We describe the verification of the IM: a large, complex (12,000gates and 1100 latches) circuit that detects and marks the boundariesbetween Intel architecture (IA-32) instructions. We verified ...agate-level model of the IM against an implementation-independentspecification of IA-32 instruction lengths. We used theorem provingto to derive 56 model-checking runs and to verify that the model-checkingruns imply that the IM meets the specification for all possiblesequences of IA-32 instructions. Our verification discoveredeight previously unknown bugs.
A port film marker Jones, D; Armstrong, J; Hafermann, M D
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics,
07/1989, Letnik:
17, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A device is described consisting of brass strips embedded in a plastic plate. When inserted in a radiation beam, it produces an image of a cross centered in the field. Cuts in the brass at defined ...intervals project a scale on the film used to determine a magnification factor. A marker in the lower right-hand quadrant provides rapid, unequivocal orientation of the film. This capability of orientation to a beam's-eye-view makes anatomical markers redundant.
Validation of an equilibrium radionuclide technique for assessing right and left ventricle function has not been reported in children with heart disease. Resting equilibrium radionuclide ...ventriculograms were performed in 71 children with diverse types of heart disease (age range 1 to 19 years, mean 10.2) with exercise studies in 52 of the children. Cardiac catheterization was performed in 39 of the 71 children within 2 weeks of radionuclide study. Resting left and right ventricular ejection fractions from radionuclide study and catheterization were compared by linear regression analysis: right ventricular ejection fraction, r = 0.83; left ventricular ejection fraction, r = 0.90. Interobserver correlations for right and left ventricular ejection fractions were 0.93 and 0.94, respectively. With exercise, the interobserver correlations for right and left ventricle were 0.97 and 0.92, respectively. Thus, right and left ventricular ejection fractions showed good correlations with cineangiographic ejection fractions. Furthermore, it was possible to perform this study in exercising children with no deterioration in interobserver correlations. This technique can provide important information on ventricular function in children and aid in long-term evaluation of current methods of treatment for several congenital heart defects.
A radiolucent bite-block apparatus Jones, D; Hafermann, M D
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
13, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A bite-block, patient immobilization apparatus has been constructed using all plastic parts. The apparatus may be used in C-T scanning without detriment to the images produced. The construction ...details are given and the procedure used to produce a bite block is described. A method to reduce electron backscattering onto the buccal mucosa from metal fillings is given.
The ratio of left ventricular to right ventricular stroke counts measured by radionuclide angiography has been used in adults to estimate the severity of left-sided valvular regurgitation. The ...validation of this technique in children for assessment of right and left ventricular volume overload is reported herein. Radionuclide stroke count ratios in 60 children aged 0.5 to 19 years (mean 11) were determined. Based on their diagnoses, the patients were divided into 3 groups: (1) normal--40 patients with no shunts or valvular regurgitation, (2) left ventricular volume overload--13 patients with mitral or aortic regurgitation, or both, and (3) right ventricular volume overload--7 patients, 2 with severe tricuspid regurgitation, 3 with atrial septal defects, and 2 with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. The radionuclide stroke count ratio clearly differentiated these groups (p less than 0.05): normal patients had a stroke count ratio of 1.04 +/- 0.17 (mean +/- 1 standard deviation), the left ventricular volume overload group had a stroke count ratio of 2.43 +/- 0.86, and the right ventricular volume overload group had a stroke count ratio of 0.44 +/- 0.17. In 22 of our 60 patients, radionuclide stroke count ratios were compared with cineangiographic stroke volume ratios, resulting in a correlation coefficient of 0.88. It is concluded that radionuclide ventriculography is an excellent tool for qualitative and quantitative assessment of valvular regurgitation in children.
The concept of partial tolerance is applied to the equivalent dose formula for spinal cord tolerance to allow for the change in dose when open and blocked fields are used in a course of radiotherapy. ...The field arrangement considered is parallel opposed irradiation. Certain assumptions are made regarding the contribution of dose to the spinal cord from open and blocked fields, which allows for the development of an equation to calculate the number of fractions that require spinal cord shielding in the posterior field. The use of a form to facilitate these calculations is described.
A well-documented case of extraovarian endometriosis undergoing malignant transformation is presented. A vaginal focus of endometriosis was biopsied over a 13-year interval during which time ...progression from benign to malignant disease was observed. Exogenous estrogen replacement was administered throughout the interval of transformation. The pathology, pertinent literature, and implications of the present case are discussed.
A family-centered perinatal-care program featuring collaboration by nurse practitioners, obstetricians, pediatricians, and paramedical personnel was developed to enhance family participation and ...achieve a shorter but safe hospital stay. Discharge from the hospital was permitted as early as 12 hours after delivery. A perinatal nurse practitioner made daily home visits. The program's safety, feasibility, and acceptability to patients was studied by comparison of 44 patients so treated (study group) with 44 receiving traditional care (controls). Twenty-one study families, but no controls, went home within 24 hours. The study and control groups had no significant differences or trends in numbers of types of morbidity during hospitalization or the six-week post-partum period. The expense of the program is approximately equaled by hospital costs saved through early discharge. The results indicate that early discharge with home-care follow-up observation as described is safe, economically feasible, and well accepted by patients.
A method for the three dimensional location of lymph nodes with respect to the skin surface is described. The technique is based on the reconstruction of surface shape using isocentric radiographs ...taken with metal chains draped on the patient. Registration of the radiographic study to the lymphoscintigraphic study is accomplished automatically by matching the location of four radiopaque and radioisotope markers. This method allows nodes to be located in a beam's eye view with any set up of an isocentric radiotherapy machine. An accurate determination of the depth of lymph nodes is obtained, which is of value in electron beam therapy.
