Quantum mechanics is a theory that describes the behavior of particles in the microscopic world. If the stock index can be considered an object on a macro scale, then every stock of a stock index is ...an object on a micro-scale. The stock price can be analogous to being a particle. This study aimed to obtain the density distribution of stock returns. Modeling stock returns distribution using a Schrodinger equation model with the assumption that stock is a particle in the good delta potential function so that stock returns as analogous to particles can be known. The Schrodinger equation can calculate stock returns expressed as an exponential distribution. The stock return density distribution using Schrodinger equation model has a higher kurtosis value than the kurtosis value in the normal distribution. The kurtosis value is the degree of the peak height of a distribution. The stock price data used is the stock price data of PT. United Tractors Tbk. and PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk. during 2013-2018. This study shows the stock price of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk. has a more stable average stock price return with a more negligible risk of loss than the stock price of PT. United Tractors Tbk.
This research aims to examine the characteristics of bulletproof vests from corncob oil palm empty fruit bunch (COPEFB) biocomposite, where mechanical, electrical, and physical resistance tests have ...been successfully conducted. The variations in the diameter of the twisted thread used to make the basic material for bulletproof vests include 1 mm, 3 mm, 6 mm, and 10 mm, which were tested for their mechanical, electrical, and physical properties. To identify which biocomposite is good at damping bullets, an impact and a firing test were carried out to determine the kinetic energy and the depth of the bullet, respectively. The results showed that the impact value improved with an increase in the diameter of the twisted yarn used. The largest and the lowest impact values were 1.157 kJ and 0.277 kJ on the epoxy sample with a twisted thread diameter of 10 mm and 1 mm, respectively. It was also discovered that the biocomposite samples made from 6 mm to 10 mm twisted threads were the best samples, impermeable to bullets. This was due to the excess natural fiber content which improved the flexibility and absorption of kinetic energy from the high rate of projectile bullets. According to the results of the firing test, some samples are translucent, while others cannot be penetrated by bullet projectiles. The projectile went inside, and the composite was damaged. All the high filler loading samples were translucent to bullets, while some of the low loading samples were translucent and impermeable to bullets. Based on these results, biocomposite samples made of 6 mm and 10 mm twisted yarn are the best samples that are impermeable to bullets.
Rice husk has high silica (SiO2) content and can be used as the primary material for making nano-silica. One of the methods for synthesizing nano-silica was the hydrothermal method. The objective of ...this study was to synthesize nano-silica from rice husks by observing the effect of temperature in the hydrothermal process on the structure, electrical and particle properties of nano-silica. The hydrothermal process temperature was 150, 200, and 250 °C for 4 hours. The results showed that all nano-silicas were in the amorphous phase. The particle size was in the range of 0.16-13.49 nm with more uniform size distribution on nano-silicas of 200 °C and 250 °C than nano-silica at 150 °C. These three nano-silicas were included in the semiconductor category by increasing temperature and frequency. In addition, these treatment variations resulted 200 °C for 4 hours and pressure of 2 atm as the optimum treatment for manufacturing nano-silica of rice husk ash. This nano-silica could be used as semiconductor material for electronic industry.
World Health Organization expert groups recommended mortality trials of four repurposed antiviral drugs - remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon beta-1a - in patients hospitalized ...with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19).
We randomly assigned inpatients with Covid-19 equally between one of the trial drug regimens that was locally available and open control (up to five options, four active and the local standard of care). The intention-to-treat primary analyses examined in-hospital mortality in the four pairwise comparisons of each trial drug and its control (drug available but patient assigned to the same care without that drug). Rate ratios for death were calculated with stratification according to age and status regarding mechanical ventilation at trial entry.
At 405 hospitals in 30 countries, 11,330 adults underwent randomization; 2750 were assigned to receive remdesivir, 954 to hydroxychloroquine, 1411 to lopinavir (without interferon), 2063 to interferon (including 651 to interferon plus lopinavir), and 4088 to no trial drug. Adherence was 94 to 96% midway through treatment, with 2 to 6% crossover. In total, 1253 deaths were reported (median day of death, day 8; interquartile range, 4 to 14). The Kaplan-Meier 28-day mortality was 11.8% (39.0% if the patient was already receiving ventilation at randomization and 9.5% otherwise). Death occurred in 301 of 2743 patients receiving remdesivir and in 303 of 2708 receiving its control (rate ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval CI, 0.81 to 1.11; P = 0.50), in 104 of 947 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine and in 84 of 906 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.59; P = 0.23), in 148 of 1399 patients receiving lopinavir and in 146 of 1372 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.25; P = 0.97), and in 243 of 2050 patients receiving interferon and in 216 of 2050 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.39; P = 0.11). No drug definitely reduced mortality, overall or in any subgroup, or reduced initiation of ventilation or hospitalization duration.
These remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon regimens had little or no effect on hospitalized patients with Covid-19, as indicated by overall mortality, initiation of ventilation, and duration of hospital stay. (Funded by the World Health Organization; ISRCTN Registry number, ISRCTN83971151; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04315948.).
•Prevalence of depressive symptoms was 22.6% among the Indonesian general population.•People living chronic conditions were at higher risks of comorbid symptoms of depression.•This was across a range ...of conditions, e.g. stomach, heart or lung diseases.•Prevalence of depressive symptoms were highest in those with a memory-related disease.
To estimate the prevalence of symptoms of depression in the population, and to identify patient groups with a history of chronic conditions with the highest risks of comorbid depression.
