Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), followed by multivariate treatment of the spectral data, was used to classify vegetable oils according to their botanical origin, and also to establish ...the composition of binary mixtures of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) with other low cost edible oils. Oil samples corresponding to five different botanical origins (EVOO, sunflower, corn, soybean and hazelnut) were used. The wavelength scale of the FTIR spectra of the oils was divided in 26 regions. The normalized absorbance peak areas within these regions were used as predictors. Classification of the oil samples according to their botanical origin was achieved by linear discriminant analysis (LDA). An excellent resolution among all categories was achieved using an LDA model constructed with eight predictors. In addition, multiple linear regression models were used to predict the composition of binary mixtures of EVOO with sunflower, corn, soybean and hazelnut oils. For all the binary mixtures, models capable of detecting a low cost oil content in EVOO as low as 5% were obtained.
In this article, we study the full one-loop SUSY contributions to the lepton flavor violating Higgs decay harrowrighttaumu, within the context of the supersymmetric inverse seesaw model. We assume ...that both the right-handed neutrino masses, M sub()R and their supersymmetric partner masses, m sub(nu)R are not far from the interesting scriptO(TeV) energy scale, and we work with scenarios with large neutrino Yukawa couplings that transmit large lepton flavor violating effects. By exploring the behavior with the most relevant parameters, mainly M sub()R m sub(nu)Rand the trilinear sneutrino coupling A sub(nu), we will look for regions of the parameter space where the enhancement of BR(harrowrighttaumu) is large enough to reach values at the percent level, which could explain the excess recently reported by CMS and ATLAS at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.
Diabet. Med. 29, 813–818 (2012)
Aims/hypothesis The aim of this study was to determine the rate of recurrence, reulceration and new episodes of osteomyelitis and the duration of postoperative ...antibiotic treatment in a prospective cohort of patients with diabetes who underwent conservative surgery for osteomyelitis.
Methods The prospective cohort included patients with diabetes and a definitive diagnosis of osteomyelitis who were admitted to the Diabetic Foot Unit (Surgery Department, La Paloma Hospital, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain) and underwent surgical treatment from 1 November 2007 to 30 May 2010.
Results Eighty‐one patients were operated on for osteomyelitis during the study period. Seven patients were lost to follow‐up at different stages of the study. The median duration of follow‐up was 101.8 weeks (quartile 1 = 56.6, quartile 3 = 126.7). Forty‐eight patients (59.3%) underwent conservative surgery, 32 (39.5%) had minor amputations and there was one (1.2%) major amputation. Twenty patients (24.7%) required reoperation because of persistent infection. Postoperative antibiotic treatment over a median period of 36 days was provided. Wound healing was achieved by secondary intention for a median of 8 weeks. Sixty‐five patients were available for follow‐up after healing. The percentage of recurrence, reulceration, and new episodes of osteomyelitis was 4.6% (3/65), 43% (28/65) and 16.9% (11/65), respectively. Mortality during follow‐up (excluding in‐hospital deaths and patients lost to follow‐up) was 13% (9/69).
Conclusion A low rate of recurrence of osteomyelitis after surgical treatment for osteomyelitis was achieved. Despite new episodes, our approach to managing this cohort of patients with diabetes and foot osteomyelitis achieved 98.8% limb salvage.
An important task at future colliders is the measurement of the triple Higgs coupling. Depending on its size relative to the Standard Model (SM) value, certain collider options result in a higher ...experimental accuracy. Within the framework of Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM) types I and II we investigate the allowed ranges for all triple Higgs couplings involving at least one light, SM-like Higgs boson. We take into account theoretical constraints (unitarity, stability), experimental constraints from direct Higgs-boson searches, measurements of the SM-like Higgs-boson properties, flavor observables and electroweak precision data. We find that the SM-type triple Higgs coupling w.r.t. its SM value,
λ
hhh
/
λ
SM
, can range between
∼
-
0.5
and
∼
1.5
. Depending on which value is realized, the HL-LHC can compete with, or is clearly inferior to the ILC. We find the coupling
λ
hhH
between
∼
-
1.5
and
∼
1.5
. Triple Higgs couplings involving two heavy Higgs bosons,
λ
hHH
,
λ
hAA
and
λ
h
H
+
H
-
can reach values up to
O
(
10
)
, roughly independent of the 2HDM type. This can lead to potentially strongly enhanced production of two Higgs-bosons at the HL-LHC or high-energy
e
+
e
-
colliders.
Extensive scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy experiments complemented by first-principles and parametrized tight binding calculations provide a clear answer to the existence, origin, and ...robustness of van Hove singularities (vHs) in twisted graphene layers. Our results are conclusive: vHs due to interlayer coupling are ubiquitously present in a broad range (from 1° to 10°) of rotation angles in our graphene on 6H-SiC(000-1) samples. From the variation of the energy separation of the vHs with the rotation angle we are able to recover the Fermi velocity of a graphene monolayer as well as the strength of the interlayer interaction. The robustness of the vHs is assessed both by experiments, which show that they survive in the presence of a third graphene layer, and by calculations, which test the role of the periodic modulation and absolute value of the interlayer distance. Finally, we clarify the role of the layer topographic corrugation and of electronic effects in the apparent moiré contrast measured on the STM images.
