The role of epigenetic regulation in immunity is emerging, especially for RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification. However, little is known about the role of m6A in the regulation of the immune ...microenvironment of periodontitis. Thus, we aim to investigate the impact of m6A modification in periodontitis immune microenvironment. The RNA modification patterns mediated by 23 m6A‐regulators were systematically evaluated in 310 periodontitis samples. The impact of m6A modification on immune microenvironment characteristics was explored, including infiltrating immunocytes, immune reaction gene‐sets and HLAs (human leukocyte antigen) gene. m6A phenotype‐related immune genes were also identified. 17 m6A regulators were dysregulated and a 15‐m6A regulator signature can well distinguish periodontitis and control samples. ALKBH5 and FMR1 are closely related to infiltrating monocyte abundance. ELAVL1 and CBLL1 are significant regulators in immune reaction of TNF_Family_Members_Receptors and Cytokine. The expression of HLA‐B and HLA‐DOA is affected by ALKBH5 and LRPPRC. 3 distinct RNA modification patterns mediated by 23 m6A regulators were identified. They differ from immunocyte abundance, immune reaction and HLA gene. 1631 m6A phenotype‐related genes and 70 m6A‐mediated immune genes were identified, and the biological functions of these were explored. Our finding demonstrated the m6A modification plays a crucial role in the diversity and complexity of the immune microenvironment of periodontitis.
Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD), based on two-photon interference, is immune to all attacks against the detection system and allows a QKD network with untrusted ...relays. Since the MDI-QKD protocol was proposed, fiber-based implementations aimed at longer distance, higher key rates, and network verification have been rapidly developed. However, owing to the effect of atmospheric turbulence, MDI-QKD over a free-space channel remains experimentally challenging. Herein, by developing a robust adaptive optics system, high-precision time synchronization and frequency locking between independent photon sources located far apart, we realized the first free-space MDI-QKD over a 19.2-km urban atmospheric channel, which well exceeds the effective atmospheric thickness. Our experiment takes the first step toward satellite-based MDI-QKD. Moreover, the technology developed herein opens the way to quantum experiments in free space involving long-distance interference of independent single photons.
This paper is devoted to a simple and new proof on the optimal finite control time for general linear coupled hyperbolic system by using boundary feedback on one side. The feedback control law is ...designed by first using a Volterra transformation of the second kind and then using an invertible Fredholm transformation. Both existence and invertibility of the transformations are easily obtained.
Manual intervention in the self‐organization of soft matter to obtain a desired superstructure is a complex but significant project. Specifically, optical components made fully or partially from ...reconfigurable and stimuli‐responsive soft materials, referred to as soft photonics, are poised to form versatile platforms in various areas; however, a limited scale, narrow spectral adaptability, and poor stability are still formidable challenges. Herein, a facile way is developed to program the optical jigsaw puzzle of nematic liquid crystals via pixelated holographic surface reliefs, leading to an era of manufacturing for programmable soft materials with tailored functions. Multiscale jigsaw puzzles are established and endowed with unprecedented stability and durability, further sketching a prospective framework toward customized adaptive photonic architectures. This work demonstrates a reliable and efficient approach for directly assembling soft matter, unlocking the long‐sought full potential of stimuli‐responsive soft systems, and providing opportunities to inspire the next generation of soft photonics and relevant areas.
Multiscale optical jigsaw puzzles with tailored functions are established by programming pixelated holographic surface reliefs. The robust reliefs and stimuli‐responsive liquid crystals (LCs) endow the optical jigsaw puzzles with broad spectral adaptability, unprecedented stability, and reliable durability, which builds up a new way for soft materials in adaptive flat optics.
One coordination polymer Zn2(L)2(bpe)2(H2O)2 (1) (L = 4,4'-((1,2-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(oxy))dibenzoic acid; bpe = (E)-1,2-di(pyridin-4-yl)ethene) was prepared and structurally determined. ...Compound 1 has a chain structure in which its pair of bpe ligands is arranged in a head-to-tail manner with their C=C bonds being close enough for a 2 + 2 cycloaddition reaction. Upon exposure to UV light, compound 1 undergoes a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) 2 + 2 photodimerization to generate one 2D coordination polymer Zn(L)(rctt-tpcb)0.5(H2O) (1a) (rctt (regio cis, trans, trans)-tpcb = tetrakis(4-pyridyl)cyclobutane). The tpcb ligands in the crystals of 1a show an intriguing in situ thermal isomerisation. The nanospheres of 1 can be obtained by recrystallization in DMSO/alcohol. The nanospheres of 1a can also be readily produced from the corresponding nanospheres of 1 by the photocyclodimerization method. Compared with those of 1a, the nanospheres of 1 display highly selective sensing of Fe(3+) ions over mixed metal ions through fluorescence quenching. Moreover, the nanospheres of 1a can rapidly adsorb CR (congo red), MB (methylene blue) or RhB (rhodamine B) over MO (methyl orange) from aqueous solutions. This work offers a new photoinduced post-synthetic method for the synthesis of multifunctional MOFs, which show luminescence sensing of Fe(3+) ions and dye adsorption properties.
