Understanding impact of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA) with cancer is important to inform care. Online survey of 16–24 year olds receiving cancer treatment ...at eight cancer centres in the UK. We measured: self-perceived increased anxiety since COVID-19, impact of COVID-19 on treatment, life and relationships, PHQ-8, GAD and the two-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). 112 AYA participated. 59.8% had previous mental health difficulties. 78.6% reported COVID-19 having a significant impact on life. 79% reported experiencing increased anxiety since COVID-19.43.4% had moderate-severe PHQ-8 scores and 37.1% GADS-7 scores. Impact on life was associated with moderate-severe PHQ-8 scores (OR 5.23, 95% CI 1.65–16.56, p < 0.01), impact on relationships with moderate-severe GADS-7 and PHQ-8 score (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.11–7.54, p = 0,03; OR 3.54, 95% CI 2.32–15.17, p < 0.01; OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.11–5.25, p =0.03). Greater resilience was associated with lower mod-severe GADS-7and PHQ-8 scores (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.41–0.81, p < 0.01; OR 0.55 95% CI 0.4–0.72, p < 0.01; OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.38–0.69, p < 0.01). We found high levels of psychological distress. Perceived impact of COVID-19 on relationships and life was predictive of poorer mental health, with resilience a protective factor.
Abstract Objective Smoking is the largest preventable cause of death and disability in the UK and remains pervasive in people with mental disorders and in general hospital patients. We aimed to ...quantify the prevalence of mental disorders and smoking, examining associations between mental disorders and smoking in patients with chronic physical conditions. Method Data were collected via routine screening systems implemented across two London NHS Foundation Trusts. The prevalence of mental disorder, current smoking, nicotine dependence and wanting help with quitting smoking were quantified, and the relationships between mental disorder and smoking were examined, adjusting for age, gender and physical illness, with multiple regression models. Results A total of 7878 patients were screened; 23.2% screened positive for probable major depressive disorder, and 18.5% for probable generalised anxiety disorder. Overall, 31.4% and 29.2% of patients with probable major depressive disorder or generalised anxiety disorder respectively were current smokers. Probable major depression and generalised anxiety disorder were associated with 93% and 44% increased odds of being a current smoker respectively. Patients with depressive disorder also reported higher levels of nicotine dependence, and the presence of common mental disorder was not associated with odds of wanting help with quitting smoking. Conclusion Common mental disorder in patients with chronic physical health conditions is a risk factor for markedly increased smoking prevalence and nicotine dependence. A general hospital encounter represents an opportunity to help patients who may benefit from such interventions.
IN SAN FRANCISCO'S South of Market (SoMa) neighborhood, where the average price of a home is $858,000, innovative design joined creative financing to speed production of a 145-unit permanent housing ...complex for the formerly unhoused. DBA met with the local organization SOMA Pilipinas, which offered the architects design inspiration. ...Tahanan (Tagalog for "home") abstracts Filipino culture with patterns of bamboo and handwoven mats cast into its concrete base. ...Tahanan's development cost came in at $385,000 per unit, well below the target.
In the Mix Jacobson, Clare
Architectural Record,
07/2022, Letnik:
210, Številka:
7
Trade Publication Article
The Nancy Friend Pritzker Psychiatry Building celebrates this branch of medical practice as worthy of high design. This new 173,000-square-foot home for the University of California, San Francisco ...(UCSF) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, designed by ZGF Architects with Perkins&Will as exterior architect of record, includes a combination of clinical, education, and research facilities for a wide range of users. It offers spaces to UCSF faculty not only from psychiatry but also neurology, pediatrics, neurosurgery, obstetrics/gynecology, radiology, and anesthesiology. And it provides mental health services to both children and adults. "The purpose of this building was to bring everybody together in a much less institutional building than you traditionally see with UC campuses," says Dan Kingsley, managing partner at SKS Partners, the building's owner and developer with Prado Group. The department's previous home, the Lang-ley Porter Psychiatric Hospital and Clinics, is such an institution. Located in San Francisco's Parnassus Heights neighborhood on a campus of UCSF medical buildings, Langley Porter was designed in the early 1940s (and will soon be replaced by a hospital designed by Herzog & de Meuron). The old L-shaped, boxy building with small punched and ribbon windows has a rather defensive street presence.
