COVID toe in an adolescent boy: a case report Wong, J S C; Wong, T S; Chua, G T ...
Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi,
04/2022, Letnik:
28, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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The appearance of chilblain-like lesions was not thought to be associated with a poor disease outcome.2 3 A major limitation of these reports is that only 11% of cases hospitalised tested positive ...for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with the remainder untested or testing negative. Another systematic review also concluded that some, but not all paediatric cases, who developed chilblain-like lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic had positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR, serology or viral particles confirmed in electron microscopy.5 Larger-scale epidemiological study is needed to confirm an association between these chilblain-like lesions and COVID-19 infection. Joshua SC Wong 1 †; TS Wong 1 †; Gilbert T Chua 2 †; Christy Wan 1; SH Lau 1; Samuel CS Ho 1; Jaime S Rosa Duque 2; Ian CK Wong 3,4; Kelvin KW To 5; Winnie WY Tso 2; Christine S Wong 6; Marco HK Ho 2; Janette Kwok 7; CB Chow 1; Paul KH Tam 8,9; Godfrey CF Chan; 2; WH Leung 2; YL Lau 2; Patrick Ip 2; Mike YW Kwan; CUHK 1 1 Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong 2 Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 3 Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 4 Research Department of Practice and Policy, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, United Kingdom 5 Department of Microbiology, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 6 Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong 7 Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong 8 Division of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 9 Dr Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong–Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong † Co-first authors
Abstract
Harnessing the spin–momentum locking of topological surface states in conjunction with magnetic materials is the first step to realize novel topological insulator-based devices. Here, we ...report strong interfacial coupling in Bi
2
Se
3
/yttrium iron garnet (YIG) bilayers manifested as large interfacial in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) and enhancement of damping probed by ferromagnetic resonance. The interfacial IMA and damping enhancement reaches a maximum when the Bi
2
Se
3
film approaches its two-dimensional limit, indicating that topological surface states play an important role in the magnetization dynamics of YIG. Temperature-dependent ferromagnetic resonance of Bi
2
Se
3
/YIG reveals signatures of the magnetic proximity effect of
T
C
as high as 180 K, an emerging low-temperature perpendicular magnetic anisotropy competing the high-temperature IMA, and an increasing exchange effective field of YIG steadily increasing toward low temperature. Our study sheds light on the effects of topological insulators on magnetization dynamics, essential for the development of topological insulator-based spintronic devices.
Development of noninvasive imaging biomarkers indicating the histology and the gene mutation status of brain metastasis from lung cancer is important. We aimed to investigate diffusion-weighted ...imaging parameters as predictors of the histology and gene mutations of brain metastasis from lung cancer.
DWI data for 74 patients with brain metastasis from lung cancer were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were first grouped according to the primary tumor histology (adenocarcinoma, small-cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma), and those with adenocarcinoma were further divided into
(
) mutation-positive and wild type groups. Sex; age; number, size, and location of brain metastasis; DWI visual scores; the minimum ADC; and the normalized ADC ratio were compared among groups using χ
and ANOVA. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of the
mutation.
The minimum ADC was lower in the small-cell lung cancer group than in the other 2 groups, though the difference was not significant. Furthermore, minimum ADC and the normalized ADC ratio were significantly lower in the
mutation-positive group than in the wild type group (
= .021 and .014, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that minimum ADC and the normalized ADC ratio were independently associated with the
mutation status (
= .028 and .021, respectively).
Our results suggest that DWI parameters (minimum ADC and normalized ADC ratio) for the solid components of brain metastasis from lung cancer are not correlated with their histology, whereas they can predict the
mutation status in brain metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma.
Renewable energy sources like wind energy are copiously available without any limitation. Wind turbines are used to tap the potential of wind energy, which is available in millions of MW. Reliability ...of wind turbine is critical to extract this maximum amount of energy from the wind. We reviewed different techniques, methodologies and algorithms developed to monitor the performance of wind turbine as well as for an early fault detection to keep away the wind turbines from catastrophic conditions due to sudden breakdowns. To keep the wind turbine in operation, implementation of condition monitoring system (CMS) and fault detection system (FDS) is paramount and for this purpose ample knowledge of these two types of systems is mandatory. So, an attempt has been made in this direction to review maximum approaches related to CMS and FDS in this piece of writing.
New drugs introduced to the market every year represent privileged structures for particular biological targets. These new chemical entities (NCEs) provide insight into molecular recognition while ...serving as leads for designing future new drugs. This annual review describes the most likely process-scale synthetic approaches to 29 new chemical entities (NCEs) that were approved for the first time in 2015.
Entry into tertiary education is a critical juncture where adolescents proceed to adulthood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety, and factors associated with such ...symptoms, among university undergraduate students in Hong Kong.
