Antifungal activity of new copper(II) complexes of 2-methylthionicotinate (2-MeSNic) of the composition Cu(2-MeSNic)2*4H2O (where MeNia is N-methylnicotinamide), and Cu(2-MeSNic)2(Nia)2*2H2O (where ...Nia is nicotinamide) and Cu(2-MeSNic)2L2 (where L is isonicotinamide), INia, or ethyl nicotinate, EtNic) were tested on various strains of filamentous fungi by the macrodilution method. The most sensitive against copper(II) adducts with bioactive ligands were Rhizopus oryzae and Microsporum gypseum (IC50 1.5-2.3 mmol/L). The adducts with Nia, MeNia and EtNic at 5 mmol/L induced morphological changes in growing hyphae of Botrytis cinerea, mainly their intensive branching attached to release of cytoplasm with partial growth inhibition. Inhibition of sporulation (90 %) of Alternaria alternata by Cu(2-MeSNic)2*H2O was observed as a change in the color of the colonies. The highest resistance was marked by B. cinerea and Fusarium moniliforme (average IC50 values were 4.25 and 3.13 mmol/L, respectively). The presence of all bioactive ligands in copper(II) complexes caused an increase in the inhibition effect against model fungi.
Eight 4-quinazolylthiosemicarbazides and nine of their structural analogues have been tested for antibacterial effects and for structure activity relationships. ...9-Chloro-5-morpholino-1,2,4-triazolo4,3-cquinazoline-3-thione has demonstrated the highest antibacterial effect (MIC of 1 mg/L for E. coli and P. mirabilis and < 1 mg/L for S. aureus and B. subtilis). The most effective derivatives have the carbon aromatic ring substituted with chlorine and the pyrimidine ring with morpholine or with secondary amine group.
Fourteen synthetically prepared 1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)acetanilides were tested for antimicrobial effect. None of the prepared derivatives influenced the B. subtilis, P. fluorescens nor the tested ...yeasts. Only the derivatives with substituents in positions para or ortho and para were biologically effective. The widest antimicrobial spectrum was manifested by the pentachloro derivative, which was effective with G+ and G- bacteria and with filamentous fungi.
The rate of the super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake by the submergedTrichoderma viride mycelium increased with the age of the culture from 6 h until a maximum which was reached at about 30 h, and then ...decreased until the uptake was virtually zero. The decrease in the rate of the super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake was accompanied by an increase of mycelial mass. The uptake rate could not be reactivated upon substituting the medium for a fresh one, without or with dilution of the mycelium. The results suggest that the rate of super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake reflects the biological age of the submerged culture. The surface-cultivated mycelium took up super(45)Ca super(2+) proportionally with time. The autoradiography of colonies showed that super(45)Ca super(2+) was distributed homogeneously throughout the mycelium during vegetative growth while conidiation was accompanied by a massive accumulation of super(45)Ca super(2+) in conidia.
The rate of the super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake by the submerged Trichoderma viride mycelium increased with the age of the culture from 6 h until a maximum which was reached at about 30 h, and then ...decreased until the uptake was virtually zero. The decrease in the rate of the super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake was accompanied by an increase of mycelial mass. The uptake rate could not be reactivated upon substituting the medium for a fresh one, without or with dilution of the mycelium. The results suggest that the rate of super(45)Ca super(2+) uptake reflects the biological age of the submerged culture. The surface-cultivated mycelium took up super(45)Ca super(2+) proportionally with time. The autoradiography of colonies showed that super(45)Ca super(2+) was distributed homogeneously throughout the mycelium during vegetative growth while conidiation was accompanied by a massive accumulation of super(45)Ca super(2+) in conidia.
The rate of the45Ca2+ uptake by the submergedTrichoderma viride mycelium increased with the age of the culture from 6 h until a maximum which was reached at about 30 h, and then decreased until the ...uptake was virtually zero. The decrease in the rate of the45Ca2+ uptake was accompanied by an increase of mycelial mass. The uptake rate could not be reactivated upon substituting the medium for a fresh one, without or with dilution of the mycelium. The results suggest that the rate of45Ca2+ uptake reflects the biological age of the submerged culture. The surface-cultivated mycelium took up45Ca2+ proportionally with time. The autoradiography of colonies showed that45Ca2+ was distributed homogeneously throughout the mycelium during vegetative growth while conidiation was accompanied by a massive accumulation of45Ca2+ in conidia.
The occurrence of the polysaccharide pullulan is described in a selected group of 31 Aureobasidium pullulans strains. During growth of organisms of this genus and species in the cultivation medium, ...the increase in biomass production was investigated with reference to pullulan production. The accompanying proteins and the optimal producers of this polysaccaride by Aureobasidium pullulans strains (CCY 27-1-37, CCY 27-1-22, CCY 27-1-26 and CCY 27-1-14) were also determined. Attempts were made to identify the structure of pullulan by paper chromatography as well as by enzymatic methods. The structure of pullulan was determined by NMR, and its molecular weight was also measured
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