LHC, working at the expected nominal luminosity, will induce an extremely high irradiation in the CMS experiment. The CMS alignment system uses optical elements to build the laser beams paths. ...Optical properties of basic components such as glasses and glues may result affected and their transmission power may degrade significantly. We have proceeded to a first test of various glasses and glues and identified some of them that can stand up to
150
kGy
of gamma-rays plus
5×10
14
neutrons/
cm
2
.
The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment prepares its Phase-2 upgrade for the high-luminosity era of the LHC operation (HL-LHC). Due to the increase of occupancy, trigger latency and rates, the ...full electronics of the CMS Drift Tube (DT) chambers will need to be replaced. In the new design, the time bin for the digitization of the chamber signals will be of around 1 ns, and the totality of the signals will be forwarded asynchronously to the service cavern at full resolution. The new backend system will be in charge of building the trigger primitives of each chamber. These trigger primitives contain the information at chamber level about the muon candidates position, direction, and collision time, and are used as input in the L1 CMS trigger. The added functionalities will improve the robustness of the system against ageing. An algorithm based on analytical solutions for reconstructing the DT trigger primitives, called Analytical Method, has been implemented both as a software C++ emulator and in firmware. Its performance has been estimated using the software emulator with simulated and real data samples, and through hardware implementation tests. Measured efficiencies are 96 to 98% for all qualities and time and spatial resolutions are close to the ultimate performance of the DT chambers. A prototype chain of the HL-LHC electronics using the Analytical Method for trigger primitive generation has been installed during Long Shutdown 2 of the LHC and operated in CMS cosmic data taking campaigns in 2020 and 2021. Results from this validation step, the so-called Slice Test, are presented.
This document presents an application of the new generation of amorphous silicon position detecting (ASPD) sensors to multipoint alignment. Twelve units are monitored along a 20
m long laser beam, ...where the light path is deflected by 90° using a pentaprism.
Semitransparent amorphous silicon sensors have been proposed as the 2D positioning sensors for the link system of the CMS alignment. An in-depth study of the actual performance of these sensors is ...here reported.
This document presents an overview of the induced photocurrents in the Amorphous Silicon Position Detectors used in the network of diode lasers and photo sensors of the CMS Link alignment system ...recorded during its eleven years of operation. After a description of the sensors characteristics, the layout of the sensors network is discussed. The sensors are distributed throughout the muon spectrometer and connected by laser lines. The data used correspond to readout information obtained during some of the physics runs from 2008 to 2018.
Semitransparent amorphous-silicon sensors are basic elements for laser 2D position reconstruction in the CMS multipoint alignment link system. Some of the sensors have to work in a very hard ...radiation environment. Two different sensor types have been irradiated with
60Co photons (up to 100 kGy) and fast neutrons (up to
10
15
cm
−2
), and the subsequent change in their performance has been measured.
Abstract
Background
Infectious diseases are a global public health problem, accounting for more than 20% of the mortality burden. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa caused more than 1.3 ...million deaths globally in 2019. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major factor in this mortality. Rapid molecular test for the detection of the blaKPC gene improves treatment time and mortality in patients with bacteremia caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, however, the use of molecular biology techniques may not be optimal in multiple resourced care settings limited. Our goal is to perform rapid identification of Gram-negative bacilli and detection of carbapenemases directly from blood cultures using the combination of mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and the lateral flow immunochromatography test.4
Methods
We analyzed 97 bottles of positive blood cultures detected by the BACT/Alert 3D system (BioMérieux®). Our new method (MALDI-FAST) uses 0.5ml of blood obtained from the positive blood culture bottle for Gram-negative bacilli, from which a pellet is obtained by rapid centrifugation in 3 minutes. This material is processed both for bacterial identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrophotometry (Bruker®), and rapid detection of carbapenemases by NG Test Carba 5 lateral flow immunochromatography (NG Biotech®). The results obtained were compared with the gold standard RT-PCR FilmArray Panel BCID 2.0 (BioMérieux®)
Results
Of the 97 blood culture bottles, 94/97 (96.9%) were correctly identified to the species level and 3/97 (3.1%) were polymicrobial blood cultures. Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected in 39 samples, E. coli in 24, and 34 other microorganisms including non-fermenting bacteria. Excellent concordance (kappa index 1,000) was achieved in 31/97 blood cultures (31.9%) that presented carbapenemases, 18/31 KPC (18.6%) and 13/31 with KPC and NDM coproduction (13.4%). 66/97(68.15%) bottles did not present carbapenemase.
Conclusion
Our protocol presents very good results for bacterial identification by mass spectrometry and carbapenemase detection by lateral flow immunoassay in a few minutes directly from the positive blood culture, becoming a fast and cost-effective tool to contribute to patient management.
Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures
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