Magnetostrictive materials transduce magnetic and mechanical energies and when combined with piezoelectric elements, evoke magnetoelectric transduction for high-sensitivity magnetic field sensors and ...energy-efficient beyond-CMOS technologies. The dearth of ductile, rare-earth-free materials with high magnetostrictive coefficients motivates the discovery of superior materials. Fe
Ga
alloys are amongst the highest performing rare-earth-free magnetostrictive materials; however, magnetostriction becomes sharply suppressed beyond x = 19% due to the formation of a parasitic ordered intermetallic phase. Here, we harness epitaxy to extend the stability of the BCC Fe
Ga
alloy to gallium compositions as high as x = 30% and in so doing dramatically boost the magnetostriction by as much as 10x relative to the bulk and 2x larger than canonical rare-earth based magnetostrictors. A Fe
Ga
- Pb(Mg
Nb
)O
-PbTiO
(PMN-PT) composite magnetoelectric shows robust 90° electrical switching of magnetic anisotropy and a converse magnetoelectric coefficient of 2.0 × 10
s m
. When optimally scaled, this high coefficient implies stable switching at ~80 aJ per bit.
...variables associated with RBC transfusion should be included in IPW, such as disease severity, hemoglobin level necessitating transfusion, reasons for hypo-hemoglobinemia, etc. ...there is a risk ...that the propensity score model for the exposure variable may be biased. According to current transfusion guidelines, RBC transfusions were commonly initiated at a low RBC threshold (7–8 g/dL) 5. ...as a strong transfusion indication and a significant risk for mortality, the lowest hemoglobin level should be balanced in the propensity score model or adjusted in the Cox-regression model (if not, there is a risk that the association between RBC transfusion and mortality may be mediated by the lowest hemoglobin level: lowest hemoglobin leads to RBC transfusion, and lowest hemoglobin leads to high mortality, which generated the relationship between RBC transfusion and mortality). ...in the current study, only hemoglobin at inclusion was included in the Cox-regression model. ...although the AIPW approach was adopted, there is still a relatively high risk of bias due to inadequate confounder selection.
•A novel Zn-MOF with unique structure was synthesized and characterized.•The structure of the MOF consists of pinwheel trinuclear clusters and 3D pillar-layeres.•The synthesized MOF was used as a ...precursor for preparation of ZnO.
A novel metal-organic frameworks (MOF), namely ({Zn3(2,6-NDC)3(dabco)·6DMF·3H2O} (TMU-13) was synthesized by the reaction of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (2,6-NDC) as the O-donor ligand, 1,4-diazabicyclo 2.2.2 octane (dabco) as the N-donor ligand and Zn(II) nitrate hexahydrate. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed that TMU-13 exhibited a 3D pillar-layered structure based on pinwheel trinuclear zinc-carboxylate clusters as secondary building unit (SBU) with bcu topology and pore window of 12.7 Å × 5.6 Å. Calcination of the compounds TMU-13 at 500 °C under air atmosphere yield ZnO compound.
•Ab initio calculation of the surface relaxation of metals.•Surface energy and surface stress of transition metals.•Surface energy and surface stress of simple metals and light actinides.
We ...investigated surface properties of metals by performing first-principles calculations. A systematic database was established for the surface relaxation, surface energy (γ), and surface stress (τ) for metallic elements in the periodic table. The surfaces were modeled by multi-layered slab structures along the direction of low-index surfaces. The surface energy γ of simple metals decreases as the atomic number increases in a given group, while the surface stress τ has its minimum in the middle. The transition metal series show parabolic trends for both γ and τ with a dip in the middle. The dip occurs at half-band filling due to a long-range Friedel oscillation of the surface charge density, which induces a strong stability to the Peierls-like transition. In addition, due to magnetic effects, the dips in the 3d metal series are shallower and deeper for γ and τ, respectively, than those of the 4d and 5d metals. The surface stress of the transition metals is typically positive, only Cr and Mn have a negative τ for the (100) surface facet, indicating that they are under compression. The light actinides have an increasing γ trend according to the atomic number. The present work provides a useful and consistent database for the theoretical modelling of surface phenomena.
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•GEISA-2015 database release: 5,059,777 entries in the line parameters sub-database.•22 molecules updated and 1 new molecule added (SO3).•HDO is given a specific identification ...code.•Important update of the IR cross-sections and aerosols sub-databases.•GEISA line parameter database reference for current or planned TIR SWIR space missions.
The GEISA database (Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmosphériques: Management and Study of Atmospheric Spectroscopic Information) has been developed and maintained by the ARA/ABC(t) group at LMD since 1974. GEISA is constantly evolving, taking into account the best available spectroscopic data. This paper presents the 2015 release of GEISA (GEISA-2015), which updates the last edition of 2011 and celebrates the 40th anniversary of the database. Significant updates and additions have been implemented in the three following independent databases of GEISA.
