Objective With regard to adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer, the usefulness of combined chemotherapy with cisplatin (CDDP) and vinorelbine (VNR) has been reported. However, poor ...compliance has been reported with VNR administered weekly by the conventional method for 16 consecutive weeks, and there is no report on the safety and compliance of adjuvant chemotherapy with CDDP and VNR in Japanese patients. Methods The subjects were 25 non-small-cell lung cancer patients who received CDDP and VNR as adjuvant chemotherapy at the Shizuoka Cancer Center between April 2005 and April 2008. The treatment schedule included combined treatment, with CDDP at 80 mg/m2 administered on Day 1 and VNR at 25 mg/m2 administered on Days 1 and 8. The treatment was repeated every 3 weeks, and each 3-week treatment schedule was designated as one cycle. A total of four cycles were administered. Results The main adverse events were Grade 3 or more severe neutropenia (76%), anemia (12%), anorexia (12%) and nausea (12%). Thus, the adverse events were mostly mild. There were no treatment-related deaths. The rate of completion of the four cycles was 92%. The mean dose of CDDP and VNR was 312 and 195 mg/m2, respectively. The mean dose administered of either drug was 97.5% of the scheduled dose. Conclusion This study was retrospective and had some limitations, for example, non-hematological toxicity would be evaluated milder. However, it was considered that adjuvant chemotherapy with CDDP administered on Day 1 and VNR administered on Days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks was safe, and that the rate of completion of the four cycles was also satisfactory in Japanese patients.
It has been well known that balance instabilities after long-term exposure to microgravity (e.g., Anderson et al. 1986) or bedrest (BR) can be related to alterations and/or adaptations to postural ...control strategies. Little is known, however, how the reduced muscular activity affects the activation pattern of the lower limb muscles during quiet standing (QS). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not any changes in the lower limb muscle activation patterns during QS would occur after BR.
SUMMARY
1. The effects of soluble dietary fibre (psyllium) on peripheral insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle GLUT‐4 protein expression were studied in 12 male stroke‐prone spontaneously ...hypertensive rats (SHRSP) fed a high‐caloric diet from 5 to 9 weeks of age.
2. In the psyllium‐supplemented group, fasting plasma glucose was significantly reduced and glucose levels following an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly lower than in the cellulose‐supplemented group at 30 (P < 0.05) and 60 min (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in insulin secretion.
3. In the psyllium‐supplemented group, skeletal muscle GLUT‐4 content was significantly increased in the plasma membrane (P < 0.001), but not in the intracellular membrane.
4. No significant difference was found in phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)‐kinase activity between cellulose and psyllium diet not only in the basal state but also when stimulated by insulin.
5. These results demonstrate that psyllium increases blood glucose disposal by increasing skeletal muscle plasma membrane GLUT‐4 content without PI3‐kinase activation.
Previous studies have indicated that NO plays a crucial role in the metastasis of tumor cells and that tumor cells produce nitric oxide (NO) via inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Since the ...deformability of tumor cells is an important factor governing their metastatic potential, in this study we investigated the regulation of tumor cell deformability by NO. Lewis lung tumor cells (3LL cells) were also incubated with a cytokine mixture (IL‐1β, IFNγ, and TNFα). The nitrite/nitrate content of the supernatant was then measured by the Griess method, and iNOS expression was evaluated by RT‐PCR in vitro. Nitrite/nitrate was produced in response to administration of the cytokine mixture, and iNOS mRNA was expressed in the cytokine‐treated cells. The deformability of the 3LL cells was evaluated by measuring the peak pressure generated during their passage through a microfilter at a constant flow rate. Both the cytokine mixture and NO donor (NOC 18) significantly increased the filtration pressure, and the staining of the cells with rhodamine‐phalloidin revealed assembly of F‐actin in the cell membrane. In conclusion, NO plays a role in the decreased deformability of tumor cells, suggesting that NO is one of the factors that regulates metastasis.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate effect of un-loading lower limb on H-reflex and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during bed rest.
Summary
1. The present study was performed in order to determine the reliablility of the portable calorimeter.
2. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured by two different apparatuses: one was ...the typical gas analyser, the other was the portable calorimeter.
3. Although there are differences among individuals, unless the subject has been exposed to severe physical activity prior to the measurement, a suitable resting time prior to the measurement of resting metabolic rate is 10 min.
4. For the measurement of resting metabolic rate, fluctuations in respiratory quotient (RQ) are extremely small; there is greater fluctuation due to variations in respiration. Therefore, for the screening of energy consumption, the use of a fixed value for RQ is sufficient when measuring only oxygen uptake.
5. Respiratory fluctuations vary from person to person and it is not possible to make stable measurements in 1 or 2 min. Therefore, a suitable measurement time for resting metabolic rate is from 3 to approximately 6 min.
6. The results indicate that this portable calorimeter is a useful apparatus for measuring REE in the field.
A 37-year-old man with a possible true aneurysm of the posterior tibial artery is reported. Only four cases of true aneurysm of the posterior tibial artery were reported in the English literature but ...none reported in Japan.
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