A novel rice lesion mimic mutant (LMM) was isolated from an ethane methyl sulfonate (EMS)-induced 02428 mutant bank. The mutant, tentatively designated as lmm6, develops necrotic lesions in the whole ...growth period along with changes in several important agronomic traits. We found that the initiation of the lesions was induced by light and cell death occurred in lmm6 accompanied with accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The lower chlorophyll content, soluble protein content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected in lmm6 than in the wild type (WT). Moreover, the observation by transmission electronic microscope (TEM) demonstrated that some organelles were damaged and the stroma lamella of chloroplast was irregular and loose in mesophyll cell of lmm6. In addition, lmm6 was more resistant than WT to rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea infection, which was consistent with increased expression of four genes involved in the defense-related reaction. Genetic analysis showed that mutant trait of lmm6 is inherited as a monogenic recessive nuclear gene located on the long arm of chromosome 6. Using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, the target gene was finally delimited to an interval of 80.8 kb between markers MM2359 and MM2370, containing 7 annotated genes. Taken together, our results provide the information to identify a new gene involved in rice lesion mimic, which will be helpful in clarifying the mechanism of cell death and disease resistance in rice.
Cytotoxicity of Aft with redox active metals in neuronal cells has been implicated in the progression of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Zn7MT-3 protects cell against AβCu2＋ toxicity. The roles of single ...domain proteins （α/β） and α-β domain-domain interaction of ZnTMT-3 in its anti-Aβ1-42-Cu2＋ toxicity activity were investigated herein. Aβ1-42 and four mutants of human MT3 （α/β domain, β（MT3）--α（MT1） and △31-34） were prepared and characterized. Aβ1-42-Cu2＋ induced hydroxyl radical and ROS production with/without Zn-MTs were measured by fluorescence spectroscopy and DCFH-DA in living cells, respectively. These results indicate that the two domains form a co-operative unit and each of them is indispensable in conducting its bioactivity.
The isolates of Phytophthora infestans on tomato in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, were determined for the sensitivities to metalaxyl, cymoxanil and dimethomorph to give the basic ...information for integrating disease management. Sensitivities were tested by measuring the radial growth on agar medium amended with fungicide, compared with the floating-leaf-disk method. 239 isolates were collected from eight tomato growing areas during 2000-2006. The testing results indicated that the frequencies of sensitive, intermediate, and resistant isolates to metalaxyl were 42.26, 35.98, and 23.53%, respectively. Variations in sensitivities amongst isolates from different areas or different years were very high for metalaxyl. All isolates from Tianlin and Wuxuan were sensitive to metalaxyl, but the metalaxyl-resistant isolates predominated in Tianyang, with the frequency of 51.35%. The EC50 values of certain isolates from Tianyang were higher than 500 μg·mL^-1 and their resistance levels were over 100 000 folds. Cymoxanil has been used for nearly 10 years in Guangxi, and dimethomorph has been used for 5-6 years. However, there was no decrease in sensitivity of P. infestans populations and the sensitivities of the pathogen were nearly normally distributed. Hence, their mean ECs0 value cymoxanil （0.1647 ±0.0255） μg·mL^-1, dimethomorph （0.0970 ± 0.0052） μg·mL^-1 could be used as the baseline sensitivities for monitoring the field resistance development. The comparison with the floating-leaf-disk method indicates that both the techniques provided equivalent results. These studies suggested that metalaxyl can be continuously applied in Tianlin, Wuxuan, and Nanning due to the resistant isolates that have not been found, while for those areas with resistant isolate, the use of metalaxyl should be reduced or alternated, and cymoxanil or dimethomorph was recommended for controlling late blight disease of tomato.
