Background: It is difficult to make an exact morphological distinction between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. We used High Resolution Melting analysis (HRM) method to differentiate the F. ...hepatica species from F. gigantica in order to differentiate them. Methods: Overall, 80 adult liver flukes were collected from infected slaughtered animals including cattle, sheep and goats from Lorestan Province, western Iran from Sep 2015 to Aug 2017. Genomic DNA was extracted using commercial DNA extraction kit. The multilocus sequences of mDNA including COX1, COX3 and ND6 were amplified employing real-time PCR & HRM analysis. Specific and universal primer pairs were designed for differentiation Fasciola spp. Results: Universal primers cannot be used to distinguish between these two species, but in the contrary, specific primer pairs of each species could differentiate them properly. Molecular identification using specific primer pairs were consistent. Conclusion: HRM is a simple, fast and reliable method for detecting and differentiating F. hepatica from F. gigantica and can be used for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes.
Background: We aimed to detect the genetic diversity of samples identified morphologically as Fasciola spp. from sheep, cattle and goat from Lorestan Province, western Iran using PCR-RFLP method. ...Besides, we evaluated the genetic diversity indices, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial gene (ND1 and CO1).
Methods: PCR-RFLP analysis of ribosomal ITS1 fragment by RsaI restriction enzyme to investigate the genetic characteristics of Fasciola species obtained from different hosts (18 sheep, 21 cattle, and 17goats) was conducted. The samples were sequenced. Sequences were evaluated using BLAST software and the parasite species were identified with similarity percentage and overlap with the species registered in the gene bank. Then similarity and diversity of intra-species and intra-species diversity of Fasciola species were calculated.
Results: In Lorestan, based on RFLP pattern, 93% (52) of the Fasciola spp. isolates had a RFLP pattern related to F. hepatica and 7% (4) were F. gigantica. No hybrid forms were detected. The CO1 gene could clarify 19 haplotypes against ND1 gene that found 22 haplotypes among livestock. Sequencing results of the mtDNA showed intra-species identity 98. 5%-100% and Intra-species-diversity: 0-1.5% compared to the GenBank sequences.
Conclusion: Using PCR-RFLP method, two species of F. hepatica and F. gigantica, were present in Lorestan Province, but F. hepatica was more prevalent. Mitochondrial genes could better test variability indices in different hosts than ribosomal genes, consequently among mitochondrial genes, the ND1 gene could better examine differences and similarities than CO1.
Fasciolosis is a shared disease between humans and livestock caused by hepatic trematodes;
and
. Differentiate between the two species of this genus is essential. High-Resolution Melting (HRM) ...Analysis represents a new approach to this issue. This method can be performed right after termination of Real-Time PCR. This technique has not been used for identification of adult
and
genotypes. The aim of this study was to determine
species by using HRM in isolates taken from Iran, respectively.
Ninety-three
spp. samples were collected from infected slaughtered animals in different regions of Iran, including North West (Ardebil Province) and South East (Zahedan Province) during 2016. Genomic DNA from the samples was extracted using a DNA extraction kit and then after Real-Time PCR amplification, HRM was done.
Overall, 59 and 34 isolates were identified as
and
, respectively. The percentages of each species from animals were as follows: sheep (
, 80.39% and
, 19.61%), cattle (
, 42.85% and
, 57.15%).
HRM technique developed in the present study is a powerful, rapid and sensitive technique for epidemiological survey and molecular identification between
and
.
Our knowledge of the epidemiology of rodents' parasitic agents in Iran is scarce, although some of these pathogens play an important role in human and veterinary medicine, such as
and
. The purpose ...of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of
and
in rodents of northwestern Iran between Mar and Dec 2015.
Overall, 157 serum samples from rodents (101
, 41
, and 15
) were assayed by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) for antibodies to
and
.
We found a prevalence of 20.38% (32/157) for
35% (55/157) for
. Co-presence of antibodies to
and
was found in 10 (6.36%) rodents. A significant association was found between the rodents species and seropositivity to
(
<0.05) but there was no association with rodents species for
. The overall prevalence of the aforementioned parasites was higher in male versus female rodents.
The high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in rodents in the study area has implications for translocation of these infections across wider geographical regions since these rodents are mostly preyed on by cats or dogs; hence, which can transfer the parasite to other hosts.
Leishmaniasis is a sand fly-borne disease caused by the protozoan parasites belonging to the genus
. Because of the preventing and controlling methods, clinical course, prognosis and choice of ...treatment are differing from species; differentiation of species is critical. The present study was aimed to detect the parasite species using the PCR-RFLP method.
A total of 130 Giemsa-Stained slides from suspected Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients were examined under a light microscope at ×1000. DNA from each slide was extracted PCR method was undertaken with HSP70 genes and the PCR products were digested with a restriction enzyme HaeIII (BsuR1). The study was conducted in the laboratory of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in the Sistan and Baluchestan Province, southeastern Iran in 2015.
From 130 suspected samples, 59 (45.3%) were positive by the microscopic examination, meanwhile 64 (49.2%) were positive by PCR-RFLP,
species were recognized, and
was introduced as predominant species in current study.
