We report on a new analysis of neutrino oscillations in MINOS using the complete set of accelerator and atmospheric data. The analysis combines the ν(μ) disappearance and ν(e) appearance data using ...the three-flavor formalism. We measure |Δm(32)(2)| = 2.28-2.46 × 10(-3) eV(2) (68% C.L.) and sin(2)θ(23) = 0.35-0.65 (90% C.L.) in the normal hierarchy, and |Δm(32)(2)| = 2.32-2.53 × 10(-3) eV(2) (68% C.L.) and sin(2)θ(23) = 0.34-0.67 (90% C.L.) in the inverted hierarchy. The data also constrain δ(CP), the θ(23} octant degeneracy and the mass hierarchy; we disfavor 36% (11%) of this three-parameter space at 68% (90%) C.L.
High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing of food can inactivate spoilage microorganisms, while largely preserving quality characteristics like color, flavor, texture, and vitamin content. However, ...the composition of the food matrix can strongly affect HHP inactivation efficiency. As systematic data on the interplay of different food matrix components are rare, we used defined oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions as a model system to investigate the impact of fat on the effect of the aqueous phase parameters sodium chloride (NaCl), sucrose, pH, and proteins on HHP inactivation of
Lactobacillus
(
L.
)
plantarum
strains. To identify a potential interconnection with cell surface characteristics, strains with hydrophobic and hydrophilic surface characteristics were considered. HHP inactivation varied widely among the investigated strains. In general, high NaCl and sucrose concentrations exerted a baroprotective effect, whereas low-pH environments enhanced inactivation, and the impact of proteins followed no clear trend. The presence of fat did not generally influence any of the aqueous phase parameters in its impact on HHP inactivation, but caused sporadic matrix and strain specific; however, cell surface hydrophobicity-independent alterations in inactivation efficiency. Still, fat was able to significantly change, and sometimes even invert, the effect of other food matrix parameters.
We report an improved measurement of ν(μ) disappearance over a distance of 735 km using the MINOS detectors and the Fermilab Main Injector neutrino beam in a ν(μ)-enhanced configuration. From a total ...exposure of 2.95×10(20) protons on target, of which 42% have not been previously analyzed, we make the most precise measurement of Δm2=2.62(-0.28)(+0.31)(stat)±0.09(syst)×10(-3) eV2 and constrain the ν(μ) mixing angle sin2(2θ)>0.75 (90% C.L.). These values are in agreement with Δm2 and sin2(2θ) measured for ν(μ), removing the tension reported in P. Adamson et al. (MINOS), Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 021801 (2011)..
Inactivation efficiency of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing of food is strongly affected by food matrix composition. We investigated effects of fat on HHP inactivation of ...spoilage-associated Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum strains using defined oil-in-water (O/W)-emulsion model systems. Since fat-mediated effects on HHP inactivation could be dependent on interactions between lipid phase and microbial cells, three major factors possibly influencing such interactions were considered, that is, cell surface hydrophobicity, presence and type of surfactants, and oil droplet size. Pressure tolerance varied noticeably among L. plantarum strains and was independent of cell surface hydrophobicity. We showed that HHP inactivation of all strains tended to be more effective in presence of fat. The observation in both, surfactant-stabilized and surfactant-free (O/W)-emulsion, indicates that cell surface hydrophobicity is no intrinsic pressure resistance factor. In contrast to the presence of fat per se, surfactant type and oil droplet size did not affect inactivation efficiency.
The DONUT experiment used an emulsion/counter-hybrid-detector, which succeeded in detecting tau–neutrino charged-current interactions. A new method of emulsion analysis, NETSCAN, was used to locate ...neutrino events and detect tau decays. It is based on a fully automated emulsion readout system (Ultra Track Selector) developed at Nagoya University.
The achieved plate-to-plate alignment accuracy of
∼0.2
μm
over an area of
2.6
mm×2.6
mm
permitted an efficient and systematic tau decay search using emulsion data. Moreover, this accuracy allowed measurement of particle momenta by multiple Coulomb scattering, and contributed to the efficient background rejection for the
ν
τ candidates. This paper describes details of our emulsion analysis methods.
The final set of Soudan-2 data has been prepared including both events with their vertex within the detector and upgoing stopping muons originating in neutrino interactions within the rock ...surrounding the detector. This data set was analyzed for effects of atmospheric neutrino oscillations. The resulting probability of no oscillations was found to be 3.2 × 10−5. The improved 90% CL contour in sin22θ × log10(Δm2) is given, and found to be independent of the choice of 1D or 3D neutrino flux model. The Soudan 2 allowed contour includes, but is broader than, the 90% CL contours reported by SuperK and MACRO.
MINOS experiment at Fermilab Kafka, T.
Progress in particle and nuclear physics,
04/2010, Letnik:
64, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
MINOS is a two-detector experiment to study neutrino oscillations in the NuMI high-intensity neutrino beam at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Results on
ν
μ
disappearance,
ν
e
appearance, ...sterile neutrino mixing (
ν
neutral current ‘disappearance’), and
ν
̄
μ
disappearance are summarized for an exposure of
≈
3
×
10
20
protons on target. Data from a 7×10
20 POT exposure already in hand are being analyzed.
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related death in Western men. In prostate intraepithelial neoplasia annexin A2 expression is absent ...however upon loss of androgen dependence annexin A2 is subsequently over-expressed. Regaining regulatory control of annexin A2 presents a means of therapy in the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancers. In an effort to regain control of aberrant annexin A2 expression we have formulated poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with pDrive-sh AnxA2 plasmid DNA. These nanoparticles are capable of sustained intracellular delivery of pDrive-sh AnxA2 plasmid DNA vector for long-term siRNA mediated down-regulation of annexin A2. Intra-tumoral administration of pDrive-sh AnxA2 loaded nanoparticles to xenograft prostate tumors in nude mice demonstrates an overall decrease in tumor growth. The decrease in tumor growth is through a reduction of annexin A2 and VEGF mRNA and protein levels within the tumor mass. Administration of blank nanoparticles demonstrated no alteration in tumor growth or annexin A2 and VEGF at either the mRNA or protein levels. Our findings suggest that the use of sustained-release polymeric nanoparticles for down-regulation of annexin A2 expression may serve as an effective adjuvant treatment option for prostate cancer.
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