We have described in this paper the impact of closing elements of the shelter over the dairy cattle. After an analysis of animal waist, it is verify the way in which the stand, the limitation bars ...and the distance between the bars influence the behavior, as a welfare index. Next, the floor impact over the expression mode of the sudden movement and also over the heat manifestation was analyzed.
An analyze of the teats of cows from four farms with milking parlor was carried out to see the environment impact on mastitis The major causes of the mastitis were the low preoccupation for the ...maintenance of the normal function of the milking machine, the lack to keep the waiting time in a standing position, after the milking, the lack of instruction of the milking personnel.
The study was carried out on 8 mixt-breed dogs, ages 1-8 years old, which we took blood samples from in order to determine the serotonin content at four different moments. The first moment of blood ...sampling was registered as moment zero (M0), five minutes after fitting the cannula. At moment 1 (M1), samples were collected, then the dog experienced a state of well-being, either because the owner played with it, or because it was offered its favorite treat. Moment 2 (M2) was the moment when the dog experienced a state of anxiety becoming irritable and even aggressive, depending on its temper. At the last moment (M3), the dog was left to calm down and then a blood sample was collected. After analyzing the results obtained, it can be said that there was a positive correlation between the dog's posture and changes in serotonin values, depending on the individual's involvement.
The reproductive cycle of Dermacentor reticulatus (Ixodidae) is described in this paper. Experimental infestation was carried out on immobilized (fixed) RAP mice and those that could move freely. ...Dermacentor reticulatus (D. pictus) larvae, nymphs and adults were obtained from eggs placed in glass test tubes in two variants: dry medium (T? = 28-30?C, R.H. = 49-51%) and wet medium (T? = 28-31?C, R.H. = 94-95%). In the mice that were experimentally infested with the eggs incubated in wet medium, there were more fixed larvae that came off after sucking (8-786 larvae) compared with 0-7 larvae that were observed in the mice that could move freely. At the same time, more larvae were attached to the immobilized mice (2-786) compared with the number of larvae observed in the mice that could move freely (0-11). Infestation was not registered in the experimental animals that could move freely when the larvae were incubated in the dry medium. Experimental infestation with Dermacentor reticulatus failed in the RAP mice. The infested mice tolerated as much as 786 Dermacentor reticulatus larvae, but they died when 12-30 nymphs were fed on them.
U radu je opisan uticaj vlaznosti na reproduktivni ciklus Dermacentor retikulatus (ixodidae). Eksperimentalna infestacija je sprovedena na R. A. R. misevima imobilisanim (fiksirani) i koji su se mogli slobodno kretati po kavezu. Larva Dermacentor reticulatus (D. pictus), caure i odrasle su dobijene od jaja koja se postavljaju u staklene epruvete u dve razlicite sredine: u suvi medijum (T? = 28-30?C, R. H. = 49-51%) i u vlazni medijum (T? = 28-31?C; R. H. = 94-96%). Kod miseva koji su eksperimentalno zarazeni jajima inkubiranim u vlaznom medijumu evidentirano je vise larvi koje su bile fiksirane, koje su se nakon sisanja odlepile (8-786 larvi), u poredjenju sa 0-7 larvi koje su evidentirane kada su jaja inkubirana u svim uslovima. Istovremeno vise larvi registrovano je na imobilisanim misevima (2-786 larvi) u poredjenju sa brojem larvi koje su evidentirane kod miseva koji su imali slobodu kretanja (0-11 larvi). Infestacija nije zabelezena kod slobodno drzanih eksperimentalnih zivotinja kada su larve inkubirane u suvom medijumu. Infestacija larvama uspela je samo kod imobilizovanih miseva, gotovo u jednakom odnosu, bez obzira na medijum, suvi ili vlazni. Eksperimentalna infestacija Dermacentor reticulatus sa odraslim larvama nije registrovana kod R. A. P. Miseva. Zarazeni misevi su prezivljavali infestaciju i do 786 larvi Dermacentor reticulatus, medjutim misevi zarazeni sa 12-30 nimfi su uginuli.
