Through data on thousands of people, and hundreds of memoirs and autobiographies, Appleby tells intersecting stories of how Americans born between 1776 and 1830 reinvented themselves and their ...society. Here are the lives, callings, desires, and reflections of Americans who turned democracy, the nation, and free enterprise into contested realities.
To determine the reproductive outcome of women who received a microsurgical tubal anastomosis operation at age 40 years or older.
Multicenter retrospective cohort study.
Four university teaching ...hospitals.
Fifty-two women having undergone tubal sterilization reversal at age ≥40 years.
Pregnancy and live birth rate.
Of the 52 women, 10 were lost to follow-up. Of those traced, 18 of 42 (42.8%) conceived. Of those 18, 6 patients had a live birth, 10 patients had a first trimester spontaneous abortion, 1 patient had an ectopic pregnancy, and 1 patient had an elective termination. Overall, the live birth rate was 14.3%, spontaneous abortion rate was 23.8%, and ectopic pregnancy rate was 2.4%.
Microsurgical tubal anastomosis is a justifiable alternative to IVF-ET in women age 40 years or older.
Introduction of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene into cells derived from human tumor tissue provides a means for generating a specific tumor vaccine. Such a vaccine could be produced by either ...transducing tumor-derived stromal cells with the IL-4 vector and coinjecting tumor cells, or by transducing the tumor cells themselves. We have developed a protocol for culturing cells from non-small cell lung tumors and routinely produce tumor cultures from 25% of tumors, and stromal cultures from > 80% of specimens. Several of these cultures were transduced with the incompetent retroviral vector G1NaSvi4.25, which encodes the human IL-4 cDNA and the G418-resistance gene. Infection of cells by viral titers of 2-5 x 10(4) plaque-forming units/ml, and a multiplicity of infection of 0.1:1 to 1:1 yielded transfer efficiencies of 3.3-32.0 transfectants per 10(4) cells in six of eight attempts. Following selection with the neomycin analog G418, IL-4-producing cells were isolated. IL-4 titers ranged from 142 to 593 U/ml/10(6) in a 24-h collection. Successful transfer of the IL-4 gene was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA derived from reverse-transcribed total RNA, by immunohistochemistry, and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The IL-4-producing cells were shown to stimulate the proliferation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes in one individual by 7.5-fold over control and by 4.1-fold over non-IL-4 producing tumor cells.
Bilophila wadsworthia, an under-appreciated anaerobic organism, was originally described in 1989. Ninety-nine Bilophila wadsworthia isolates, recovered form environmental and clinical specimens in ...Germany and in Southern California, were examined in this study. Many isolates were recovered in mixed culture with facultative aerobic and other anaerobic bacteria. All isolates were identified by standard laboratory procedures, including gas–liquid chromatography (GLC). A PCR fingerprint assay was established to compare the profiles of clinical and environmental isolates to the type strain (ATCC 49260) and to an environmental (sewage) reference strain (DSM 11045, RZATAU) for intra-species differences. Two primers, one universal primer, M13 core, and one tDNA primer, T3B, were used individually to analyse the strains. Homogeneous PCR fingerprint profiles were found for the majority of strains using the M13 core primer; two PCR groups were determined with T3B, one matching the type strain and one matching the environmental reference strain (DSM 11045, RZATAU). Two urease negative strains, WAL 11470 (blood isolate from California) and TÜB 754 (intra-abdominal isolate from Germany) formed unique PCR fingerprint profiles with each of these primers. These results were confirmed by PCR fingerprinting using the T3A primer. These latter results suggest a possible genetic diversity in B. wadsworthia.
The previous two volumes of this acclaimed anthology set forth a globally decentered revision of twentieth-century poetry from the perspective of its many avant-gardes. Now editors Jerome Rothenberg ...and Jeffrey C. Robinson bring a radically new interpretation to the poetry of the preceding century, viewing the work of the romantic and post-romantic poets as an international, collective, often utopian enterprise that became the foundation of experimental modernism. Global in its range, volume three gathers selections from the poetry and manifestos of canonical poets, as well as the work of lesser-known but equally radical poets. Defining romanticism as experimental and visionary, Rothenberg and Robinson feature prose poetry, verbal-visual experiments, and sound poetry, along with more familiar forms seen here as if for the first time. The anthology also explores romanticism outside the European orbit and includes ethnopoetic and archaeological works outside the literary mainstream. The range of volume three and its skewing of the traditional canon illuminate the process by which romantics and post- romantics challenged nineteenth-century orthodoxies and propelled poetry to the experiments of a later modernism and avant-gardism.
Library OS (LibOS) architectures implement the OS personality as a user-mode library, giving each application the flexibility to choose its LibOS. This approach is appealing for many reasons, not ...least the ability to extend or customise the LibOS. Recent work with Drawbridge 29 showed that an existing commodity OS (Windows 7) could be refactored to produce a LibOS while retaining application compatibility.
This paper presents Bascule, an architecture for LibOS extensions based on Drawbridge. Rather than relying on the application developer to customise a LibOS, Bascule allows OS-independent extensions to be attached at runtime. Extensions interpose on a narrow binary interface of primitive OS abstractions, such as files and virtual memory. Thus, they are independent of both guest and host OS, and composable at runtime. Since an extension runs in the same process as an application and its LibOS, it is safe and efficient.
Bascule demonstrates extension reuse across diverse guest LibOSes (Windows and Linux) and host OSes (Windows and Barrelfish). Current extensions include file system translation, checkpointing, and architecture adaptation.
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