Attention exerts a strong influence over neuronal processing in cortical areas. It selectively increases firing rates and affects tuning properties, including changing receptive field locations and ...sizes. Although these effects are well studied, their cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. To study the cellular mechanisms, we combined iontophoretic pharmacological analysis of cholinergic receptors with single cell recordings in V1 while rhesus macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta) performed a task that demanded top-down spatial attention. Attending to the receptive field of the V1 neuron under study caused an increase in firing rates. Here we show that this attentional modulation was enhanced by low doses of acetylcholine. Furthermore, applying the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine reduced attentional modulation, whereas the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine had no systematic effect. These results demonstrate that muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms play a central part in mediating the effects of attention in V1.
In this work we briefly describe the most relevant features of WSXM, a freeware scanning probe microscopy software based on MS-Windows. The article is structured in three different sections: The ...introduction is a perspective on the importance of software on scanning probe microscopy. The second section is devoted to describe the general structure of the application; in this section the capabilities of WSXM to read third party files are stressed. Finally, a detailed discussion of some relevant procedures of the software is carried out.
The present study aims to validate the Spanish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and to determine the use of this tool for screening mood and anxiety disorders. Psychometric ...properties of the HADS were assessed in different groups of general medical outpatients attending the Hospital Clínic in Barcelona (
N=385), and psychiatric diagnoses were made using DSM-IV criteria. A two-factor solution corresponding to the original two subscales of the HADS was found. The Spanish version of the HADS had good internal consistency and external validity, with favorable sensitivity and specificity in identifying cases of psychiatric disorder as defined by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). The psychometric properties of the HADS and its brevity make it useful for screening for psychiatric disorders in the medically ill.
Aims/hypothesis We analysed the factors that determine the outcomes of surgical treatment of osteomyelitis of the foot in diabetic patients given early surgical treatment within 12 h of admission and ...treated with prioritisation of foot-sparing surgery and avoidance of amputation. Methods A consecutive series of 185 diabetic patients with foot osteomyelitis and histopathological confirmation of bone involvement were followed until healing, amputation or death. Results Probing to bone was positive in 175 cases (94.5%) and radiological signs of osteomyelitis were found in 157 cases (84.8%). Staphylococcus aureus was the organism isolated in the majority of cultures (51.3%), and in 35 cases (36.8%) it proved to be methicillin-resistant. The surgical treatment performed included 91 conservative surgical procedures, which were defined as those where no amputation of any part of the foot was undertaken (49.1%). A total of 94 patients received some degree of amputation, consisting of 79 foot-level (minor) amputations (42.4%) and 15 major amputations (8%). Five patients died during the perioperative period (2.7%). Histopathological analysis revealed 94 cases (50.8%) of acute osteomyelitis, 43 cases (23.2%) of chronic osteomyelitis, 45 cases (24.3%) of acute exacerbation of chronic osteomyelitis and three remaining cases (1.6%) designated as 'other'. The risks of failure in the case of conservative surgery were exposed bone, the presence of ischaemia and necrotising soft tissue infection. Conclusions/interpretation Conservative surgery without local or high-level amputation is successful in almost half of the cases of diabetic foot osteomyelitis. Prospective trials should be undertaken to determine the relative roles of conservative surgery versus other approaches.
Historical records are an important source of information on extreme and rare floods and fundamental to establish a reliable flood return frequency. The use of long historical records for flood ...frequency analysis brings in the question of flood stationarity, since climatic and land-use conditions can affect the relevance of past flooding as a predictor of future flooding. In this paper, a detailed 400 yr flood record from the Tagus River in Aranjuez (central Spain) was analysed under stationary and non-stationary flood frequency approaches, to assess their contribution within hazard studies. Historical flood records in Aranjuez were obtained from documents (Proceedings of the City Council, diaries, chronicles, memoirs, etc.), epigraphic marks, and indirect historical sources and reports. The water levels associated with different floods (derived from descriptions or epigraphic marks) were computed into discharge values using a one-dimensional hydraulic model. Secular variations in flood magnitude and frequency, found to respond to climate and environmental drivers, showed a good correlation between high values of historical flood discharges and a negative mode of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. Over the systematic gauge record (1913–2008), an abrupt change on flood magnitude was produced in 1957 due to constructions of three major reservoirs in the Tagus headwaters (Bolarque, Entrepeñas and Buendia) controlling 80% of the watershed surface draining to Aranjuez. Two different models were used for the flood frequency analysis: (a) a stationary model estimating statistical distributions incorporating imprecise and categorical data based on maximum likelihood estimators, and (b) a time-varying model based on "generalized additive models for location, scale and shape" (GAMLSS) modelling, which incorporates external covariates related to climate variability (NAO index) and catchment hydrology factors (in this paper a reservoir index; RI). Flood frequency analysis using documentary data (plus gauged records) improved the estimates of the probabilities of rare floods (return intervals of 100 yr and higher). Under non-stationary modelling flood occurrence associated with an exceedance probability of 0.01 (i.e. return period of 100 yr) has changed over the last 500 yr due to decadal and multi-decadal variability of the NAO. Yet, frequency analysis under stationary models was successful in providing an average discharge around which value flood quantiles estimated by non-stationary models fluctuate through time.
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