The risk of colitis and colorectal cancer increases markedly throughout adult life, endangering the health and lives of elderly individuals. Previous studies have proposed that bacterial ...translocation and infection are the main risk factors for these diseases. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to identify the underlying mechanism by focusing on the mucus barrier function and mucin‐type O‐glycosylation. We evaluated alterations in the colon mucus layer in 2‐, 16‐, and 24‐month‐old mice and aged humans. Aged colons showed defective intestinal mucosal barrier and changed mucus properties. The miR‐124‐3p expression level was significantly increased in the aged distal colonic mucosa, which was accompanied by an increase in pathogens and bacterial translocation. Meanwhile, T‐synthase, the rate‐limiting enzyme in O‐glycosylation, displayed an age‐related decline in protein expression. Further experiments indicated that miR‐124‐3p modulated O‐glycosylation by directly targeting T‐synthase. Moreover, young mice overexpressing miR‐124‐3p exhibited abnormal glycosylation, early‐onset, and more severe colitis. These data suggest that miR‐124‐3p predisposes to senile colitis by reducing T‐synthase, and the miR‐124‐3p/T‐synthase/O‐glycans axis plays an essential role in maintaining the physiochemical properties of colonic mucus and intestinal homeostasis.
Young colons show intact inner layer and mucin‐type O‐glycosylation, limiting microbiota access to the epithelium. Age‐related alteration in miR‐124‐3p/T‐synthase/O‐glycans axis and reduction in mucus thickness weakened the mucus barrier, leading to abnormal bacterial intrusion and increased susceptibility to senile colitis.
Odd-parity error rejection (OPER), in particular the method of actively odd parity pairing (AOPP), can drastically improve the asymptotic key rate of sending-or-not-sending twin-field (SNS-TF) ...quantum key distribution (QKD). However, in practice, the finite-key effects have to be considered for the security. Here, we propose a zigzag approach to verify the phase-flip error of the survived bits after OPER or AOPP. Based on this, we can take all the finite-key effects efficiently in calculating the non-asymptotic key rate. Numerical simulation shows that our approach here produces the highest key rate over all distances among all existing methods, improving the key rate by more than 100% to 3000% in comparison with different prior art methods with typical experimental setting. These verify the advantages of the AOPP method with finite data size. Also, with our zigzag approach here, the non-asymptotic key rate of SNS-TF QKD can by far break the absolute bound of repeater-less key rate with whatever detection efficiency. We can even reach a non-asymptotic key rate more than 40 times of the practical bound and 13 times of the absolute bound with 1012 pulses.
Dynamic electric field frequency actuated helical and spiral structures enable a plethora of attributes for advanced photonics and engineering in the contemporary era. Nevertheless, leveraging the ...frequency responsiveness of adaptive devices and systems within a broad dynamic range and maintaining restrained high-frequency induced heating remain challenging. Herein, we establish a frequency-actuated heliconical soft architecture that is quite distinct from that of common frequency-responsive soft materials. We achieve reversible modulation of the photonic bandgap in a wide spectral range by delicately coupling the frequency-dependent thermal effect, field-induced dielectric torque and elastic equilibrium. Furthermore, an information encoder prototype without the aid of complicated algorithm design is established to analogize an information encoding and decoding process with a more convenient and less costly way. A technique for taming and tailoring the distribution of the pitch length is exploited and embodied in a prototype of a spatially controlled soft photonic cavity and laser emission. This work demonstrates a distinct frequency responsiveness in a heliconical soft system, which may not merely inspire the interest in field-assisted bottom-up molecular engineering of soft matter but also facilitate the practicality of adaptive photonics.
A simple and effective strategy is proposed to activate carbon cloth for the fabrication of flexible and high-performance supercapacitors. Firstly, the carbon cloth surface is exfoliated as ...nanotextures through wet chemical treatment, then an annealing process is applied at H sub(2)/N sub(2) atmosphere to reduce the surface oxygen functional groups which are mainly introduced from the first step. The activated carbon cloth electrode shows excellent wettablity, large surface area and delivers remarkable electrochemical performance. A maximum areal capacitance of 485.64 mF cm super(-2) at the current density of 2 mA cm super(-2) is achieved for the activated carbon cloth electrode, which is considerably larger than the resported results for carbon cloth. Furthermore, the flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor, which is fabricated based on the activated carbon cloth electrodes, shows high areal capacitance, superior cycling stability as well as stable electrochemical performance even under constant bending or twisting conditions. An areal capacitance of 161.28 mF cm super(-2) is achieved at the current density of 12.5 mA cm super(-2), and 104% of its initial capacitance is retained after 30,000 charging/discharging cycles. This study would also provide an effective way to boost devices' electrochemical performance by accommodating other active materials on the activated carbon cloth.
Mesoporous NiO nanosheets were directly grown on three-dimensional (3D) carbon cloth substrate, which can be used as binder-free anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). These mesoporous nanosheets ...were interconnected with each other and forming a network with interval voids, which give rise to large surface area and efficient buffering of the volume change. The integrated hierarchical electrode maintains all the advantageous features of directly building two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures on 3D conductive substrate, such as short diffusion length, strain relaxation and fast electron transport. As the LIB anode, it presents a high reversible capacity of 892.6 mAh g(-1) after 120 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g(-1) and 758.1 mAh g(-1) at a high charging rate of 700 mA g(-1) after 150 cycles. As demonstrated in this work, the hierarchical NiO nanosheets/carbon cloth also shows high flexibility, which can be directly used as the anode to build flexible LIBs. The introduced facile and low-cost method to prepare NiO nanosheets on flexible and conductive carbon cloth substrate is promising for the fabrication of high performance energy storage devices, especially for next-generation wearable electronic devices.
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