic signs of lobar emphysema disappeared completely after 3 days of HFOV. Diagnosis and follow-up were confirmed by high-resolution computed tomography. We conclude that HFOV may be a useful noninvasive method for treating severe lobar emphysema.
The domestic pig was used to develop a new model for evaluating the emetogenic potential of anticancer drugs and determining the antiemetic activity of drugs. Emesis was characterized by expulsion of ...solid or liquid material. In each animal, the number of vomits after infusion of the emetogenic drug (infusion in ketamine and xylazine anesthesia) was recorded in 1-hr periods during the first 4 hr and then in a 4- and a 16-hr period. Intravenous infusion of cisplatin caused a concentration-dependent emetic response. Anti-cancer drugs other than cisplatin such as carboplatin, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide, also induced emesis, indicating that the domestic pig is suitable to detect the emetogenic potential of chemotherapeutic agents. A cisplatin dose of 2 mg/kg i.v. proved to be most suitable for studying the effect of potential antiemetic drugs (applied as i.v. injection), because this cisplatin dose caused consistent emetic responses without other toxic signs in the 24 hr following its infusion. Emesis induced by cisplatin was reduced by high doses of metoclopramide (25 mg/pig; approximately 0.8 mg/kg). The more selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonists, alizapride and domperidone, even at high doses (25-50 mg/pig; approximately 0.8-1.6 mg/kg), did not inhibit cisplatin-induced emesis, nor did haloperidol up to 20 mg/pig (approximately 0.6 mg/kg). Sulpride (50 mg/pig; approximately 1.6 mg/kg) halved the occurrence of vomits in the first 4 hr after cisplatin, but this effect was followed by an increase in the frequency of vomits; thus, no change in the total number of vomits was observed in the 24-hr observation period.
Nutritional knowledge in patients with eating disorders Laessle, Reinhold G.; Schweiger, Ulrich; Daute-Herold, Ulla ...
The International journal of eating disorders,
1988, 1988-01, January 1988, 1988-01-00, 19880101, Letnik:
7, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Extract: A questionnaire was developed to measure main areas of nutritional knowledge. Fifty-six patients with DSM-III diagnoses of anorexia nervosa, bulimia, or atypical eating disorders and 144 ...normal controls completed the questionnaire. Item analyses of a condensed form of the original instrument indicated satisfactory reliability of total scale and subscales. Patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia had significantly higher mean scores for nutritional knowledge than controls on subscales "Macronutrients and Roughage" and "Calories" but did not differ from them on the subscale "Micronutrients and Vitamins." Patients with bulimia and patients with anorexia nervosa had equivalent scores. About 15% of anorectic or bulimic patients scored below the 25th percentile of normal controls. Implications for dietary management in eating disorders are discussed.(author).
We investigate the following classes of equational theories which are important in unification theory: permutative, finite, Noetherian, simple, almost collapse free, collapse free, regular, and ...Ω-free theories. We show some relationships between the particular classes and their connections to the unification hierarchy. Especially, we study conditions, under which minimal and complete sets of unifiers always exist.
We have some undecidability results for the membership problem of equational theories to these classes (the ‘class problem’): simplicity, almost collapse freeness, and Ω-freeness are undecidable properties. Finiteness is known to be also undecidable, and the other investigated properties, permutativity, regularity, and collapse freeness, are known to be trivially decidable.
We give an equational theory where every single equation has a minimal set of unifiers, however, for some systems of equations no minimal set of unifiers exists. This example suggests that the definition of a unification problem has to be modified and that the definitions of the unification types have to be adapted accordingly.
Let {Xj, j ≥ 1} be a strictly stationary sequence of random variables with mean zero, finite variance, and satisfying a strong mixing condition. Denote by Snthe nth partial sum and suppose ...that$\operatorname{Var} S_n$is regularly varying of order 1. We prove that if$S_n (\operatorname{Var} S_n)^{-1/2}$does not converge to zero in L1, then {Xj, j ≥ 1} is in the domain of partial attraction of a Gaussian law. If, however, no subsequence of$\{S_n(\operatorname{Var} S_n)^{-1/2}, n \geq 1\}$converges to zero in L1and if E|Sn| is regularly varying of order 1/2, then {Xj, j ≥ 1} is in the domain of attraction to a Gaussian law. In each case the norming constant can be chosen as E|Sn|.
Resampling U-statistics using p-stable laws Dehling, Herold; Denker, Manfred; Woyczynski, Wojbor A.
Journal of Multivariate Analysis/Journal of multivariate analysis,
07/1990, Letnik:
34, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
It is well known that symmetric statistics based on a kernel with finite second moment have a limit law which can be described by a multiple Wiener-Ito integral. However, if the kernel has less than ...second moments, no weak limit law holds in general. In the present paper we show that by a suitable change of the empirical process this process has a
p-stable multiple integral as its limit.
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