The “line parameters database” contains 52 molecular species (118 isotopologues) and transitions in the spectral range from 10−6 to 35,877.031cm−1, representing 5,067,351 entries, against 3,794,297 in GEISA-2011. Among the previously existing molecules, 20 molecular species have been updated. A new molecule (SO3) has been added. HDO, isotopologue of H2O, is now identified as an independent molecular species. Seven new isotopologues have been added to the GEISA-2015 database.
The “cross section sub-database” has been enriched by the addition of 43 new molecular species in its infrared part, 4 molecules (ethane, propane, acetone, acetonitrile) are also updated; they represent 3% of the update. A new section is added, in the near-infrared spectral region, involving 7 molecular species: CH3CN, CH3I, CH3O2, H2CO, HO2, HONO, NH3.
The “microphysical and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols sub-database” has been updated for the first time since 2003. It contains more than 40 species originating from NCAR and 20 from the ARIA archive of Oxford University.
As for the previous versions, this new release of GEISA and associated management software facilities are implemented and freely accessible on the AERIS/ESPRI atmospheric chemistry data center website.
Recent works in metamaterials and transformation optics have demonstrated exotic properties in a number of open systems, including perfect absorption/transmission, electromagnetically induced ...transparency, cloaking or invisibility, etc. Meanwhile, non-Hermitian physics framework has been developed to describe the properties of open systems, however, most works related to this focus on the eigenstate properties with less attention paid to the reflection characteristics in complex frequency plane, despite the usefulness of zero-reflection (ZR) for applications. Here we demonstrate that the indirectly coupled two-magnon system not only exhibits non-Hermitian eigenmode hybridization, but also ZR states in complex frequency plane. The observed perfect-ZR (PZR) state, i.e., ZR with pure real frequency, is manifested as infinitely narrow reflection dips (~67 dB) with infinite group delay discontinuity. This reflection singularity of PZR distinguishes from the resonant eigenstates but can be adjusted on or off resonance with the eigenstates. Accordingly, the absorption and transmission can be flexibly tuned from nearly full absorption (NFA) to nearly full transmission (NFT) regions.
Precision spectroscopy of the hydrogen molecule is a test ground of quantum electrodynamics (QED), and it may serve for the determination of fundamental constants. Using a comb-locked cavity ...ring-down spectrometer, for the first time, we observed the Lamb-dip spectrum of the R(1) line in the overtone of hydrogen deuteride (HD). The line position was determined to be 217 105 182.79±0.03_{stat}±0.08_{syst} MHz (δν/ν=4×10^{-10}), which is the most accurate rovibrational transition ever measured in the ground electronic state of molecular hydrogen. Moreover, from calculations including QED effects up to the order m_{e}α^{6}, we obtained predictions for this R(1) line as well as for the HD dissociation energy, which are less accurate but signaling the importance of the complete treatment of nonadiabatic effects. Provided that the theoretical calculation reaches the same accuracy, the present measurement will lead to a determination of the proton-to-electron mass ratio with a precision of 1.3 parts per billion.
Inflammation can act as a crucial mediator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we show that oncostatin M (OSM) is expressed in an autocrine/paracrine fashion in invasive ...breast carcinoma. OSM stimulation promotes spontaneous lung metastasis of MCF-7 xenografts in nude mice. A conspicuous epigenetic transition was induced by OSM stimulation not only in breast cancer cell lines but also in MCF-7 xenografts in nude mice. The expression of miR-200 and let-7 family members in response to OSM stimulation was downregulated in a signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (Stat3)-dependent manner, resulting in comprehensive alterations of the transcription factors and oncoproteins targeted by these microRNAs. Inhibition of Stat3 activation or the ectopic expression of let-7 and miR-200 effectively reversed the mesenchymal phenotype of breast cancer cells. Stat3 promotes the transcription of Lin-28 by directly binding to the Lin-28 promoter, resulting in the repression of let-7 expression and concomitant upregulation of the let-7 target, high-mobility group A protein 2 (HMGA2). Knock down of HMGA2 significantly impairs OSM-driven EMT. Our data indicate that downregulation of let-7 and miR-200 levels initiates and maintains OSM-induced EMT phenotypes, and HMGA2 acts as a master switch of OSM-induced EMT. These findings highlight the importance of Stat3-coordinated Lin-28B-let-7-HMGA2 and miR-200-ZEB1 circuits in the cytokine-mediated phenotypic reprogramming of breast cancer cells.
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