Data were drawn from a population-representative sample of 31,447 participants in The Fifth Wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS5) conducted in 2014-15. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CES-D-R 10) that measures symptoms defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). Socio-demographic variables controlled for in the adjusted analysis included age, sex, education, and ethnicity.
Weighted prevalence of depressive symptoms, above the CES-D-R 10 cut-off, was 22.6% (females=23.0%, males=22.2%). Among those with a chronic condition, the highest risk of comorbid symptoms of depression was observed in those with a memory-related disease (OR=2.64 1.49-4.68) or stroke (OR=2.39 1.75-3.27). Depressive symptoms were also more commonly reported among people with hypertension, tuberculosis, asthma, other lung conditions, heart problems, liver diseases, arthritis or rheumatism, kidney diseases, stomach or digestive diseases.
Symptoms of depression are common in the general Indonesian population, and comorbidities are high in those with a history of chronic conditions, supporting the need for mental health care in patients presenting for physical diseases. Future research of clinical and patient samples will provide data in those who may be at increased risks.
The creative fashion industry produces several textile products that play an important role in the national economy. In various countries, this industry has continued to grow along with the strong ...flow of information technology and e-commerce. The development of textile products for fashion is very dynamic and competitive. Competition is not only about price, but also the quality of organic/synthetic materials, the comfort provided, and designs that change every 4−6 months. Recently, creative fashion not only relies on natural and synthetic polymer-made fibers but also biomass-based waste materials. Therefore, this study aims to manufacture textile products from biomass-based waste materials that can be applied to the creative fashion industry. Two types of raw materials from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), namely, whole-empty fruit bunches (WEFB) and stalk-empty fruit bunches (SEFB), are used as an excellent innovation of rayon viscose fiber (RVF), a noncotton organic yarn capable of providing a solution to the 99% import of global cotton needs. This is expected to increase competitiveness, as well as the added value of palm oil products and their derivatives. The process of manufacturing DP chemically includes prehydrolysis, cooking, bleaching to dissolve the lignin and noncellulosic materials as well as isolation to purify POEFB fiber. Furthermore, DP testing is carried out to determine product quality and compare it with the national product standards. The results show that the alpha-cellulose content reaches >94% with variations in the active alkali of 18%, 20% and 24%. This implies that the WEFB and SEFB are used to fulfill the first requirements of the national standard (SNI 938:2017). The WEFB with an active alkali variation of 24% meets the SNI standard for rayon pulp with a value of S10 = 3.07 and S18 = 7.14%, while all variations of SEFB show opposite results. The use of active alkali at 24% had a brighter color than between 18% and 20%. Additionally, the fiber density of WEFB appears to be higher than that of SEFB. These results correlate positively with DP prepared using 24% alkali as the optimum treatment for all products, as well as the morphological observations performed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which shows that WEFB fixated fiber had a larger diameter than SEFB.
The performance of helmet prototypes fabricated from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene composites filled with oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers was evaluated. The fibers were produced using a milling ...procedure, while the composites were fabricated using a single-screw extrusion. The physical characteristics of the produced fibers, which are water content, size, and density, were investigated. In addition, the mechanical properties of the produced helmets, including shock absorption, yield stress, frequency, and head injury criterion (HIC), were examined. The impact strength of the produced helmets increases with the rise of filler content. In addition, the helmets were also able to withstand a considerable pressure such that the transmitted pressure was far under the maximum value acceptable by the human skull. The present work also found that HICs exhibited by the investigated helmet prototypes fulfill all the practical guidelines as permitted by the Indonesian government. In terms of novelty, such innovation can be considered the first invention in Indonesia since the endorsement of the use of motorcycle helmets.
Depression and anxiety are two of the leading causes of disease burden in low-to-middle income coutnries. The World Health Organisation has engaged in a programme of scaling-up mental health ...services, but significant challenges remain. Improving mental health literacy in children and young people, a core part of recent, global health strategies has the potential to address some of these challenges. The study aims to co-develop and feasibility test, a culturally-appropriate toolkit to promote depression and anxiety focused mental health literacy and self-management skills in Indonesia, for children aged 11-15 years.
A mixed methods study comprising four phases. Through a systematic review of existing evidence, phase 1 will review approaches to improve mental health literacy and self-management in South East Asia and critically review current evidence regarding intervention effect. Phase 2 will explore stakeholders' views on depression, anxiety and mental health more broadly and identify priorities for the intervention through the use of semi-structured interviews and/or focus groups with policy makers, clinicians, teachers, adolescent service users, carers and young people aged 11-15. Phase 3 will comprise iterative workshops with local stakeholders to present our findings and co-produce a testable, culturally appropriate toolkit to promote mental health literacy and depression/anxiety focused self-management in 11-15 year olds in Java, Indonesia. Phase 4 comprises feasibility evaluation of our developed intervention via nine in-depth case studies (Jakarta, Bogor and Magelang). We will examine the impact, acceptability and feasibility of our prototype intervention and produce evidence-based guidelines for wider implementation.
Tools to support mental health literacy and self-management are a low cost way in which mental health services in LMICs can attempt to address the burden of anxiety and depression amongst children and young people. However, this is an underexplored area in Indonesia. Working closely with local stakeholders, this study will design and undertake feasibility evaluation of co-produced mental health literacy and anxiety and depression focussed interactive self-management tools. This abstract has also been published on the funders website (UK Research and Innovation. Improving Mental Health Literacy Among Young People aged 12-15 years in Indonesia 2019).
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