Abstract
Jabodetabek Commuter Line (KRL) is an essential transportation infrastructure that connects the city’s suburbs with the central business district. Despite the system’s expansion in recent ...years, there needs to be more research on how the public perceives the KRL system as a sustainable transportation option and how these perceptions might influence the system’s effectiveness in achieving sustainable urban development goals. This study aims to understand how Jabodetabek residents perceive the KRL system as a sustainable transportation option. The method of this study is qualitative research with in-depth interviews. The study found that Jabodetabek residents perceive the KRL system as a sustainable transportation option for their daily needs. The participants identified several positive aspects of the KRL system, including its affordability, convenience, and environmental friendliness. However, the study also revealed negative perceptions, such as safety concerns and limited connectivity. Positive perceptions of the KRL system can lead to increased usage and greater support for sustainable transportation policies, whereas negative perceptions can have the opposite effect by reducing usage and decreasing support for sustainability initiatives. These findings indicate the importance of understanding the public’s perception of sustainable transportation options in achieving sustainable urban development goals. These insights inform sustainable transportation policymaking and contribute to global knowledge about sustainable cities and communities.
As part of mobility transitions toward a more sustainable, smart, and resilient transportation, there has been a growing literature on ride-hailing services. These literatures tend to focus on the ...users, while little is understood regarding the drivers, particularly female ride-hailing drivers. Ride-hailing driver is often portrayed as a male-dominated occupation and female ride-hailing drivers are met with constraining stereotypes (e.g., less able to drive, easy to panic) and higher perception of risk (i.e., risk of harassment, street crime). This research explores the many narratives concerning female ride-hailing drivers drawing from a focus group with ride-hailing drivers, followed by a structured global literature review on female ride-hailing drivers, and contextualized with studies in Indonesian context. Findings identified spatiotemporal constraints experienced by female ride-hailing drivers, indicating a gendered mobility. This research concludes with future research direction and policy insights to address gendered mobility in the rise of ride-hailing services in Southeast Asia.
At the core of plant regeneration, temperature and water supply are critical drivers for seed dormancy (initiation, break) and germination. Hence, global climate change is altering these ...environmental cues and will preclude, delay, or enhance regeneration from seeds, as already documented in some cases. Along with compromised seedling emergence and vigour, shifts in germination phenology will influence population dynamics, and thus, species composition and diversity of communities. Altered seed maturation (including consequences for dispersal) and seed mass will have ramifications on life history traits of plants. Predicted changes in temperature and precipitation, and thus in soil moisture, will affect many components of seed persistence in soil, e.g. seed longevity, dormancy release and germination, and soil pathogen activity. More/less equitable climate will alter geographic distribution for species, but restricted migratory capacity in some will greatly limit their response. Seed traits for weedy species could evolve relatively quickly to keep pace with climate change enhancing their negative environmental and economic impact. Thus, increased research in understudied ecosystems, on key issues related to seed ecology, and on evolution of seed traits in nonweedy species is needed to more fully comprehend and plan for plant responses to global warming.
Malaria vector control interventions in Sumba, Indonesia, have not been able to eliminate malaria. Human drivers of exposure to Anopheles bites were investigated as part of a larger clinical trial ...evaluating the impact of a spatial repellent product on malaria incidence. Human behavioral observations (HBOs) evaluating temporal and spatial presence, sleeping behaviors, and insecticide treated net (ITN) use, were collected parallel to entomological collections-indoor and outdoor human landing catches (HLCs), and house hold surveys. Data demonstrates that mosquito access to humans, enabled by structurally open houses, is evident by the similar entomological landing rates both inside and outside households. The presence of animals inside houses was associated with increased mosquito entry-however, the number of humans present inside houses was not related to increased mosquito landing. Analyzing mosquito landing rates with human behavior data enables the spatial and temporal estimation of exposure to Anopheles bites, accounting for intervention (ITN) presence and usage. Human behavior adjusted exposure to Anopheles bites was found to be highest in the early in the evening, but continued at lower levels throughout the night. Over the night, most exposure (53%) occurred when people were indoors and not under the protection of nets (asleep or awake) followed by exposure outside (44%). Characterized gaps in protection are outdoor exposure as well as exposure indoors-when awake, and when asleep and not using ITNs. Interestingly, in the primary trial, even though there was not a significant impact of the spatial repellent on vector biting rates by themselves (16%), when factoring in human behavior, there was approximately 28% less exposure in the intervention arm than in the placebo arm. The treated arm had less human behavior adjusted bites in all spaces evaluated though there was proportionally higher exposure indoors. This analysis points to the importance of using HBOs both towards understanding gaps in protection as well as how interventions are evaluated. To mitigate ongoing transmission, understanding context specific spatial and temporal exposure based on the interactions of vectors, humans and interventions would be vital for a directed evidence-based control or elimination strategy.
