This study is of significant importance as it sheds light on the unique concept of harmony in the culture of Rote Island, Indonesia, and its potential for global application. The study, conducted ...between April and November 2021, revealed that Rote Island’s harmony concept offers notable advantages, such as cultural genuineness, durability, inclusiveness, and environmental consciousness. These findings are crucial for promoting global harmony while preserving local identities. The study’s framework, based on indigenous wisdom, provides essential insights for fostering unity on a larger scale, and the articulated policies emphasize the need for additional research and efforts to enhance understanding and practical implementation of this concept across diverse cultural settings. This research was conducted using a qualitative methodology between April and November 2021. The study employed interviews, observations, and documentation analysis to gain profound insights into the harmony concept of Rote Island. The study proposes that Rote Island’s notion of harmony can serve as a beneficial paradigm for promoting global harmony while preserving local identities. It emphasizes the need for additional research and efforts to enhance understanding and practical implementation of this concept across diverse cultural settings. The revised abstract incorporates the requested changes, including the importance of the work, key results, study time, framework, methods, and central policies.
It is estimated that more than 4% of the causes of inpatient deaths in 2017 were due to diarrheal diseases. The current study is aimed to provide pooled prevalence of microorganisms causing diarrhea ...among Sudanese as well as determine any socio-cultural risk factors associated. A systematic review of the literature was conducted and regulated in accordance to PRISMA. After abstract and full text screening Twenty-one research articles were recruited to the study. Among witch eighteen research articles determined prevalence of causative microorganisms of Diarrhea; eight research articles determining prevalence of causative microorganisms of Diarrhea were conducted in Khartoum State, five in Gezira State, two in White Nile State, one in Kordofan State while two studies were conducted in several States. Moreover, majority of studies were concerned of prevalence among children while two studies were toward general population as well as mothers of children. The pooled prevalence of viral diarrhea in less than five years old children was 22.90% 15.37, 30.43 among more than 14 thousands' participants, the pooled prevalence of parasitic diarrhea was 31.40% 19.53, 43.27 among participants from different age groups while the pooled prevalence of bacterial diarrhea was 36.20% 14.00, 58.40. No associated risk factors were able to be synthesized from included studies.
•The researchers are oriented towards the field of mobile learning in recent years.•The most effective countries in mobile learning are Taiwan, USA, China, and England.•G.J. Hwang, C.K. Looi, Y.M. ...Huang, L.H. Wong, and P. Seow are influential researchers.•AR, higher education and smartphone researches are the most effective researches.•The leading journals focusing on language learning, higher education and blended learning.
This study aims to reveal the tendency towards research in the field of mobile learning with the analysis of co-authorship, bibliographic coupling, co-occurrence, and citation by taking into consideration of author, publication, keyword, journal, country, university and citation variables. As of September 2019, the meta-data of a total of 5167 studies in the Web of Science database constituted the scope of this study. VOSviewer and sciMAT were used for the bibliometric analysis while Harzing’s Publish and Perish software was used for the h-index. As a result of the bibliometric analysis, it was concluded that the most effective countries in mobile learning are Taiwan, USA, China, and England. According to the keyword co-occurrence analysis, mobile devices, higher education, mobile technologies, tablet, and smartphone keywords stand out in the field of mobile learning. Within the period of 2015–2019, trending topics were broadly educational technologies and, more specifically, tablets, mobile phones, MOOCs and learning strategies. It was found that G. J. Hwang is the most influential researcher and National Taiwan University of Science and Technology is the most influential university. It can be concluded that the most effective researches are augmented reality, higher education, and smartphone oriented mobile learning researches. According to the analyses conducted in the context of journals, Computers & Education, British Journal of Educational Technology and Educational Technology & Society were the most contributing journals.