The oil content of an artificial polluted soil was estimated at differenttime period of a biodegradation process by means of thermogravimetry undernon-isothermal conditions and in oxidative ...atmosphere. The model pollutantwas hexadecane and for biodegradation a Pseudomonasaeruginosa culture was used. The intensity of the biodegradationprocess was correlated with the number of Colony Formation Units. In thisstudy Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used,because these species are not pathogenic and easy to maintain in time andis resistant to hexadecane.
A formal Biosecurity Plan to protect bird health is required by the Egg Industry as part of an overall Quality Assurance Programme that also covers bird welfare, food safety and egg labelling, and to ...assist with the prevention of emergency diseases such as virulent Newcastle disease. The Agricultural Resource Management Council and requested that the Quality Assurance Programme be based in Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles and that it include provision for third party auditing. Some current industry structures and practices may require modification in the most cost-effective way because they may jeopardise biosecurity and bird health, following the application of this Code.
The reproductive cycle of Dermacentor reticulatus (Ixodidae) is described in this paper. Experimental infestation was carried out on immobilized (fixed) RAP mice and those that could move freely. ...Dermacentor reticulatus (D. pictus) larvae, nymphs and adults were obtained from eggs placed in glass test tubes in two variants: dry medium (To = 28-30 deg C, R.H. = 49-51%) and wet medium (To = 28-31 deg C, R.H. = 94-95%). In the mice that were experimentally infested with the eggs incubated in wet medium, these were more fixed larvae that came off after sucking (8-786 larvae) compared with 0-7 larvae that were observed in the mice that could move freely. At the same time, more larvae were attached to the immobilized mice (2-786) compared with the number of larvae observed in the mice that could move freely (0-11). Infestation was not registered in the experimental animals that could move freely when the larvae were incubated in the dry medium. Experimental infestation with Dermacentor reticulatus failed in the RAP mice. The infested mice tolerated as much as 786 Dermacentor reticulatus larvae, but they died when 12-30 nymphs were fed on them.
This paper presents the results obtained after an alternative treatment (aerobic and anaerobic) of the animal slurry. We discussed only about the problems related to the effects of denitrification ...and dephosphatation on coliform bacteria. We noticed a good decontamination of the slurry using alternatively the two procedures. To determine the decontamination degree we used the classical multiple tubes method. The same samples were examined through the field microbiological test (FMT) adding Kovacs reagent. There is a concordance between the coliform bacteria determined through the classical method and the number determined through FMT to which the Kovacs reagent adding increases the sensitivity degree.
This paper presents the results obtained after an alternative treatment (aerobic and anaerobic) of the animal slurry. We discussed only about the problems related to the effects of denitrification ...and dephosphatation on coliform bacteria. We noticed a good decontamination of the slurry using alternatively the two procedures. To determine the decontamination degree we used the classical multiple tubes method. The same samples were examined through the field microbiological test (FMT) adding Kovacs reagent. There is a concordance between the coliform bacteria determined through the classical method and the number determined through FMT to which the Kovacs reagent adding increases the sensitivity degree.
Ammonia reduction from the broiler chickens houses Tibru, I; Timoceanu, C; Colibar, O. (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara (Romania))
Nauka u zivinarstvu (Yugoslavia),
(Dec 1998), Letnik:
3, Številka:
3-4
Journal Article
The effects of deep litter treatment with Elorisan Odor Less T were studied. Two chicken houses with identical surfaces, the same number of chickens (7500) and similar growing conditions were used. ...Elorisan Odor Less T was administrated 100 g/cubic meter litter at 14 days interval. Mortality rate, average gain and carcass aspect were determined. Elorisan Odor Less T applied in dose of 100 g/cubic meter litter reduces the concentration of ammonia from the air. By reducing the concentration of ammonia from the air respired by broiler chickens the weight gain at slaughter was increased.
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