Ensuring safe and convenient transportation is vital for promoting gender equality. Unfortunately, women in Jabodetabek, Indonesia, frequently express insecurity in public transport due to harassment ...and violence, particularly in crowded buses and trains. This is a critical issue since secure and reliable transportation enables women to engage fully in education, employment, and daily activities. To better understand women's experiences with public transportation in Jabodetabek, a study was conducted using a case study method. Six women commuters who used public transportation to travel within and between Jabodetabek were recruited based on their willingness to share their experiences and the diversity of their routes. The study used qualitative research methods to collect data, including in-depth interviews and observations of informants' commutes. The study discovered that women in Jabodetabek consider safety concerns and social norms crucial when deciding their transportation mode and route. Women's route choices are influenced by the presence of other women, well-lit areas, and visible security personnel, which contribute to their perceived safety and comfort. Gender plays a significant role in shaping these decisions. The implications of these findings are significant for transportation policy and planning in Jabodetabek. The research underscores the need to develop gender-responsive transportation policies and programs that address women commuters' unique challenges and needs. For example, transportation planners can take steps to increase security personnel presence and improve lighting in areas frequented by women. Moreover, providing women-only transportation options can enhance the safety and comfort of women during their travel. The present research is distinguished by its investigation of women's route choices and the multifaceted factors that shape their decision-making process. In addition, this research represents a gap in the existing literature that has yet to be extensively examined, thereby rendering this study a distinctive and valuable contribution to the field.
Abstract
Separator in the supercapacitor that separates the cathode from the anode has an important role in a supercapacitor circuit. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is a substitute for polyolefin which is ...commonly used as a supercapacitor separator and PVA has more environmentally friendly properties. The addition of silica dioxide nanocomposites is useful for adding thermal stability and electrical insulators. The method used to make the separator is quite simple, namely by casting a PVA gel membrane with nanosilica on a glass plate and drying it at low temperature. PVA membrane with nanosilica variations different precursors are from sand by coprecipitation method and from TEOS. The properties of the two samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and LCR meter. Nanosilica derived from sand and from TEOS have no much different characteristic.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide and is responsible as one of the main causes of mortality in both men and women. Despite massive efforts to raise ...public awareness on early screening and significant advancements in the treatment for CRC, the majority of cases are still being diagnosed at the advanced stage. This contributes to low survivability due to this cancer. CRC patients present various genetic changes and epigenetic modifications. The most common genetic alterations associated with CRC are p53 and KRAS mutations. Gene therapy targeting defect genes such as
(tumor suppressor gene encodes for p53) and
(oncogene) in CRC potentially serves as an alternative treatment avenue for the disease in addition to the standard therapy. For the last decade, significant developments have been seen in gene therapy for translational purposes in treating various cancers. This includes the development of vectors as delivery vehicles. Despite the optimism revolving around targeted gene therapy for cancer treatment, it also has various limitations, such as a lack of availability of related technology, high cost of the involved procedures, and ethical issues. This article will provide a review on the potentials and challenges of gene therapy targeting p53 and KRAS for the treatment of CRC.
Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pembelajaran berkaitan dengan penerapan konsep transformasi geometri menjadi desain batik Lia Maido menggunakan aplikasi Desmos. Lia Maido berasal dari bahasa ...Tidung dan Toraja. Lia berarti merah dan Maido berarti hijau. Penggunaan desmos sebagai proses literasi digital bagi guru dan peserta didik pada pembelajaran matematika tentang transformasi geometri. Penerapan konsep transformasi geometri dalam membuat desain batik Lia Maido menggunakan aplikasi desmos dilakukan dalam tiga tahapan. Tahap pertama merancang bangun utama yang akan ditransformasikan, pada desain batik Lia Maido, terdiri atas tiga bangun utama yaitu bidang segi delapan beraturan, bidang persegi, dan bidang segi enam. Tahap kedua mengakses aplikasi desmos dan membuat folder untuk memasukkan titik koordinat dari tiga bangun utama. Tahap ketiga melakukan proses transformasi geometri dari tiga bangun utama di desmos, sehingga diperoleh 3 bangun hasil translasi, 71 bangun hasil refleksi dan 23 bangun hasil rotasi. Penerapan transformasi geometri dalam desain batik melatih peserta didik berfikir kritis, kreatif dalam memecahkan masalah sehingga diperoleh desain pola batik yang diharapkan .Desain batik Lia Maido dari SMAN 1 Nunukan telah berhasil direalisasikan menjadi kain batik, yang di dalamnya memuat materi Transformasi Geometri yaitu Translasi (pergeseran), Refleksi (pencerminan), dan Rotasi (perputaran).
Objective: To find out unit cost of dental health service in Pariaman City Fanisa Clinic using the Activity Based Costing method in era of national health insurance. Method : This research was a ...quantitative descriptive study that used was Activity Based Costing (ABC) used mathematical calculations. Results : The results of this study indicated there was 8 dental health service in Fanisa Clinic in Pariaman City in 2018 and the unit cost for each service was consultation Rp.55.945, permanent tooth extraction Rp.127.825, extraction of deciduous teeth Rp.79.311, composit resin patching Rp.156.384, GIC patching Rp.145.843, scalling Rp.131.358, premedication Rp.61.291 and pulp capping Rp.107.729. Conclusion: The highest unit cost for dental health services at the Fanisa Clinic in Pariaman City was composite resin patching service and the lowest was consulting services. The average unit cost of dental health services at the Fanisa Clinic in Pariaman City was Rp.108.211. The biggest cost in the production unit was the cost of employee salary.
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