Background It is still unclear whether pulmonary function tests （PFTs） are sufficient for predicting perioperative risk,and whether all patients or only a subset of them need a cardiopulmonary ...exercise test （CPET） for further assessment.Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the CPET and compare the results of CPET and conventional PFTs to identify which parameters are more reliable and valuable in predicting perioperative risks for high risk patients with lung cancer.Methods From January 2005 to August 2008, 297 consecutive lung cancer patients underwent conventional PFTs （spirometry ＋ single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity of the lungs （DLCOsb） for diffusion capacity） and CPET preoperatively. The correlation of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications with the parameters of PFT and CPET was retrospectively analyzed using the chi-square test, independent sample t test and binary Logistic regression analysis.Results Of the 297 patients, 78 did not receive operation due to advanced disease stage or poor cardiopulmonary function. The remaining 219 underwent different modes of operations. Twenty-one cases were excluded from this study due to exploration alone （15 cases） and operation-related complications （6 cases）. Thus, 198 cases were eligible for evaluation. Fifty of the 198 patients （25.2%） had postoperative cardiopulmonary complications. Three patients （1.5%）died of complications within 30 postoperative days. The patients were stratified into groups based on VO2max/pred respectively. The rate of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications was significantly higher in the group with cardiopulmonary complications were significantly correlated with age, comorbidities, and poor PFT and CPET results.used to stratify the patients＇ cardiopulmonary function status and to predict the risk of postoperative cardiopulmonary predicting perioperative risk. If available, cardiopulmonary exercise testing is strongly suggested for high-risk lung cancer patients in addition to conventional pulmonary function tests, and both should be combined to assess cardiopulmonary function status.
碩士
義守大學
管理碩博士班
105
The main purposes of this study were to understand the perceptions and differences of Hakka ethnic between Hakka cultural identity and purchase intention for Hakka cultural and ...creative products, and to examine the influence effects of Hakka cultural identity toward purchase intention for Hakka cultural and creative products. Questionnaire survey method by purposive sampling was used to collect data in this study. 347 valid samples were collected and valid rate was 91.80% from the Hakka ethnic in Kaohsiung and Pingtung areas. The statistical methods including item analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis by using SPSS 22.0 version were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The findings of this study were showed as below.
1.The perceptions of Hakka ethnic on Hakka cultural identity (M=3.83) and purchase intention for Hakka cultural and creative products (M=3.78) was at high level.
2.Gender, ed
碩士
高雄醫學大學
口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班
98
Background
The major object of oral care, a part of holistic care, is to maintain oral hygiene, prevent wound infection and offer comfort environment for patients. Oral ...care is a primary care to provide oral hygiene to patients and mainly practiced by nurses in the wards, their knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and practice toward oral hygiene care is very important to the ward patients with systemic diseases.
Purpose
Objectives
The object of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, oral care practice and self-efficacy factors of clinical nurses to oral hygiene of ward patients.
Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study. A structuralized questionnaire concerning about the knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and practice of oral hygiene care to ward patients with systemic diseases were sent to a total number of 2000 nurses who are serving in the 42 hospitals of southern Taiwan which included two of five medical centers, five of fourteen regional hospitals, and nine of 23 dis
博士
國立政治大學
教育學系
89
The Relation of Perception in Work Environment and Work Value
to the Job Satisfaction and Teaching Performance -
With Respect to Teachers in Polytechnic Colleges
Kuei-Hsiang Huang
...Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to investigate the relation of the perception in work environment and work value to the job satisfaction and teaching performance, with respect to the teachers in polytechnic colleges. The author examines the influences towards the above factors in various teachers''' population. The methodology in statistics analysis adopted by this research includes: descriptive statistics, Hotelling'''s T2, MANOVA, ANOVA, LISREL, and stepwise multiple regression. Total number of valid samples (teachers in polytechnic colleges) is 358 and the return rate of questionnaire is 59.67%.
The significant findings of this research can be briefly summarized as below:
1. Perception of teachers in work environment is found in the medium level.
2. Priority of teachers''' work value is ranked in o
博士
國立陽明大學
生理學研究所
102
Abstract
Chewing betel quid is a recreation for many individuals in Taiwan. Arecoline (ARC; 1,2,5,6-tetrahydrol-1-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid methyl ester) is an alkaloid ...extracted from betel nut (Areca catechu L.). BQ chewing is one of the major risk factor of epatocarcinoma, oropharyngeal, and esophagus cancers in Taiwan, India, and Southeast Asian countries. Recently, keratinocyte inflammation has been shown to be crucial for tissue fibrosis and chemical carcinogenesis . Various inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), interleukin-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α) are associated to these pathogenic processes . Four major alkaloids are found in betel nut: arecoline, arecaidine, guvacoline and guvacine. Arecoline is the most important alkaloid in areca nut. Epidemiological studies showed a strong correlation between oral cancer and betel nut-chewing habit. Arecoline and/or its alkaloids have been shown to be characterized by carcinogenicity, immu
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