PCR-RFLP is a valuable technique for distinguish of
species. Furthermore, anthroponotic CL is the dominant cause of CL in Sistan and Baluchestan Province.
Abstract Market sentiment analysis (MSA) has evolved significantly over nearly four decades, growing in relevance and application in economics and finance. This paper extensively reviews MSA, ...encompassing methodologies ranging from lexicon‐based techniques to traditional Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and hybrid approaches. Emphasizing the transition from rudimentary word counters to sophisticated feature extraction from diverse sources such as news, social media, and share prices, the study presents an updated state‐of‐the‐art review of sentiment analysis. Furthermore, using network analysis, a bibliometric and scientometric lens is applied to map the expanding footprint of sentiment research within economics and finance, revealing key trends, dominant research hubs, and potential areas for interdisciplinary collaboration. This exploration consolidates the foundational and emerging methods in MSA and underscores its dynamic interplay with global financial ecosystems and the imperative for future integrative research trajectories.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of fasciolosis in the definitive hosts (human and livestock) and intermediate (
snails) hosts in Kermanshah Province, western Iran from 2014-2016.
The study on ...animals was descriptive and retrospective one. All daily records of animals slaughtered in the abattoirs were analyzed. For the study of human fascioliasis, 975 serum samples were collected from different parts of Kermanshah Province and analyzed using ELISA based on excretory-secretory antigens. Moreover, 4400
snails were collected from 25 habitats. The snails were identified and examined for presence of cercariae by shedding method.
Fasciolosis was diagnosed in 1.7% of slaughtered animals, which was significantly greater than the other species (
<0.005). There was significant difference (
<0.001) between the prevalence of fasciolosis and seasonal pattern. As for human cases, five cases (0.5%) were positive for fascioliasis. Regarding the seropositivity to fasciolosis, no significant differences were found for age groups, sex, level of education and occupation. No
infection was seen in snails of the family Lymnaeidae.
The prevalence of
parasite was lower compared to other provinces. This is probably due to sequential decline in rainfall and hot climate that makes conditions difficult for the snail intermediate host snails and the larval stages of fasciolid trematodes. The habitual food of people is another important point.
The aim of this study was the seroepidemiological survey for detecting the status of human fasciolosis in Lorestan Province, western Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015-16. Based ...on statistical estimations, 1256 serum samples were collected from different parts of Lorestan Province, western Iran, and stored at -20 °C until use. The collected serum samples were analyzed at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran using indirect ELISA method.
Anti-
antibodies were detected in 16 (1.3%) individuals. Regarding the seropositivity to fasciolosis, no significant differences were found between age groups, sex, level of education and occupation; however significant differences were observed regarding location, consuming local freshwater plants and water resources (
<0.02.).
Local freshwater plants and unfiltered water resources were probably the main sources of the infection. Health education by local health centers to elevate awareness of people, and providing facilities for safer drinking water, especially in rural areas may help decrease the risk of fasciolosis infection in this region.
Fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Fasciola spp. We report five serologically and molecularly confirmed cases in an emerging region in Iran. A retrospective, case series study, performed in ...Lorestan Province, west of Iran between January 2015 and June 2016. From 1256 patients examined, 16 patients had positive serum ELISA. Five cases were approved as infected with fasciolosis using stool exam and PCR. Age ranged from 24 to 80 yr with mean age of 45 years. All of patients were adults and four of them had abdominal and back pain. Other symptoms included fever and chills, coughing and sore throat, weight loss, cutaneous manifestations. All patients lived in the rural environment, and four reported the ingestion of raw aquatic plants such as watercress. In fecal examination for fluke eggs, four samples were positive for F. hepatica eggs. Conventional PCR analysis showed that five human stools were positive for F. hepatica. All of 5 patients were treated with the usual dose of triclabendazole. A history of recent consumption of raw aquatic plants (in 4 out of 5 patients) is an important finding, but in one patient the source of infection remained unclear. Lorestan should be considered as an emerging region for this disease and further research in this province should be carried out.
We evaluated the anti-malarial activity of
individually and in combination with chloroquine.
This study was conducted at the School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, ...Iran in 2015-2016. The Peter's method was used for determining fifty percent effective dose (ED50) of the
extract and chloroquine individually against chloroquine sensitive
in small white mice. Six experimental groups for
and 6 groups for chloroquine and two control group (positive and negative) were considered for determination of ED50. Interaction between
and chloroquine also was evaluated based on fixed ratios method. Ratios of 0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 60/40, 80/20, 100/0 of ED50 of chloroquine and
respectively were tested against the parasite. Then inhibitory effects of two drugs were calculated and plotted in the relevant graphs.
Overall, 1500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg concentrations of
against
resulted in ED50 and ED74 respectively. ED50 of chloroquine against the parasite was obtained as 1.4 mg/kg of mouse body weight. Moreover, combination of
and chloroquine showed a weak potentiation in ratios of 40/60 (chloroquine +
) with 64% inhibition, but not in other ratios.
Although
individually showed a reasonable antimalarial efficacy against chloroquine sensitive
, in combination with chloroquine it showed additive or antagonism result except in ratios of 40%CQ+60%HP.
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