Relatively little is known about the interaction between behavioural changes, medication and cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease. We examined working memory, learning and risk aversion in ...patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with and without impulsive or compulsive behaviour and compared to a group of age-matched control subjects. Parkinson patients with impulsive or compulsive behaviour (PD+ ICB) had poorer working memory performance than either controls or PD patients without ICB. PD+ICB patients also showed decreased learning from negative feedback and increased learning from positive feedback off compared to on dopaminergic medication. This interaction between medication status and learning was the opposite of that found in the PD patients without a diagnosis of ICB. Finally, the PD group showed increased risk preference on medication relative to controls and the subgroup of PD+ICB patients with pathological gambling were overall more risk prone than the PD group. Thus, medication status and an impulsive behavioural diagnosis differentially affect several behaviors in PD.
The relationship between recall and recognition memory impairments was examined in memory-disordered patients with either hippocampal, medial temporal, more widespread temporal lobe or frontal ...pathology. The Hirst Hirst, W., Johnson, M. K., Phelps, E. A., & Volpe, B. T. (1988). More on recognition and recall in amnesics.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition,
14, 758–762 technique for titrating exposure times was used to match recognition memory performance as closely as possible before comparing recall memory scores. Data were available from two different control groups given differing exposure times. Each of the patient groups showed poorer recall memory performance than recognition scores, proportionate to the difference seen in healthy participants. When patients’ scores were converted to
Z-scores, there was no significant difference between mean
Z-recall and
Z-recognition scores. When plotted on a scatterplot, the majority of the data-points indicating disproportionately low recall memory scores came from healthy controls or patients with pathology extending into the lateral temporal lobes, rather than from patients with pathology confined to the medial temporal lobes. Patients with atrophy extending into the parahippocampal gyrus (H+) performed worse than patients with atrophy confined to the hippocampi (H−); but, when H− patients were given a shorter exposure time (5
s) and compared with H+ at a longer exposure (10
s), their performance was virtually identical and did not indicate any disproportionate recall memory impairment in the H− group. Parahippocampal volumes on MRI correlated significantly with both recall and recognition memory. The possibility that findings were confounded by inter-stimulus artefacts was examined and rejected. These findings argue against the view that hippocampal amnesia or memory disorders in general are typically characterised by a disproportionate impairment in recall memory. Disproportionate recall memory impairment has been observed in a number of published cases, and the reason for the varying pattern obtained across hippocampal patients requires further examination.
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) and schizophrenia have genetic and neuropsychological similarities, but are likely to differ in memory profile. Confirming differences in memory function between ...the two disorders, and identifying their genetic determinants, can help to define genetic subtypes in both syndromes, identify genetic risk factors for the emergence of psychosis, and develop pharmacological interventions for cognitive dysfunction. However, no study has compared memory function between 22qDS and schizophrenia, while indirect comparisons are confounded by marked differences in IQ between the two populations. We compared verbal and visual memory in 29 children and adolescents with 22qDS and 15 intellectually matched youths with schizophrenia using age-appropriate, directly comparable, Wechsler scales. Verbal memory was markedly superior in the 22qDS group by 21 points. There were no group differences in visual memory. The inherently low COMT activity in 22qDS merits investigation as a potential protective factor for verbal memory.
Jacobson shares how Pone Architecture designed the office building for Poly K18 in Wuhan China. The tunnel effect encounters no vertical breaks--no uplifting atrium of the type common to office ...towers such as the one that this project occupies. Even the few walls dividing the free-form 7,100-square-foot floor plan are in tempered laminated glass, their transparent blueness accenting the openness more than counteracting it. Blue seating and glossy white-lacquered storage units complement the pale sapele.
Jacobson tells how Cun Design designed the office building for Elephant-Parade in Beijing China. A staircase, elephantine in size and presence, even curves like a trunk as it winds through the ...44,000-square-foot marketing agency. Connecting the top two of four levels, the stair fills an area that was complicated by existing beams. To soften the stair's hefty mass, architect Cui Shu used natural, locally sourced bamboo.
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