A cross-sectional questionnaire study was employed. A total of 1200 undergraduate students from eight University Grants Committee-funded universities were invited to complete three sets of questionnaires, including the 9-item patient health questionnaire for screening of depressive symptoms, the 7-item generalised anxiety disorder scale for screening of anxiety symptoms, and a socio-demographic questionnaire.
Among the valid responses (n=1119) analysed, 767 (68.5%) respondents indicated mild to severe depressive symptoms, which were associated with mild to severe anxiety symptoms. Several lifestyle and psychosocial variables, including regular exercise, self-confidence, satisfaction with academic performance, and optimism towards the future were inversely related with mild to severe depressive symptoms. A total of 599 (54.4%) respondents indicated mild to severe anxiety symptoms, which were associated with level of academic difficulty. Satisfaction with friendship, sleep quality, and self-confidence were inversely associated with mild to severe anxiety symptoms.
More than 50% of respondents expressed some degree of depressive and anxiety symptoms (68.5% and 54.4%, respectively). Approximately 9% of respondents exhibited moderately severe to severe depressive symptoms; 5.8% exhibited severe anxiety symptoms. Respondents reporting regular exercise, higher self-confidence, and better satisfaction with both friendship and academic performance had fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death in the United States. Increased level of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and CXCR2 on tumours and in the tumour microenvironment has been associated with CRC ...growth, progression and recurrence in patients. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of tissue microenvironment-encoded IL-8 and CXCR2 on colon cancer progression and metastasis.
A novel immunodeficient, skin-specific IL-8-expressing transgenic model was generated to evaluate colon cancer growth and metastasis. Syngeneic mouse colon cancer cells were grafted in CXCR2 knockout (KO) mice to study the contribution of CXCR2 in the microenvironment to cancer growth.
Elevated levels of IL-8 in the serum and tumour microenvironment profoundly enhanced the growth of human and mouse colon cancer cells with increased peri-tumoural angiogenesis, and also promoted the extravasation of the cancer cells into the lung and liver. The tumour growth was inhibited in CXCR2 KO mice with significantly reduced tumour angiogenesis and increased tumour necrosis.
Increased expression of IL-8 in the tumour microenvironment enhanced colon cancer growth and metastasis. Moreover, the absence of its receptor CXCR2 in the tumour microenvironment prevented colon cancer cell growth. Together, our study demonstrates the critical roles of the tumour microenvironment-encoded IL-8/CXCR2 in colon cancer pathogenesis, validating the pathway as an important therapeutic target.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been shown to acquire RAS and EGFR ectodomain mutations as mechanisms of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition (anti-EGFR). After anti-EGFR ...withdrawal, RAS and EGFR mutant clones lack a growth advantage relative to other clones and decay; however, the kinetics of decay remain unclear. We sought to determine the kinetics of acquired RAS/EGFR mutations after discontinuation of anti-EGFR therapy.
We present the post-progression circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiles of 135 patients with RAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic CRC treated with anti-EGFR who acquired RAS and/or EGFR mutations during therapy. Our validation cohort consisted of an external dataset of 73 patients with a ctDNA profile suggestive of prior anti-EGFR exposure and serial sampling. A separate retrospective cohort of 80 patients was used to evaluate overall response rate and progression free survival during re-challenge therapies.
Our analysis showed that RAS and EGFR relative mutant allele frequency decays exponentially (r2=0.93 for RAS; r2=0.94 for EGFR) with a cumulative half-life of 4.4 months. We validated our findings using an external dataset of 73 patients with a ctDNA profile suggestive of prior anti-EGFR exposure and serial sampling, confirming exponential decay with an estimated half-life of 4.3 months. A separate retrospective cohort of 80 patients showed that patients had a higher overall response rate during re-challenge therapies after increasing time intervals, as predicted by our model.
These results provide scientific support for anti-EGFR re-challenge and guide the optimal timing of re-challenge initiation.
The purpose of this study was to compare parameters associated with pork quality, muscle fiber, and eating quality among various breeds, and to examine if differences in eating quality were ...associated to pork quality and muscle fiber characteristics. For carcass and pork quality, although there were significant differences among breeds, the values of parameters in all pigs were assigned a normal quality class, a likely outcome of the similarity in the area percentage of type I and IIB fibers. For eating quality, pork loins from Berkshire pigs were more tender and full of pork flavor than Landrace and Yorkshire pigs. Except juiciness and mouth coating, over 20% of the variability in the eating quality parameters can be explained by pork quality traits and muscle fiber characteristics using multiple regression analysis. Furthermore, differences in muscle pH
24
h
, cooking loss, shear force, and NPPC marbling score could explain a large proportion of variation in eating quality parameters associated with the texture of pork.
► Pork loins from Berkshire pigs show better technological and eating quality compared to other breeds. ► Variations of pork quality can be explained by area percentage of type I and IIB fibers. ► Pork quality traits can explain a large proportion of variation in eating quality of pork.
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