Variable frequency drives (VFDs) can provide reliable dynamic systems and significant savings in energy usage and costs of the induction motors (IMs). Sensorless controlled IM drives have advantages ...in terms of efficiency enhancement and energy savings for critical applications such as electric vehicles, high performance machine tools, fans, compressors, etc. IM drives without having speed sensors or optical encoders mounted at the motor shaft are attractive because of their lower cost and higher reliability. When mechanical speed sensor is removed, the rotor speed information is estimated using the measured quantities of stator voltages and currents at the IM terminals. This paper highlights the sensorless techniques applied to the IM drives for sustainable reliability and energy savings. Overview on the IM mathematical model is briefly summarized to establish a physical basis for the sensorless schemes used. Further, the different types of IM-VFDs are presented in the paper. The main focus of this review is on the sensorless estimation techniques which are being applied to make IM-VFDs more effective during wide speed operations including very-high and very-low speed regions.
Thousands of images and videos are collected from construction projects during construction. These contain valuable data that, if harnessed efficiently, can help automate or at least reduce human ...effort in diverse construction management activities such as progress monitoring, safety management, quality control and productivity tracking. Extracting meaningful information from images requires the development of technology and algorithms that enable computers to understand digital images or videos, replicating the functionality of human visual systems. This is the goal of computer vision. This review aims at providing an updated and categorized overview of computer vision applications in construction by examining the recent developments in the field and identifying the opportunities and challenges that future research needs to address to fully leverage the potential benefits of Computer Vision. We restrict the focus to four areas that can benefit the most from computer vision - Safety Management, Progress Monitoring, Productivity Tracking and Quality Control.
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•Construction industry captures tremendous amounts of visual data daily.•CV automates information extraction from visual data and augments the data-driven decision.•The paper provides an updated & categorized overview of CV applications in construction.•Use of different CV techniques in different areas of construction is discussed.•Opportunities and challenges that future research needs to address are identified.
Free radicals contain one or more unpaired electrons in their valence shell, thus making them unstable, short-lived, and highly reactive species. Excessive generation of these free radicals ...ultimately leads to oxidative stress causing oxidation and damage to significant macromolecules in the living system and essentially disrupting signal transduction pathways and antioxidants equilibrium. At lower concentrations, ROS serves as "second messengers," influencing many physiological processes in the cell. However, higher concentrations beyond cell capacity cause oxidative stress, contributing to human pathologies such as diabetes, cancer, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular diseases, cataract, asthma, hypertension, atherosclerosis, arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. Signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt/ mTOR, and Keap1-Nrf2- ARE modulate the detrimental effects of oxidative stress by increasing the expression of cellular antioxidant defenses, phase II detoxification enzymes, and decreased production of ROS. Free radicals such as H2O2 are indeed needed for the advancement of the cell cycle as these molecules influence DNA, proteins, and enzymes in the cell cycle pathway. In the course of cell cycle progression, the cellular redox environment becomes more oxidized, moving from the G1 phase, becoming higher in G2/M and moderate in the S phase. Signals in the form of an increase in cellular pro-oxidant levels are required, and these signals are often terminated by a rise in the amount of antioxidants and MnSOD with a decrease in the level of cyclin D1 proteins. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of cell cycle redox regulation will help in the therapy of many diseases.
The death of a pediatric patient with sepsis motivated New York to mandate statewide sepsis treatment in 2013. The mandate included a 1-hour bundle of blood cultures, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and ...a 20-mL/kg intravenous fluid bolus. Whether completing the bundle elements within 1 hour improves outcomes is unclear.
To determine the risk-adjusted association between completing the 1-hour pediatric sepsis bundle and individual bundle elements with in-hospital mortality.
Statewide cohort study conducted from April 1, 2014, to December 31, 2016, in emergency departments, inpatient units, and intensive care units across New York State. A total of 1179 patients aged 18 years and younger with sepsis and septic shock reported to the New York State Department of Health who had a sepsis protocol initiated were included.
