Strong Variable Permanent Multipole Magnets Iwashita, Y.; Ichikawa, M.; Tajima, Y. ...
IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity,
06/2008, Letnik:
18, Številka:
2
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
Three super strong permanent multipole magnets have been made: a fixed strength quadrupole, a variable quadrupole and a variable sextupole. The inner and outer diameters of the first 100 mm-length ...quadrupole are 14 mm and 100 mm, respectively. This fixed strength quad has an integrated gradient of 28.5 T; where the gradient at the center is more than 2.9 T/cm. The second, variable, quadrupole has an integrated strength of 38 T with 15 mm inner diameter and 230 mm length at the maximum: there are sixteen positions in its variable strength with about a 2 T even step width. The sextupole model is intended to change its strength at 25 Hz. One application of a variable quadrupole magnet is a final doublet quadrupole for an e+e- linear collider. Permanent magnet sextupoles are useful for focusing of cold neutrons, which are a very useful probe for material research. Strong octupoles for beam tail folding in the final focus beamline of a linear collider will also be possible with permanent magnets. These high order multipoles made from permanent magnets can achieve higher strengths, for a given bore radius, than superconducting ones. Design works are presented starting from brief review.
Phase separation is one of the most fundamental physical phenomena that controls the morphology of heterogeneous structures. Phase separation of a binary mixture of simple liquids produces only two ...morphologies: a bicontinuous or a droplet structure in the case of a symmetric or an asymmetric composition, respectively. For complex fluids, there is a possibility to produce other interesting morphologies. We found that a network structure of the minority phase can also be induced transiently on phase separation if the dynamics of the minority phase are much slower than those of the majority phase. Here we induce a cellular structure of the minority phase intentionally with the help of its smectic ordering, using phase separation of a lyotropic liquid crystal into the isotropic and smectic phase. We can control the three morphologies, cellular, network and droplet structures, solely by changing the heating rate. We demonstrate that the kinetic interplay between phase separation and smectic ordering is a key to the morphological selection. This may provide a new route to the formation of network and cellular morphologies in soft materials.
The effects of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on the repair of injured spinal cord and on the behavioral improvement were studied in the rat. The spinal cord was injured by contusion using a ...weight-drop at the level of T8-9, and the BMSCs from the bone marrow of the same strain were infused into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the 4th ventricle. BMSCs were conveyed through the CSF to the spinal cord, where most BMSCs attached to the spinal surface although a few invaded the lesion. The BBB score was higher, and the cavity volume was smaller in the rats with transplantation than in the control rats. Transplanted cells gradually decreased in number and disappeared from the spinal cord 3 weeks after injection. The medium supplemented by CSF (250 μl in 3 ml medium) harvested from the rats in which BMSCs had been injected 2 days previously promoted the neurosphere cells to adhere to the culture dish and to spread into the periphery.
These results suggest that BMSCs can exert effects by producing some trophic factors into the CSF or by contacting with host spinal tissues on the reduction of cavities and on the improvement of behavioral function in the rat. Considering that BMSCs can be used for autologous transplantation, and that the CSF infusion of transplants imposes a minimal burden on patients, the results of the present study are important and promising for the clinical use of BMSCs in spinal cord injury treatment.
AXEL: High-pressure Xe gas TPC for BG-free 0ν2β decay search Obara, S.; Ban, S.; Hirose, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
04/2020, Letnik:
958
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
AXEL is a high-pressure xenon gas time projection chamber for neutrinoless double-beta decay (0ν2β) search. The AXEL has a unique readout system called ELCC which has a cellular structure and ...photosensors to detect electroluminescence light produced by ionization electrons. We demonstrated the performance of the ELCC with a small prototype detector (AXEL-HP10L). The obtained energy resolution corresponds to 0.82−1.74% (FWHM) at the 0ν2β Q-value. We are constructing a new prototype (AXEL-HP180L) in order to study the energy resolution at the Q-value of 0ν2β with a new design of ELCC with unit structure, newly developed electronics board, field-shaping electrodes, and Cockcroft–Walton-type high voltage power supply. For a future 1-ton scale large AXEL detector, we are developing new background-reduction techniques; topology identification with machine learning, positive-ion detection, and active-shield options.
Thiol-activated cytolysins share a conserved hydrophobic, Trp-rich undecapeptide that is suggested to be involved in membrane binding and intercalation. The neutralizing monoclonal antibody PLY-5 ...recognizes all members of this toxin family and peptide mapping assigned its epitope to the undecapeptide motif. This antibody inhibited binding of the toxins to host cell membranes and the epitope was no longer available for binding when a preformed toxin/membrane complex was tested. These results confirm the model of cytolysin binding suggested by structural data.
Super strong permanent dipole magnet Kumada, M.; Antokhin, E.I.; Iwashita, Y. ...
IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity,
06/2004, Letnik:
14, Številka:
2
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
Recenzirano
The authors have been developing very strong permanent magnets. In the past, our magnets could generate greater than 5 Tesla dipole fields. We are now in a process of reaching much higher fields. The ...present paper is devoted to describing magnetic design developments in order to obtain super strong magnetic fields (of order of several Tesla magnitudes) with permanent magnets with a working gap sized large enough for practical applications.
There is increasing evidence that sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich microdomains (rafts) exist in the plasma membrane. Specific proteins assemble in these membrane domains and play a role in signal ...transduction and many other cellular events. Cholesterol depletion causes disassembly of the raft-associated proteins, suggesting an essential role of cholesterol in the structural maintenance and function of rafts. However, no tool has been available for the detection and monitoring of raft cholesterol in living cells. Here we show that a protease-nicked and biotinylated derivative (BCθ) of perfringolysin O (θ-toxin) binds selectively to cholesterol-rich microdomains of intact cells, the domains that fulfill the criteria of rafts. We fractionated the homogenates of nontreated and Triton X-100-treated platelets after incubation with BCθ on a sucrose gradient. BCθ was predominantly localized in the floating low-density fractions (FLDF) where cholesterol, sphingomyelin, and Src family kinases are enriched. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that BCθ binds to a subpopulation of vesicles in FLDF. Depletion of 35% cholesterol from platelets with cyclodextrin, which accompanied 76% reduction in cholesterol from FLDF, almost completely abolished BCθ binding to FLDF. The staining patterns of BCθ and filipin in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells with and without cholesterol depletion suggest that BCθ binds to specific membrane domains on the cell surface, whereas filipin binding is indiscriminate to cell cholesterol. Furthermore, BCθ binding does not cause any damage to cell membranes, indicating that BCθ is a useful probe for the detection of membrane rafts in living cells.
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