Completion of a 1-hour sepsis bundle within 1 hour compared with not completing the 1-hour sepsis bundle within 1 hour.
Risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality.
Of 1179 patients with sepsis reported at 54 hospitals (mean SD age, 7.2 6.2 years; male, 54.2%; previously healthy, 44.5%; diagnosed as having shock, 68.8%), 139 (11.8%) died. The entire sepsis bundle was completed in 1 hour in 294 patients (24.9%). Antibiotics were administered to 798 patients (67.7%), blood cultures were obtained in 740 patients (62.8%), and the fluid bolus was completed in 548 patients (46.5%) within 1 hour. Completion of the entire bundle within 1 hour was associated with lower risk-adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio OR, 0.59 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.93, P = .02; predicted risk difference RD, 4.0% 95% CI, 0.9% to 7.0%). However, completion of each individual bundle element within 1 hour was not significantly associated with lower risk-adjusted mortality (blood culture: OR, 0.73 95% CI, 0.51 to 1.06, P = .10; RD, 2.6% 95% CI, -0.5% to 5.7%; antibiotics: OR, 0.78 95% CI, 0.55 to 1.12, P = .18; RD, 2.1% 95% CI, -1.1% to 5.2%, and fluid bolus: OR, 0.88 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.37, P = .56; RD, 1.1% 95% CI, -2.6% to 4.8%).
In New York State following a mandate for sepsis care, completion of a sepsis bundle within 1 hour compared with not completing the 1-hour sepsis bundle within 1 hour was associated with lower risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality among patients with pediatric sepsis and septic shock.
Ecological modernization theories suggest that it is hard to determine a priori the environmental effects of urbanization, while neoliberal doctrine advocates a positive role of globalization in ...developing economies especially in terms of reducing poverty and inequality. Yet, the environmental effect of globalization is not unanimous. This study employs second-generation panel regression techniques that account for heterogeneous slope coefficients and cross-sectional dependence to estimate the impacts that urbanization and globalization have on CO
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emissions for a panel of 44 Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries for the period 1984–2016. Also, a causality test that considers both these issues is performed. The estimated coefficient of urbanization is positive, statistically significant, and highly consistent across different estimation techniques. The magnitude of the coefficient and level of significance are different in different econometric estimations. In most specifications, the estimated coefficient on the globalization variable is statistically insignificant. Urbanization is found to cause emissions. The environmental implications of these results are discussed with a set of policy recommendations for an environmentally better SSA region.
The use of alternative fuels is an effective method to reduce pollutant emissions from spark-ignition engines. However, the usage of alternative fuels alone will not be adequate comply with strict ...emission standards. Water injection is one of the measures taken during combustion to achieve the desired emission values. However, deterioration in engine performance, which is not desired, occurs with the measures taken. In this study, a gasoline-methanol blend (85% gasoline + 15% methanol) was used as a fuel in a spark-ignition engine. Water was injected into the intake manifold at different rates to reduce emissions further and improve engine performance in an engine running on M15 fuel. Water was injected into the intake air with an electronic control system with 10, 20, and 30% mass ratios of the engine fuel consumption. As a result of the experimental studies conducted under full load conditions, it was determined that the effective power decreased by 2.5%, and the specific fuel consumption increased by 3.5% compared to the standard condition in the engine fueled with M15. It was revealed that there was a 6% decrease in HC emission at 2200 rpm and a 4% decrease in NOx emissions at 2600 rpm. In comparison to standard engine data, when water injection was applied to the engine, there was a decrease up to 16% in HC emissions and up to 12% in NOx emissions. In comparison to the standard data, an increase of 2.5% in the effective power was observed with 20% water injection in the effective power.
•The use of alternative fuels is an effective method to reduce pollutant emissions from SI engines.•The water injection method improves the emission and performance parameters to the engines.•NOx emissions significantly have decreased with the water injection method.•Performance and specific fuel consumption are improved with water injection method.
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